.jpg.webp)
The Burmese python is considered an invasive species in Florida
Invasive species in Florida are introduced organisms that cause damage to the environment, human economy, or human health in Florida.[1] Native plants and animals can become threatened by from the spread of invasive species.
Animals
Mammals
- Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)[2]
- Black rat (R. rattus)[3]
- Chital (Axis axis)[4]
- Coypu or nutria (Myocastor coypus)
- House mouse (Mus musculus)[5]
- Wild boar (Sus scrofa) [6]
- Feral cat (Felis catus)[7]
- Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
- Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)[8][9]
- Mexican gray squirrel (Sciurus aureogaster)[10][11]
- Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)[12]
- Nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)[13][14]
Birds
- European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)[15][16]
- Feral pigeon (Columba livia domestica)[17]
- House sparrow (Passer domesticus)[18]
- Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus)[19]
- Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata)[20]
- Red-whiskered bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus)[21]
Reptiles
- African rock python (Python sebae)[22][23]
- Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae)[24]
- Black spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis)[25]
- Brown anole (Anolis sagrei)[26]
- Burmese python (Python bivittatus)[27] see main article: Burmese pythons in Florida
- Common boa (Boa constrictor)[28][29]
- Common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)[30]
- Green iguana (Iguana iguana)[31]
- Mediterranean gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus)[32]
- Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus)
- Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)[33]
- Spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus)
Amphibians
- Cane toad (Rhinella marina)[34]
- Common coquí (Eleutherodactylus coqui)[35]
- Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis)[36]
- Greenhouse frog (Eleutherodactylus planirostris)[37]
Fish
- African jewelfish (Hemichromis letourneuxi)[38]
- Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus)[39]
- Blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus)[40]
- Black acara (Cichlasoma bimaculatum)[41]
- Bullseye snakehead (Channa marulius)[42]
- Clown featherback (Chitala ornata)[43]
- Lionfish (Pterois miles & P. volitans)[44][45]
- Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmum)[46]
- Northern snakehead (Channa argus)[47]
- Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus)[48]
- Pike killifish (Belonesox belizanus)[49]
- Spotted tilapia (Pelmatolapia mariae)[50]
- Walking catfish (Clarias batrachus)[51]
- Yellowfin goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus)[52]
- Asian carp (Cyprinus carpio)[53][54]
Invertebrates
- Metamasius callizona (Mexican bromeliad weevil) Potential Biodiversity Loss in Florida Bromeliad Phytotelmata due to Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an Invasive Species
- Euglossa dilemma (green orchid bee) green orchid bee - Euglossa dilemma Friese
- Pomacea maculata (island applesnail) giant applesnail (Pomacea maculata) - Species Profile
- Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) - Species Profile
- Lissachatina fulica (African giant land snail) New York Invasive Species Information – New York State's gateway to science-based invasive species information
- Marisa cornuarietis (Colombian ramshorn apple snail) Marisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn)
- Melanoides tuberculata (Red-rimmed melania) Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)
- Zachrysia provisoria (Cuban brown snail) Zachrysia provisoria (Cuban brown snail)
- Platydemus manokwari (New Guinea flatworm) Invasive New Guinea flatworm surfaces in PBC
- Amynthas agrestis (Crazy worm) Amynthas agrestis (crazy worm)
- Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)
- Aethina tumida (Small hive beetle) Aethina tumida
- Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly) Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly)
- Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)
- Apis mellifera scutellata (African bee) Apis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)
- Aulacaspis yasumatsui (Cycad aulacaspis scale) Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale)
- Cactoblastis cactorum (Cactus moth) Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth)
- Cerataphis lataniae (Palm aphid) Cerataphis lataniae (palm aphid)
- Cnestus mutilatus (Camphor shot borer) Xylosandrus mutilatus (camphor shoot beetle)
- Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite) Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite)
- Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite)[55]
- Cryptotermes brevis (Powderpost termite) Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)
- Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito) Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)
- Dinoderus minutus (Bamboo borer) Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer)
- Glycaspis brimblecombei (Red gum lerp psyllid) Glycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid)
- Harmonia axyridis (Harlequin ladybird) Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird)
- Heterotermes cardini (West Indian subterranean termite)[55]
- Hypogeococcus pungens (Cactus mealybug) Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug)
- Icerya purchasi (Cottony cushion scale) Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)
- Incisitermes minor (Western drywood termite)[55]
- Leptocybe invasa (Blue gum chalcid wasp) Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid)
- Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) Linepithema humile (Argentine ant)
- Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Pink hibiscus mealybug) Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)
- Nasutitermes corniger (Conehead termite)[55]
- Opogona sacchari (Banana moth) Opogona sacchari (banana moth)
- Paratachardina pseudolobata (Lobate lac scale) Paratachardina pseudolobata (lobate lac scale)TNC Global Invasive Species Team page
- Pheidole megacephala (Big-headed ant) Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)
- Phenacoccus solenopsis (Cotton mealybug) Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug)
- Raoiella indica (Red palm mite) Raoiella indica (red palm mite)
- Solenopsis invicta (Red imported fire ant) Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)
- Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost ant) Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)
- Trichomyrmex destructor (Singapore ant) Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant)
- Wasmannia auropunctata (Electric ant) Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant)
- Xanthogaleruca luteola (Elm leaf beetle) Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle)
- Xyleborinus saxeseni (Fruit-tree pinhole borer) Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer)
- Xylosandrus compactus (Black twig borer) Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer)
- Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle) Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)
- Bugula neritina (Brown bryozoan) Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan)
- Polyandrocarpa zorritensis Polyandrocarpa zorritensis
- Cordylophora caspia (Euryhaline hydroid) Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid)
- Tubastraea coccinea (Orange cup coral) Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)
Plants
According to the non-governmental organisation FLEPPC, the invasive species of plant in 2019 are the following list. Compared to older lists, a number of species have been removed when it became more apparent that they were in fact native to Florida or that their impact was less severe than feared by the organisation, while three or four species have been added in the last decade or so, and two species were originally misidentified. There are many more exotic species in Florida which occur as ornamental garden plants or garden escapes. FLEPPC has no legal authority, this list is merely a recommendation.[56][57] In Florida, a number of plant species are declared invasive species by either state of federal legislature. Most of these are water plants which are not listed below.
- Abrus precatorius
- Acacia auriculiformis
- Albizia julibrissin
- Albizia lebbeck
- Ardisia crenata
- Ardisia elliptica
- Asparagus aethiopicus
- Bauhinia variegata
- Bischofia javanica
- Brachiaria mutica syn. Urochloa mutica
- Calophyllum antillanum - possibly native
- Casuarina equisetifolia
- Casuarina glauca
- Cinnamomum camphora
- Colocasia esculenta
- Colubrina asiatica
- Cupaniopsis anacardioides
- Deparia petersenii
- Dioscorea alata
- Dioscorea bulbifera
- Eichhornia crassipes
- Eugenia uniflora - possibly native
- Ficus microcarpa
- Heptapleurum actinophyllum
- Hydrilla verticillata
- Hygrophila polysperma
- Hymenachne amplexicaulis
- Imperata cylindrica
- Ipomoea aquatica
- Jasminum dichotomum
- Jasminum fluminense
- Lantana strigocamara (traditionally misidentified as L. camara)
- Ligustrum lucidum
- Ligustrum sinense
- Lonicera japonica
- Ludwigia peruviana
- Lumnitzera racemosa
- Luziola subintegra
- Lygodium japonicum
- Lygodium microphyllum
- Macfadyena unguis-cati
- Manilkara zapota
- Melaleuca quinquenervia
- Melinis repens syn. Rhynchelytrum repens
- Microsorum grossum - previously misidentified as M. scolopendria
- Microstegium vimineum
- Mimosa pigra
- Nandina domestica
- Nephrolepis brownii
- Nephrolepis cordifolia
- Neyraudia reynaudiana
- Nymphoides cristata
- Paederia cruddasiana
- Paederia foetida
- Panicum repens
- Pennisetum purpureum
- Pistia - actually likely a native cryptogenic species, but listed as invasive[58][59]
- Psidium cattleianum
- Psidium guajava
- Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata
- Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
- Ruellia simplex (syn. R. brittoniana, R. tweediana, R. caerulea, R. simplex)
- Salvinia minima
- Scaevola taccada
- Schinus terebinthifolius - possibly native
- Scleria lacustris
- Scleria microcarpa
- Senna pendula var. glabrata
- Solanum tampicense
- Solanum viarum
- Sporobolus jacquemontii
- Syngonium podophyllum
- Syzygium cumini
- Tectaria incisa
- Thelypteris opulenta
- Thespesia populnea - possibly native
- Tradescantia fluminensis
- Tradescantia spathacea
- Triadica sebifera syn. Sapium sebiferum
- Urena lobata
- Vitex rotundifolia
See also
References
- ↑ "Florida's Exotic Fish and Wildlife". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Rattus norvegicus (brown rat)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Rattus rattus (black rat)".
- ↑ "Axis axis (Indian spotted deer)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Land Mammals - House Mouse". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Wild Hog". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ http://myfwc.com/media/1348637/Domestic_Cats_whitepaper.pdf
- ↑ "Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)" (PDF). Florida State Parks. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ↑ "Vulpes vulpes (red fox)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ Tilmant, James T. (September 1980). Investigations of Rodent Damage to the Thatch Palms Thrinax morrisii and Thrinax radiata on Elliott Key, Biscayne National Park, Florida (PDF). Everglades National Park, South Florida Research Center (Technical report). National Park Service. M-589.
- ↑ Palmer, Geoffrey H.; Koprowski, John L.; Pernas, Anthony J. (February 2014). "Distribution and spread of an introduced insular population of red-bellied squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) in Florida". Mammalia. 78 (1): 67–73. doi:10.1515/mammalia-2012-0141. S2CID 53685731. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
- ↑ "Rhesus Macaque". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ Ober, Holly K.; DeGroote, Lucas W.; Mizell, Russell F. (2 November 2017). "Baiting the Nine-Banded Armadillo". UF/IFAS Extension. University of Florida. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ↑ Taulman, J F; Robbins, L W (1996). "Recent range expansion and distributional limits of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in the United States". Journal of Biogeography. 23 (5): 635–648. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.1996.tb00024.x.
- ↑ Tracey, John; Gehrke, Brandon (2022). "Sturnus vulgaris (common starling)". CABI Compendium. CABI Compendium: 51979. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.51979. S2CID 253611022.
- ↑ "Sturnus Vulgaris (European starling)". www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/European_starling/overview.
- ↑ "Columba livia (pigeons)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Passer domesticus (house sparrow)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Pavo cristatas (Peacock)". sciencing.com.
- ↑ "cairina moschata (muscovy duck)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Northern African Python". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Python sebae (African rock python)". www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/florida-snake-id/snake/african-rock-python/. 17 August 2020.
- ↑ "WEC295/UW340: Florida Invader: Tegu Lizard".
- ↑ "Ctenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Brown anole". www.tsusinvasives.org. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ↑ http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/nonnatives/reptiles/burmese-python/
- ↑ "Boa constrictor imperator". Global Invasive Species Database.
- ↑ "Boa constrictor (common boa)". www.nationalgeographic.com/animal/reptile/fact/boa-constrictor. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021.
- ↑ "Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ Krysko, Kenneth L; Enge, Kevin M; Donlan, Ellen M; Seitz, Jason C (2007), "Distribution, Natural History, and Impacts of the Introduced Green Iguana in Florida", Iguana: Conservation, Natural History, and Husbandry of Reptiles, International Reptile Conservation Foundation, 14 (3): 142–151
- ↑ https://ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu/InvaderUpdater/pdfs/InvaderUpdater_Summer2015.pdf
- ↑ "Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw345
- ↑ "Eleutherodactylus coqui (Caribbean tree frog)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "WEC320/UW365: The Invasion of Exotic Reptiles and Amphibians in Florida".
- ↑ "Greenhouse Frog (Eleutherodactylus planirostris)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Hemichromis letourneuxi (African jewelfish)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Blue Tilapia". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Black Acara". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Bullseye Snakehead". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Clown Knifefish". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ↑ "Lionfish: An Invasive Species".
- ↑ "lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
- ↑ "Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Channa argus argus (northern snakehead)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Astronotus ocellatus (oscar)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Pike Killifish (Belonesox belizanus) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
- ↑ "Tilapia mariae (spotted tilapia)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Clarias batrachus (walking catfish)". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Acanthogobius flavimanus". www.cabi.org.
- ↑ "Cyprinus carpio". Global Invasive Species Database.
- ↑ "Cyprinus carpio". www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatic/fish-and-other-vertebrates/asian-carp.
- 1 2 3 4 Chouvenc, Thomas, Rudolf H. Scheffrahn, and Lyle Buss. "Termite Species Distribution in Florida and UF Termite Identification Services: ENY-2079/IN1360, 05/2022." EDIS 2022.3 (2022)
- ↑ "List of invasive plant species" (PDF). Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2013.
- ↑ http://bugwoodcloud.org/CDN/fleppc/plantlists/2019/2019_Plant_List_ABSOLUTE_FINAL.pdf
- ↑ Evans, Jason M. (2013). "Pistia stratiotes L. in the Florida Peninsula: Biogeographic Evidence and Conservation Implications of Native Tenure for an ′Invasive′ Aquatic Plant". Conservation and Society. 11 (3): 233. doi:10.4103/0972-4923.121026. ISSN 0972-4923.
- ↑ "Invasive Species: Aquatic Species - Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)". National Invasive Species Information Center. National Agricultural Library, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2014-03-22.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.