Ng
ڭ ݣ
Usage
Writing systemArabic script
TypeAbjad
Language of originOttoman Turkish
Phonetic usage[ŋ]
Unicode codepointU+0763, U+06AD
History
Development
D46
  • Khof
    • 𐤊
      • 𐡊
          • كـ ك
            • ڭ ݣ
Sisters
Other
Writing directionRight-to-left

Ng or Naf (ݣ or ڭ) is an additional letter of the Arabic script, derived from kāf (ك ک) with the addition of three dots above the letter. The letter was used in Ottoman Turkish to represent a velar /ŋ/ and is still used for /ŋ/ when writing Turkic languages.

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ݣ ـݣ ـݣـ ݣـ
Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ڭ ـڭ ـڭـ ڭـ

Usage

In Ottoman Turkish, it represented the velar /ŋ/. An example is the word däŋiz (دݣز, 'sea'). The letter is used or has been used to write /ŋ/ in:

It is also used in Moroccan Arabic for /ɡ/.

The Xiao'erjing script variant ݣ is used to spell /ŋ/ in Sinitic languages such as Mandarin (especially the Lanyin, Zhongyuan and Northeastern dialects) and the Dungan language.

Other characters used to represent /ŋ/

Southeast Asian nga

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ڠ ـڠ ـڠـ ڠـ

This letter, derived from ghayn (غ), is used to represent /ŋ/ in:

Wolof ngōn

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ݝ ـݝ ـݝـ ݝـ

This letter is also derived from ghayn. Called ngōn (IPA: [ŋɔːn]), it is used in the Wolofal alphabet to represent /ŋ/ in the Wolof language.[2][3] Two variants of kāf were also used: ڭ as in Turkic, and ݤ‎ below.

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ݤ ـݤ ـݤـ ݤـ

Tamil nga

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help)
ـࢳ ـࢳـ ࢳـ

This letter is also derived from ghayn, with three dots inside the descender, to represent /ŋ/ in the Arwi script used for Tamil.

See also


References

  1. Daftar Kata Bahasa Melayu Rumi-Sebutan-Jawi, Dewan Bahasa Pustaka, 5th printing, 2006.
  2. Priest, Lorna A; Hosken, Martin; SIL International (12 August 2010). "Proposal to add Arabic script characters for African and Asian languages" (PDF). pp. 13–18, 34–37.
  3. Currah, Galien (26 August 2015) ORTHOGRAPHE WOLOFAL. Link (Archive)
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