Radeon
Release date1 April 2000 (2000-04-01) by ATI Technologies
Manufactured byTSMC
Designed byATI (2000-2006)
AMD (2006-present)
Models2000–02: Radeon 7000, 8000, 9000 series
Transistors
R100 30M   180 nm
R200 60M 150 nm
R360 117M 150 nm
R481 160M 130 nm
RV410 120M 110 nm
R580 384M 80 nm
R600 700M 80 nm
RV670 666M 55 nm
RV790 959M 55 nm
Cypress 2,154M 40 nm
Cayman 2,640M 40 nm
Tahiti 4,313M 28 nm
Hawaii 6,200M 28 nm
Fiji 8,900M 28 nm
Polaris 5,700M 14 nm
Vega 12,500M 14 nm
Vega II 13,230M 7 nm
Navi  10,300M 7 nm
Navi 2X  26,800M 7 nm
Navi 3X  58,000M 5 nm
Fabrication process180 nm to TSMC N5
History
PredecessorRage

Radeon (/ˈreɪdiɒn/) is a brand of computer products, including graphics processing units, random-access memory, RAM disk software, and solid-state drives, produced by Radeon Technologies Group, a division of AMD.[1] The brand was launched in 2000 by ATI Technologies, which was acquired by AMD in 2006 for US$5.4 billion.

Radeon Graphics

Radeon Graphics is the successor to the Rage line. Three different families of microarchitectures can be roughly distinguished, the fixed-pipeline family, the unified shader model-families of TeraScale and Graphics Core Next. ATI/AMD have developed different technologies, such as TruForm, HyperMemory, HyperZ, XGP, Eyefinity for multi-monitor setups, PowerPlay for power-saving, CrossFire (for multi-GPU) or Hybrid Graphics. A range of SIP blocks is also to be found on certain models in the Radeon products line: Unified Video Decoder, Video Coding Engine and TrueAudio.

The brand was previously only known as "ATI Radeon" until August 2010, when it was renamed to increase AMD's brand awareness on a global scale.[2] Products up to and including the HD 5000 series are branded as ATI Radeon, while the HD 6000 series and beyond use the new AMD Radeon branding.[3]

On 11 September 2015, AMD's GPU business was split into a separate unit known as Radeon Technologies Group, with Raja Koduri as Senior Vice President and chief architect.[1][4]

Radeon Graphics card brands

AMD does not distribute Radeon cards directly to consumers (though some exceptions can be found).[5] Instead, it sells Radeon GPUs to third-party manufacturers, who build and sell the Radeon-based video cards to the OEM and retail channels. Manufacturers of the Radeon cards—some of whom also make motherboards—include ASRock, Asus, Biostar, Club 3D, Diamond, Force3D, Gainward, Gigabyte, HIS, MSI, PowerColor, Sapphire, VisionTek, and XFX.

Graphics processor generations

Generations timeline
  Fixed-pipeline family
  TeraScale-family
  Graphics Core Next-family
  RDNA-family
2000Radeon R100
2001Radeon R200
2002Radeon R300
2003
2004Radeon R400
2005Radeon R500
2006
2007Radeon R600
Radeon RV670
2008Radeon R700
2009Evergreen
2010Northern Islands
2011
2012Southern Islands
2013Sea Islands
2014
2015Volcanic Islands
2016Arctic Islands
2017Vega
2018
2019Navi
2020Navi 2X
2021
2022Navi 3X

Early generations were identified with a number and major/minor alphabetic prefix. Later generations were assigned code names. New or heavily redesigned architectures have a prefix of R (e.g., R300 or R600) while slight modifications are indicated by the RV prefix (e.g., RV370 or RV635).

The first derivative architecture, RV200, did not follow the scheme used by later parts.

Fixed-pipeline family

R100/RV200

The Radeon, first introduced in 2000, was ATI's first graphics processor to be fully DirectX 7 compliant. R100 brought with it large gains in bandwidth and fill-rate efficiency through the new HyperZ technology.

The RV200 was a die-shrink of the former R100 with some core logic tweaks for clockspeed, introduced in 2002. The only release in this generation was the Radeon 7500, which introduced little in the way of new features but offered substantial performance improvements over its predecessors.

R200

ATI's second generation Radeon included a sophisticated pixel shader architecture. This chipset implemented Microsoft's pixel shader 1.4 specification for the first time.

Its performance relative to competitors was widely perceived as weak, and subsequent revisions of this generation were cancelled in order to focus on development of the next generation.

R300/R350

The R300 was the first GPU to fully support Microsoft's DirectX 9.0 technology upon its release in 2001. It incorporated fully programmable pixel and vertex shaders.

About a year later, the architecture was revised to allow for higher frequencies, more efficient memory access, and several other improvements in the R350 family. A budget line of RV350 products was based on this refreshed design with some elements disabled or removed.

Models using the new PCI Express interface were introduced in 2004. Using 110-nm and 130-nm manufacturing technologies under the X300 and X600 names, respectively, the RV370 and RV380 graphics processors were used extensively by consumer PC manufacturers.

R420

While heavily based upon the previous generation, this line included extensions to the Shader Model 2 feature-set. Shader Model 2b, the specification ATI and Microsoft defined with this generation, offered somewhat more shader program flexibility.

R520

ATI's DirectX 9.0c series of graphics cards, with complete shader Model 3.0 support. Launched in October 2005, this series brought a number of enhancements including the floating point render target technology necessary for HDR rendering with anti-aliasing.

TeraScale-family

R600

ATI's first series of GPUs to replace the old fixed-pipeline and implement unified shader model. Subsequent revisions tuned the design for higher performance and energy efficiency, resulting in the ATI Mobility Radeon HD series for mobile computers.

R700

Based on the R600 architecture. Mostly a bolstered with many more stream processors, with improvements to power consumption and GDDR5 support for the high-end RV770 and RV740(HD4770) chips. It arrived in late June 2008. The HD 4850 and HD 4870 have 800 stream processors and GDDR3 and GDDR5 memory, respectively. The 4890 was a refresh of 4870 with the same amount of stream processors yet higher clock rates due to refinements. The 4870x2 has 1600 stream processors and GDDR5 memory on an effective 512-bit memory bus with 230.4 Gbit/s video memory bandwidth available.

Evergreen

The series was launched on 23 September 2009. It featured a 40 nm fabrication process for the entire product line (only the HD4770 (RV740) was built on this process previously), with more stream cores and compatibility with the next major version of the DirectX API, DirectX 11, which launched on 22 October 2009 along with Microsoft Windows 7. The Rxxx/RVxxx codename scheme was scrapped entirely. The initial launch consisted of only the 5870 and 5850 models. ATI released beta drivers that introduced full OpenGL 4.0 support on all variants of this series in March 2010.[6]

Northern Islands

Radeon logo from 2011 to 2013

This is the first series to be marketed solely under the "AMD" brand. It features a 3rd generation 40 nm design, rebalancing the existing architecture with redesigned shaders to give it better performance. It was released first on 22 October 2010, in the form of the 6850 and 6870. 3D output is enabled with HDMI 1.4a and DisplayPort 1.2 outputs.

Graphics Core Next-family

AMD Radeon logo from 26 May 2016[7] – 27 October 2020

Southern Islands

"Southern Islands" was the first series to feature the new compute microarchitecture known as "Graphics Core Next"(GCN). GCN was used among the higher end cards, while the VLIW5 architecture utilized in the previous generation was used in the lower end, OEM products. However, the Radeon HD 7790 uses GCN 2, and was the first product in the series to be released by AMD on 9 January 2012.

Sea Islands

The "Sea Islands" were OEM rebadges of the 7000 series, with only three products, code named Oland, available for general retail. The series, just like the "Southern Islands", used a mixture of VLIW5 models and GCN models for its desktop products.

Volcanic Islands

"Volcanic Islands" GPUs were introduced with the AMD Radeon Rx 200 Series, and were first released in late 2013.[8] The Radeon Rx 200 line is mainly based on AMD's GCN architecture, with the lower end, OEM cards still using VLIW5. The majority of desktop products use GCN 1, while the R9 290x/290 & R7 260X/260 use GCN 2, and with only the R9 285 using the new GCN 3.[9]

Caribbean Islands

GPUs codenamed "Caribbean Islands"[10] were introduced with the AMD Radeon Rx 300 Series, released in 2015. This series was the first to solely use GCN based models, ranging from GCN 1st to GCN 3rd Gen, including the GCN 3-based Fiji-architecture models named Fury X, Fury, Nano and the Radeon Pro Duo.

Arctic Islands

GPUs codenamed "Arctic Islands" were first introduced with the Radeon RX 400 Series in June 2016 with the announcement of the RX 480.[11] These cards were the first to use the new Polaris chips which implements GCN 4th Gen on the 14 nm fab process. The RX 500 Series released in April 2017 also uses Polaris chips.[12]

Vega

RDNA-family

RDNA 1

On 27 May 2019, at COMPUTEX 2019, AMD announced the new 'RDNA' graphics micro-architecture,[13] which is to succeed the Graphics Core Next micro-architecture. This is the basis for the Radeon RX 5700-series graphics cards, the first to be built under the codename 'Navi'. These cards feature GDDR6 SGRAM and support for PCI Express 4.0.

RDNA 2

On 5 March 2020, AMD publicly announced its plan to release a "refresh" of the RDNA micro-architecture.[14] Dubbed as the RDNA 2 architecture, it was stated to succeed the first-gen RDNA micro-architecture and was initially scheduled for a release in Q4 2020. RDNA 2 was confirmed as the graphics microarchitecture featured in the Xbox Series X and Series S consoles[15] from Microsoft, and PlayStation 5[16] from Sony, with proprietary tweaks and different GPU configurations in each systems' implementation.

AMD unveiled the Radeon RX 6000 series, its next-gen RDNA 2 graphics cards at an online event on 28 October 2020.[17][18] The lineup consists of the RX 6800, RX 6800 XT and RX 6900 XT.[19][20] The RX 6800 and 6800 XT launched on 18 November 2020, with the RX 6900 XT being released on 8 December 2020.[21] Further variants including a Radeon RX 6700 (XT) series based on Navi 22, launched on 18 March 2021, a Radeon RX 6600(XT) series based on Navi 23, launched on 11 August 2021 (that is the 6600XT release date, the RX 6600 launched on 13 October 2021), and a Radeon RX 6500(XT), launched on 19 January 2022.[22][23][24][25][26]

API overview

Some generations vary from their predecessors predominantly due to architectural improvements, while others were adapted primarily to new manufacturing processes with fewer functional changes. The table below summarizes the APIs supported in each Radeon generation. Also see AMD FireStream and AMD FirePro branded products. The following table shows the graphics and compute APIs support across AMD GPU micro-architectures. Note that a branding series might include older generation chips.

Chip series Micro­architecture Fab Supported APIs AMD support Year introduced Introduced with
Rendering Computing / ROCm
Vulkan[27] OpenGL[28] Direct3D HSA OpenCL
Wonder Fixed-pipeline[lower-alpha 1] 1000 nm
800 nm		 — — — — — Ended 1986
Mach 800 nm
600 nm		 1991
3D Rage 500 nm 5.0 1996 3D Rage
Rage Pro 350 nm 1.1 6.0 1997 Rage Pro
Rage 128 250 nm 1.2 1998 Rage 128 GL/VR
R100 180 nm
150 nm		 1.3 7.0 2000 Radeon
R200 Programmable
pixel & vertex
pipelines		 150 nm 8.1 2001 Radeon 8500
R300 150 nm
130 nm
110 nm		 2.0[lower-alpha 2] 9.0
11 (FL 9_2)		 2002 Radeon 9700
R420 130 nm
110 nm		 9.0b
11 (FL 9_2)		 2004 Radeon X800
R520 90 nm
80 nm		 9.0c
11 (FL 9_3)		 2005 Radeon X1800
R600 TeraScale 1 80 nm
65 nm		 3.3 10.0
11 (FL 10_0)		 ATI Stream 2007 Radeon HD 2900 XT
RV670 55 nm 10.1
11 (FL 10_1)		 ATI Stream APP[29] Radeon HD 3850/3870
RV770 55 nm
40 nm		 1.0 2008 Radeon HD 4850/4870
Evergreen TeraScale 2 40 nm 4.5
(Linux 4.2)
[30][31][32][lower-alpha 3]		 11 (FL 11_0) 1.2 2009 Radeon HD 5850/5870
Northern Islands TeraScale 2
TeraScale 3		 2010 Radeon HD 6850/6870
Radeon HD 6950/6970
Southern Islands GCN 1st gen 28 nm 1.0 4.6 11 (FL 11_1)
12 (FL11_1)		 Yes 1.2
2.0 possible		 2012 Radeon HD 7950/7970
Sea Islands GCN 2nd gen 1.2 11 (FL 12_0)
12 (FL 12_0)		 2.0
(1.2 in MacOS, Linux)
2.1 Beta in Linux ROCm
2.2 possible		 2013 Radeon HD 7790
Volcanic Islands GCN 3rd gen 2014 Radeon R9 285
Polaris GCN 4th gen 14 nm 1.2

1.3 (GCN 4)

 Current 2016 Radeon RX 480
Vega GCN 5th gen 14 nm
7 nm		 1.3 11 (FL 12_1)
12 (FL 12_1)		 2017 Radeon Vega Frontier Edition
Navi RDNA 7 nm 2019 Radeon RX 5700 (XT)
Navi 2X RDNA 2 7 nm
6 nm		 11 (FL 12_1)
12 (FL 12_2)		 2020 Radeon RX 6800 (XT)
Navi 3X RDNA 3 6 nm
5 nm		  ?  ? 2022 Radeon RX 7900 XT(X)
  1. ↑ Radeon 7000 Series has programmable pixel shaders, but do not fully comply with DirectX 8 or Pixel Shader 1.0. See article on R100's pixel shaders.
  2. ↑ These series do not fully comply with OpenGL 2+ as the hardware does not support all types of non-power-of-two (NPOT) textures.
  3. ↑ OpenGL 4+ compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders and these are emulated on some TeraScale chips using 32-bit hardware.

[33][34][35]

Feature overview

The following table shows features of AMD/ATI's GPUs (see also: List of AMD graphics processing units).

Name of GPU series Wonder Mach 3D Rage Rage Pro Rage 128 R100 R200 R300 R400 R500 R600 RV670 R700 Evergreen Northern
Islands		 Southern
Islands		 Sea
Islands		 Volcanic
Islands		 Arctic
Islands/Polaris		 Vega Navi 1x Navi 2x Navi 3x
Released 1986 1991 Apr
1996		 Mar
1997		 Aug
1998		 Apr
2000		 Aug
2001		 Sep
2002		 May
2004		 Oct
2005		 May
2007		 Nov
2007		 Jun
2008		 Sep
2009		 Oct
2010		 Jan
2012		 Sep
2013		 Jun
2015		 Jun 2016, Apr 2017, Aug 2019 Jun 2017, Feb 2019 Jul
2019		 Nov
2020		 Dec
2022
Marketing Name Wonder Mach 3D
Rage		 Rage
Pro		 Rage
128		 Radeon
7000		 Radeon
8000		 Radeon
9000		 Radeon
X700/X800		 Radeon
X1000		 Radeon
HD 2000		 Radeon
HD 3000		 Radeon
HD 4000		 Radeon
HD 5000		 Radeon
HD 6000		 Radeon
HD 7000		 Radeon
200		 Radeon
300		 Radeon
400/500/600		 Radeon
RX Vega, Radeon VII		 Radeon
RX 5000		 Radeon
RX 6000		 Radeon
RX 7000
AMD support Ended Current
Kind 2D 3D
Instruction set architecture Not publicly known TeraScale instruction set GCN instruction set RDNA instruction set
Microarchitecture TeraScale 1
(VLIW)		 TeraScale 2
(VLIW5)
TeraScale 2
(VLIW5)
up to 68xx		TeraScale 3
(VLIW4)
in 69xx [36][37]
 GCN 1st
gen		 GCN 2nd
gen		 GCN 3rd
gen		 GCN 4th
gen		 GCN 5th
gen		 RDNA RDNA 2 RDNA 3
Type Fixed pipeline[lower-alpha 1] Programmable pixel & vertex pipelines Unified shader model
Direct3D — 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.1 9.0
11 (9_2)		 9.0b
11 (9_2)		 9.0c
11 (9_3)		 10.0
11 (10_0)		 10.1
11 (10_1)		 11 (11_0) 11 (11_1)
12 (11_1)		 11 (12_0)
12 (12_0)		 11 (12_1)
12 (12_1)		 11 (12_1)
12 (12_2)
Shader model — 1.4 2.0+ 2.0b 3.0 4.0 4.1 5.0 5.1 5.1
6.5		 6.7
OpenGL — 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1[lower-alpha 2][38] 3.3 4.5 (on Linux: 4.5 (Mesa 3D 21.0))[39][40][41][lower-alpha 3] 4.6 (on Linux: 4.6 (Mesa 3D 20.0))
Vulkan — 1.0
(Win 7+ or Mesa 17+)		 1.2 (Adrenalin 20.1.2, Linux Mesa 3D 20.0)
1.3 (GCN 4 and above (with Adrenalin 22.1.2, Mesa 22.0))		 1.3
OpenCL — Close to Metal 1.1 (no Mesa 3D support) 1.2+ (on Linux: 1.1+ (no Image support on clover, with by rustiCL) with Mesa 3D, 1.2+ on GCN 1.Gen) 2.0+ (Adrenalin driver on Win7+)
(on Linux ROCM, Linux Mesa 3D 1.2+ (no Image support in clover, but in rustiCL with Mesa 3D, 2.0+ and 3.0 with AMD drivers or AMD ROCm), 5th gen: 2.2 win 10+ and Linux RocM 5.0+		 2.2+ and 3.0 windows 8.1+ and Linux ROCM 5.0+ (Mesa 3D rustiCL 1.2+ and 3.0 (2.1+ and 2.2+ wip))[42][43][44]
HSA / ROCm — Yes ?
Video decoding ASIC — Avivo/UVD UVD+ UVD 2 UVD 2.2 UVD 3 UVD 4 UVD 4.2 UVD 5.0 or 6.0 UVD 6.3 UVD 7 [45][lower-alpha 4] VCN 2.0 [45][lower-alpha 4] VCN 3.0 [46] VCN 4.0
Video encoding ASIC — VCE 1.0 VCE 2.0 VCE 3.0 or 3.1 VCE 3.4 VCE 4.0 [45][lower-alpha 4]
Fluid Motion [lower-alpha 5] No Yes No ?
Power saving ? PowerPlay PowerTune PowerTune & ZeroCore Power ?
TrueAudio — Via dedicated DSP Via shaders
FreeSync — 1
2
HDCP[lower-alpha 6] ? 1.4 2.2 2.3 [47]
PlayReady[lower-alpha 6] — 3.0 No 3.0
Supported displays[lower-alpha 7] 1–2 2 2–6 ?
Max. resolution ? 2–6 ×
2560×1600		 2–6 ×
4096×2160 @ 30 Hz		 2–6 ×
5120×2880 @ 60 Hz		 3 ×
7680×4320 @ 60 Hz [48]
7680×4320 @ 60 Hz PowerColor		 7680x4320

@165 HZ

/drm/radeon[lower-alpha 8] Yes —
/drm/amdgpu[lower-alpha 8] — Experimental [49] Optional [50] Yes
  1. ↑ The Radeon 100 Series has programmable pixel shaders, but do not fully comply with DirectX 8 or Pixel Shader 1.0. See article on R100's pixel shaders.
  2. ↑ R300, R400 and R500 based cards do not fully comply with OpenGL 2+ as the hardware does not support all types of non-power of two (NPOT) textures.
  3. ↑ OpenGL 4+ compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders and these are emulated on some TeraScale chips using 32-bit hardware.
  4. 1 2 3 The UVD and VCE were replaced by the Video Core Next (VCN) ASIC in the Raven Ridge APU implementation of Vega.
  5. ↑ Video processing for video frame rate interpolation technique. In Windows it works as a DirectShow filter in your player. In Linux, there is no support on the part of drivers and / or community.
  6. 1 2 To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup.
  7. ↑ More displays may be supported with native DisplayPort connections, or splitting the maximum resolution between multiple monitors with active converters.
  8. 1 2 DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. AMDgpu is the Linux kernel module. Support in this table refers to the most current version.

Graphics device drivers

AMD's proprietary graphics "Radeon Software" (Formerly Catalyst)

On 24 November 2015, AMD released a new version of their graphics driver following the formation of the Radeon Technologies Group (RTG) to provide extensive software support for their graphics cards. This driver, labelled Radeon Software Crimson Edition, overhauls the UI with Qt, resulting in better responsiveness from a design and system perspective. It includes a new interface featuring a game manager, clocking tools, and sections for different technologies.[51]

Unofficial modifications such as Omega drivers and DNA drivers were available. These drivers typically consist of mixtures of various driver file versions with some registry variables altered and are advertised as offering superior performance or image quality. They are, of course, unsupported, and as such, are not guaranteed to function correctly. Some of them also provide modified system files for hardware enthusiasts to run specific graphics cards outside of their specifications.

On operating systems

AMD Catalyst was based on a proprietary binary blob.
The unified kernel-mode driver (DRM/KMS) is utilized by Catalyst and by Mesa 3D.[52] amdkfd was mainlined into Linux kernel 3.19.[53]

Radeon Software is being developed for Microsoft Windows and Linux. As of January 2019, other operating systems are not officially supported. This may be different for the AMD FirePro brand, which is based on identical hardware but features OpenGL-certified graphics device drivers.

ATI previously offered driver updates for their retail and integrated Macintosh video cards and chipsets. ATI stopped support for Mac OS 9 after the Radeon R200 cards, making the last officially supported card the Radeon 9250. The Radeon R100 cards up to the Radeon 7200 can still be used with even older classic Mac OS versions such as System 7, although not all features are taken advantage of by the older operating system.[54]

Ever since ATI's acquisition by AMD, ATI no longer supplies or supports drivers for classic Mac OS nor macOS. macOS drivers can be downloaded from Apple's support website, while classic Mac OS drivers can be obtained from 3rd party websites that host the older drivers for users to download. ATI used to provide a preference panel for use in macOS called ATI Displays which can be used both with retail and OEM versions of its cards. Though it gives more control over advanced features of the graphics chipset, ATI Displays has limited functionality compared to Catalyst for Windows or Linux.

Third-party free and open-source "Radeon"

The free and open-source for Direct Rendering Infrastructure has been under constant development by the Linux kernel developers, by 3rd party programming enthusiasts and by AMD employees. It is composed out of five parts:

  1. Linux kernel component DRM
    • this part received dynamic re-clocking support in Linux kernel version 3.12 and its performance has become comparable to that of AMD Catalyst
  2. Linux kernel component KMS driver: basically the device driver for the display controller
  3. user-space component libDRM
  4. user-space component in Mesa 3D; currently most of these components are written conforming to the Gallium3D-specifications.
    • all drivers in Mesa 3D with Version 10.x (last 10.6.7) are as of September 2014 limited to OpenGL version 3.3 and OpenGL ES 3.0.
    • all drivers in Mesa 3D with Version 11.x (last 11.2.2) are as of Mai 2016 limited to OpenGL version 4.1 and OpenGL ES 3.0 or 3.1 (11.2+).
    • all drivers in Mesa 3D with version 12.x (in June 2016) can support OpenGL version 4.3.[55]
    • all drivers in Mesa 3D with Version 13.0.x ( in November 2016) can support OpenGL 4.4 and unofficial 4.5.
    • all drivers in Mesa 3D with Version 17.0.x ( in January 2017) can support OpenGL 4.5 and OpenGL ES 3.2
    • Actual Hardware Support for different MESA versions see: glxinfo [56]
    • AMD R600/700 since Mesa 10.1: OpenGL 3.3+, OpenGL ES 3.0+ (+: some more Features of higher Levels and Mesa Version)
    • AMD R800/900 (Evergreen, Northern Islands): OpenGL 4.1+ (Mesa 13.0+), OpenGL ES 3.0+ (Mesa 10.3+)
    • AMD GCN (Southern/Sea Islands and newer): OpenGL 4.5+ (Mesa 17.0+), OpenGL ES 3.2+ (Mesa 18.0+), Vulkan 1.0 (Mesa 17.0+), Vulkan 1.1 (GCN 2nd Gen+, Mesa 18.1+)
  5. a special and distinct 2D graphics device driver for X.Org Server, which is finally about to be replaced by Glamor
  6. OpenCL with GalliumCompute (previous Clover) is not full developed in 1.0, 1.1 and only parts of 1.2. Some OpenCL conformance tests were failed in 1.0 and 1.1, most in 1.2. ROCm is developed by AMD and Open Source. OpenCL 1.2 is full supported with OpenCL 2.0 language. Only CPU or GCN-Hardware with PCIe 3.0 is supported. So GCN 3rd Gen. or higher is here full usable for OpenCL 1.2 software.

Supported features

The free and open-source driver supports many of the features available in Radeon-branded cards and APUs, such as multi-monitor or hybrid graphics.

Linux

The free and open-source drivers are primarily developed on Linux and for Linux.

Other operating systems

Being entirely free and open-source software, the free and open-source drivers can be ported to any existing operating system. Whether they have been, and to what extent depends entirely on the man-power available. Available support shall be referenced here.

FreeBSD adopted DRI, and since Mesa 3D is not programmed for Linux, it should have identical support.

MorphOS supports 2D and 3D acceleration for Radeon R100, R200 and R300 chipsets.[57]

AmigaOS 4 supports Radeon R100, R200, R300,[58] R520 (X1000 Series), R700 (HD 4000 Series), HD 5000 (Evergreen) series, HD 6000 (Northern Islands) series and HD 7000 (Southern Islands) series.[59] The RadeonHD AmigaOS 4 driver has been developed by Hans de Ruiter[60] funded and owned by A-EON Technology Ltd. The older R100 and R200 "ATIRadeon" driver for AmigaOS, originally developed Forefront Technologies has been acquired by A-EON Technology Ltd in 2015.

In the past ATI provided hardware and technical documentation to the Haiku Project to produce drivers with full 2D and video in/out support on older Radeon chipsets (up to R500) for Haiku. A new Radeon HD driver was developed with the unofficial and indirect guidance of AMD open source engineers and currently exists in recent Haiku versions. The new Radeon HD driver supports native mode setting on R600 through Southern Islands GPU's.[61]

Embedded GPU products

AMD (and its predecessor ATI) have released a series of embedded GPUs targeted toward medical, entertainment, and display devices.

Model Released Shaders (Compute Units) FP power Single Precision Memory Memory band-with Memory clock OpenGL Version OpenCL Version DirectX Version Vulkan UVD Power Output
E9550 (Polaris, GCN 4)[62] 2016-09-27 2304 (36 CU) 5834 GFLOPS 8 GB GDDR5 256 Bit 2000 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 95 Watt MXM-B
E9260 (GCN 4)[63] 2016-09-27 896 (14 CU) 2150 GFLOPS 4 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1750 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 50 W PCIe 3.0, MXM-A
E9171 MCM (GCN 4)[64] 2017-10-03 512 (8 CU) 1248 GFLOPS 4 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 40 W PCIe 3.0 x8
E9172 MXM (GCN 4)[65] 2017-10-03 512 (8 CU) 1248 GFLOPS 2 GB GDDR5 64 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 35 W MXM-A 3.0
E9173 PCIe (GCN 4)[66] 2017-10-03 512 (8 CU) 1248 GFLOPS 2 GB GDDR5 64 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 35 W PCIe 3.0 x8
E9174 MXM (GCN 4)[67] 2017-10-03 512 (8 CU) 1248 GFLOPS 4 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 50 W MXM-A 3.0
E9175 PCIe (GCN 4)[68] 2017-10-03 512 (8 CU) 1248 GFLOPS 4 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 6.3 50 W PCIe 3.0 x8
E8950 (GCN 3)[69] 2015-09-29 2048 (32 CU) 3010 GFLOPS 8 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 4.2 95 W MXM-B
E8870 (GCN 2)[70] 2015-09-29 768 (12 CU) 1536 GFLOPS 4 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1500 MHz 4.5 2.0 12 1.1 4.2 75 W PCIe 3.0, MXM-B
E8860 (GCN 1)[71][72][73] 2014-01-25 640 (10 CU) 800 GFLOPS 2 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 1125 MHz 4.5 1.2 12.0 1.0 3.1 37 W PCIe 3.0, MXM-B
E6760 (Turks)[74][75] 2011-05-02 480 (6 CU) 576 GFLOPS 1 GB GDDR5 128 Bit 800 MHz 4.3 1.2 11 N/A 3.0 35 W PCIe 2.1, MXM-A, MCM
E6465 (Caicos)[76][77] 2015-09-29 160 (2 CU) 192 GFLOPS 2 GB GDDR5 64 Bit 800 MHz 4.5 1.2 11.1 N/A 3.0 < 20 W PCIe 2.1, MXM-A, MCM
E6460 (Caicos)[78][79] 2011-04-07 160 (2 CU) 192 GFLOPS 512 MB GDDR5 64 Bit 800 MHz 4.5 1.2 11.1 N/A 3.0 16 W PCIe 2.1, MXM-A, MCM
E4690 (RV730)[80] 2009-06-01 320 (4 CU) 388 GFLOPS 512 MB GDDR3 128 Bit 700 MHz 3.3 1.0 10.1 N/A 2.2 30 W MXM-II
E2400 (RV610)[81] 2006-07-28 40 (2 CU) 48 GFLOPS 128 MB GDDR3 64 Bit 700 MHz 3.3 ATI Stream 10.0 N/A 1.0 25 W MXM-II

Radeon Memory

In August 2011, AMD expanded the Radeon name to include random access memory modules under the AMD Memory line. The initial releases included 3 types of 2GiB DDR3 SDRAM modules: Entertainment (1333 MHz, CL9 9-9), UltraPro Gaming (1600 MHz, CL11 11-11) and Enterprise (specs to be determined).[82]

On May 8, 2013, AMD announced the release of Radeon RG2133 Gamer Series Memory.[83]

Radeon R9 2400 Gamer Series Memory was released on January 16, 2014.[84][85]

Production

Dataram Corporation is manufacturing RAM for AMD.[86]

Radeon RAMDisk

On September 6, 2012, Dataram Corporation announced it has entered into a formal agreement with AMD to develop an AMD-branded version of Dataram's RAMDisk software under the name Radeon RAMDisk, targeting gaming enthusiasts seeking exponential improvements in game load times leading to an enhanced gaming experience.[87] The freeware version of Radeon RAMDisk software supports Windows Vista and later with minimum 4GiB memory, and supports maximum of 4GiB RAM disk[88] (6GiB if AMD Radeon Value, Entertainment, Performance Edition or Products installed, and Radeon RAMDisk is activated between 2012-10-10 and 2013-10-10[89]). Retail version supports RAM disk size between 5MiB to 64GiB.[90][91]

Version history

Version 4.1 was released in May 8, 2013.[83]

Production

In 2014-04-02, Dataram Corporation announced it has signed an Agreement with Elysium Europe Ltd. to expand sales penetration in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Under this Agreement, Elysium is authorized to sell AMD Radeon RAMDisk software. Elysium is focusing on etailers, retailers, system builders and distributors.[92]

Radeon SSD

AMD planned to enter solid state drive market with the introduction of R7 models powered by Indilinx Barefoot 3 controller and Toshiba 19 nm MLC flash memory, and initially available in 120G, 240G, 480G capacities.[93][94] The R7 Series SSD was released on August 9, 2014, which included Toshiba's A19 MLC NAND flash memory, Indilinx Barefoot 3 M00 controller.[95] These components are the same as in the SSD OCZ Vector 150 model.

See also

References

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