The Abraaj Group
IndustryFinancial services
Founded2002 (2002)
FounderArif Naqvi
Defunct2018
FateLiquidation
SuccessorsTPG Capital, Actis Capital, Colony Capital
HeadquartersDubai, United Arab Emirates
ProductsInvestments, private equity funds
Total assetsc. US$13.6 billion
Number of employees
300

The Abraaj Group was a private equity firm operating in six continents that is currently in liquidation due to accusations of fraud.[1] The firm was founded by Pakistani businessman Arif Naqvi and was based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

History

The Abraaj Group was founded in 2002 by Pakistani businessman Arif Naqvi with US$3 million in capital.[2] In April 2015, the firm closed a US$990 million Sub-Saharan Africa fund, its third in the region according to the company.[3] Combined with US$375 million raised in August 2015 for a fund to focus on North Africa,[4] the two funds give Abraaj just under US$1.4 billion to invest in Africa, a record sum raised in a single year.[5]

In July 2016, the firm announced that it raised $526 million for investments in Turkey through Abraaj Turkey Fund I.[6] Abraaj also launched its $1 billion Abraaj Growth Markets Health Fund (AGHF) to build affordable and accessible health eco-systems for middle and low-income communities in Sub Saharan Africa and South Asia.[7]

In 2018 the firm was hit by turmoil,[8] as it was revealed that several limited partners including the Gates Foundation were investigating its misuse of investor funds and appointed an auditor to trace the money.[9] This led to the departure of the CFO[10] as well as the CEO to handover his role at the fund business.[10][11]

Abraaj was hit by a $188 million loss for the nine months until the end of March with Abraaj’s debts standing at $1.1 billion, including $501.4 million to unsecured creditors and $572.4 million to secured creditors.[12] In April 2019, a third director, Sev Vettivetpillai, was arrested.[13]

Eventually, Abraaj's various funds were sold to other private equity firms. Colony Capital took over Abraaj's Latin America business. Actis Capital took over the private equity businesses in the Middle East, Africa and Asia, and TPG Capital's Rise Fund took over the firm's healthcare business.

Business segments

Prior to its liquidation, the Abraaj Group invested in private equity, private credit, impact investing and real estate.[14]

Private equity

The Abraaj Group was an investor in global growth markets and had made more than 200 investments across a range of sectors. These businesses included:

  • K-Electric, the Karachi Electric Supply Company[15]
  • Acurio, a Peruvian restaurant group[16]
  • Hepsiburada, the largest e-commerce player in Turkey[17]
  • Java House Group, East Africa's largest casual dining chain[18][19]
  • Netlog, largest integrated logistics firm in Turkey[20]
  • Indorama Fertilizers, fertilizer manufacturer in Sub-Saharan Africa[21]
  • VUS, an education leader in Vietnam[22]
  • Big Basket, e-grocer in India[23]
  • ODM, Moroccan oncology and diagnostic services healthcare platform[24]

In 2018, NYC-based Colony Capital acquired the management rights to Abraaj Latin America Fund II, which has assets of $545 million, the Abraaj Turkey Fund I with $526 million, the Abraaj North Africa Fund II with assets of $375 million, and the Abraaj Africa Fund III, which has assets of $990 million, and later in 2019 Colony acquired the firm’s private equity unit in Latin America.[25]

In July 2019, after Abraaj's liquidation British private equity firm Actis took over management rights on Abraaj Private Equity Fund IV (APEF IV), a global buyout fund, and Abraaj Africa Fund III (AAF III), a fund for investment in sub-Saharan Africa.[26]

In September 2019, Actis took over two more PE funds from Abraaj's liquidators - Abraaj North Africa Fund II and Abraaj South East Asia Fund II.[27]

Private credit

Abraaj built a portfolio of private credit investments, diversified across sector and geography in emerging markets. According to the company, it sought to invest primarily in mezzanine debt, but could also invest in senior debt.[28]

Impact investing

Abraaj's impact investing line of business included healthcare and clean energy.

Abraaj's US$1 billion Fund brought together healthcare technology companies, foundations, development financing institutions and institutional investors, to address and impact poor healthcare outcomes in Africa and Asia.[29] Its healthcare investments included Care Hospitals in India[30] and Islamabad Diagnostic Centre in Pakistan.[31] In September 2017, the firm announced a partnership with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in Kenya to provide education, primary care interventions and more complex treatment for NCDs, communicable diseases and mother/child healthcare.[32]

As of September 2017, the firm had invested over US$1 billion in energy, including a partnership with ENGIE to develop a wind power platform in India.[33] In January 2017, Abraaj acquired a majority stake in Jhimpir Power, to construct a 50 MW wind project in the Jhimpir wind corridor in Southeast Pakistan.[34] In 2015, the firm announced a partnership with Aditya Birla Group to build a 1GW scale solar energy platform in India.[35]

In May 2019, after the forced liquidation of Abraaj, U.S. private equity firm TPG signed a definitive agreement to take over the healthcare fund.[36]

Real estate

Abraaj’s real estate investment team invested in a range of real estate asset classes, focusing on attractive returns derived from underlying growth fundamentals such as urbanization and increased consumer spending.[37]

Energy

Abraaj's energy team, branded as Themis, left the company in December 2017 to partner with a US investment firm. The Themis team relocated to Morocco with the objective of refocusing on the African power market.[38]

Sustainability Initiatives

In 2012, The Abraaj Group became a signatory to the UN Global Compact and that same year, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appointed CEO Arif Naqvi to the Board of the Global Compact.[39]

In 2014, Abraaj established the Abraaj RCA Innovation Scholarship at the Royal College of Art in London. It was the largest scholarship of its kind for postgraduate studies in the creative sector.[40] The Abraaj Group Art Prize, the group's flagship arts patronage program, aimed at empowering potential and gives often under-represented contemporary artists the resources to further develop their talent.[41] The prize celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2018.

In 2015, Abraaj established the Abraaj Growth Markets Grant to support projects aimed at resolving socio-economic challenges in growth markets. Nine projects were selected ranging from developing myoelectric prosthetic limbs in Kolkata to tracking crime patterns for a safer culture in Puebla.[42]

Latest developments

2019

During April, the US regulator Securities and Exchange Commission filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York that Abraaj CEO, Arif Naqvi, had taken ~US$230 million from Abraaj Growth Markets Health Fund and co-mingled it with Abraaj Investment Management’s corporate funds to cover cash shortfalls for corporate expenses and other purposes unrelated to the health fund.[43]

Founder and ex-CEO - Pakistani national, Arif Naqvi, a resident of the United Kingdom was subsequently arrested in London during April upon his arrival from Pakistan and faces extradition hearings to the US to face the SEC complaint. He was subsequently released in May on bail of £15 million, has to wear an ankle bracelet and is restricted to his London residence.[44]

In July, the Dubai financial services regulator, Dubai Financial Services Authority fined Abraaj a record $314.6 million for deceiving investors and carrying out unauthorized activities, but it also acknowledged that it may never be able to recover the fine due to Abraaj's liquidation.[45]

During August Abraaj ex-CEO, Arif Naqvi, was sentenced to three years of imprisonment by a UAE court, in absentia, in the misdemeanour case filed against him by Air Arabia PJSC, where he was a former Board member.[46]

Sivendran (Sev) Vettivetpillai, a British national was arrested at his home in April 2019 and pled guilty to charges of serious financial crimes relating to Abraaj at US District Court in the Southern District of New York via video conference from the UK.[47] An Abraaj senior employee since 2012 after his investment firm Aureos Capital was acquired by Abraaj, Sev focused on impact investing, mainly within its healthcare fund.[48]

2021

During January, Senior District Judge Emma Arbuthnot of Westminster Magistrates’ Court ruled there were no bars to extradition of Arif Naqvi to the US under several articles of Britain’s 2003 Extradition Act, and ordered the case to be sent to the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for a decision as to whether he should be extradited.[49]

During July, UAE Emirate Dubai's financial services regulator, Dubai Financial Services Authority imposed a $1.7 million fine on the former Chief Financial Officer of Abraaj, Ashish Dave, for his involvement in the failed private equity firm’s “misleading and deceptive conduct”.[50] Ashish Dave alternated between stints at Abraaj's auditor, global accounting firm KPMG and at Abraaj as its chief financial officer, a job he held twice. At least two other members of Abraaj’s finance team in Dubai also previously worked for KPMG, including the son of chairman and chief executive Vijay Malhotra of affiliate, KPMG Lower Gulf Ltd.[51]

During November, two units of Abraaj that are now in liquidation, filed a lawsuit in Dubai against KPMG LLP for damages of US$600 million alleging that KPMG accountants “failed to maintain independence and an appropriate attitude of professional scepticism,” and breached their duty of care when auditing the private-equity firm[52]

Mustafa Abdel Wadood, an Egyptian and Maltese national, who was senior executive officer (SEO) of Abraaj Capital Limited (ACLD), the DFSA-authorised unit of the Abraaj Group was fined $1.6 million by the DFSA for breaching its rules and deceiving investors. The DFSA also banned him from conducting any financial services-related business in or from the Dubai International Financial Centre. From July 2006 to February 2018 he held various roles including managing partner, global head of private equity and board member.[53] Mustafa is already out in the US on a $10 million bail since 2019 after having pleaded guilty, and his sentencing has been postponed by the US Attorney for the Southern District of New York, pending the outcome of an extradition request from the UK of the company’s founder, Arif Naqvi.[54]

Judge Philippa Whipple of the UK High Court adjourned the matter of extradition of Abraaj founder, Arif Naqvi, until a similar point of law was resolved in another high-profile extradition case - that of Nirav Modi, an Indian diamond tycoon.[55]

2022

During January, the Dubai financial regulator Dubai Financial Services Authority fined former CEO, Arif Naqvi, UAE Dirham 497.9 million (~US$135.6 million) and its former COO, Waqar Siddiqui, UAE Dirham 4.2 million (~US$1.2 million) over their role in the collapse of Abraaj.[56]

During October, Waqar Siddique, a former Managing Director at the firm settled the fine of US$1.15 million imposed on him by the Dubai financial regulator, Dubai Financial Services Authority, in January for “serious failings” in respect of Abraaj.[57]

2023

On 8 March 2023, former CEO Arif Naqvi lost his challenge to the extradition ordering him from London to the United States, as a UK High Court Judge refused him permission to bring a judicial review against the 2021 order. This means that the extradition order authorized in 2021 by the then UK Home Secretary Priti Patel will be executed, and Naqvi will be sent to a US prison to undergo his trial on fraud allegations by US authorities.[58][59][60][61][62]

Bibliography

  • Simon Clark and Will Louch, The Key Man: The True Story of How the Global Elite Was Duped by a Capitalist Fairy, Harper Business (2021) ISBN 978-0-06-299621-3 - The story of Pakistani ex-CEO, Arif Naqvi
  • Brian Brivati, Icarus: The Life and Death of the Abraaj Group, Biteback Publishing (2021), ISBN 978-1785907180

References

  1. ↑ "Will ambitious global health strategy survive the Abraaj scandal? (podcast)". Impactalpha.com. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  2. ↑ Nair, Dinesh; Martin, Matthew; Alloway, Tracy (29 July 2018). "Behind the Spectacular Collapse of a Private Equity Titan". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  3. ↑ Saleem, Nadia (13 April 2015). "Private equity house Abraaj closes $990 mln sub-Saharan Africa fund". Reuters.com. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  4. ↑ Martin, Matthew (24 August 2015). "Abraaj Group Raises $375 Million for North Africa Investments". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  5. ↑ Cotterill, Joseph (24 August 2015). "Africa private equity group raises $1.4bn to invest in continent". Financial Times.
  6. ↑ "The Abraaj Group: Press Release: The Abraaj Group Raises $526 million for Investment in Turkey". Abraaj.com. Retrieved 2016-09-12.
  7. ↑ Thomas, Landon Jr. (2016-10-08). "An Investor's Plan to Transplant Private Health Care in Africa". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  8. ↑ "Private equity firm Abraaj Capital is in turmoil". Axios.com. 27 March 2018. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
  9. ↑ Louch, William; Ballard, Ed; Clark, Simon (2018-02-02). "Abraaj Investors Hire Auditor to Trace Money". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
  10. 1 2 Anthony Karam, Mark. "Abraaj court case verdict on July 15: Amicable parting, or legal battle?". Ameinfo.com. Retrieved 2018-07-12.
  11. ↑ Parasie, Nicolas; Louch, William; Clark, Simon (2018-03-26). "Abraaj Seeks Buyer for Private-Equity Business". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
  12. ↑ Khatib, Hadi. "Who's owed what and 7 things you need to know about Abraaj". Ameinfo.com. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  13. ↑ "U.S. Criminal Case Against Abraaj Widens With Third Arrest". Bloomberg.com. 2019-04-18. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  14. ↑ "Abraaj Investment Management ... vs Mr. Neville Tuli on 14 July, 2015". Indiankanoon.org. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  15. ↑ "K-Electric: the power utility at center of Abraaj debacle". TRTWorld. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  16. ↑ "The Abraaj Group: Press Release: Aureos Invests in Leading Peruvian Restaurant Group". Abraaj.com. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  17. ↑ Cotterill, Joseph (22 February 2015). "Abraaj takes $100m stake in Hepsiburada".
  18. ↑ Stevis, Matina (2017-07-03). "Abraaj Acquires Kenya-Based Java House Group". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  19. ↑ "Abraaj Group to buy African coffee chain Java House". Financial Times.
  20. ↑ "Turkey's robust growth tempts private equity firms". Financial Times.
  21. ↑ "The Abraaj Group Backs Nigeria-based Indorama Fertilizers (Sub-Saharan Africa) - EMPEA". EMPEA. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  22. ↑ "Vietnam-USA Society English International (VUS) - The Abraaj Group". The Abraaj Group. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  23. ↑ Reuters Editorial. "BigBasket raises $150 million in funding led by Abraaj Group". IN. Retrieved 2017-11-04. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  24. ↑ "Abraaj acquires majority stakes in two Morocco oncology clinics". The National. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  25. ↑ "Colony Capital acquires Abraaj's Latin American private equity arm". Consultancy.lat. January 29, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  26. ↑ "Actis assumes management rights on Abraaj Private Equity Fund IV and Abraaj Africa Fund III". Actis. July 15, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  27. ↑ Louch, William (September 11, 2019). "Abraaj break-up sees Actis take over more buyout funds". Financial News. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  28. ↑ "Abraaj fuels growth markets with credit – ImpactAlpha". ImpactAlpha. 2017-07-26. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  29. ↑ "Better Business, Better World – BSDC". Report.businesscommission.org. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  30. ↑ "Dubai's Abraaj Group to buy majority stake in India's Care Hospitals". Reuters.
  31. ↑ "Abraaj taps into Pakistan". The National. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  32. ↑ "The Abraaj Group and IFRC Sign MoU" (PDF). The Abraaj Group.
  33. ↑ Shah, Sneha (2017-09-20). "Abraaj Group has joined hands with ENGIE to set up a wind energy platform in India". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  34. ↑ "The Abraaj Group to Acquire Majority Stake in Jhimpir Power (Asia) - EMPEA". EMPEA. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  35. ↑ Sengupta, Debjoy (2015-10-07). "Aditya Birla partners Dubai's Abraaj Group for solar plants". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
  36. ↑ "TPG signs deal to takeover management of Abraaj's healthcare fund". Reuters. 2019-05-09. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  37. ↑ "The Abraaj Group: Real Estate". Abraaj.com. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  38. ↑ Louch, William (2018-03-01). "Abraaj Energy Team Departs, Joins U.S. Investment Firm". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
  39. ↑ "Board Members - UN Global Compact". Unglobalcompact.org. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  40. ↑ "The Abraaj RCA Innovation Scholarship". Rca.ac.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  41. ↑ "Nafas Art Magazine". Universes-in-universe.org. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  42. ↑ "The Abraaj Group: The Abraaj Group announces winners of 'Abraaj Growth Markets' Grant". Abraaj.com. Retrieved 2016-09-12.
  43. ↑ "SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, Plaintiff, v. ABRAAJ INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LIMITED, and ARIF NAQVI" (PDF). Securities and Exchange Commission. April 11, 2019. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  44. ↑ Kerr, Simeon (May 29, 2019). "Abraaj founder Arif Naqvi released from UK prison on bail". Financial Times. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  45. ↑ Clark, Simon (July 30, 2019). "rivate-Equity Firm Abraaj Is Fined a Record $315 Million in Dubai". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  46. ↑ Parasie, Simon (August 5, 2019). "Abraaj's Naqvi sentenced to prison in absentia by UAE court". Bloomberg. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  47. ↑ Louch, William (June 22, 2020). "Second Abraaj Executive to Plead Guilty, Cooperate With U.S." The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  48. ↑ Shah, Mujtaba Ali (August 18, 2021). "Sivendran Vettivetpillai pleads guilty to financial crimes of 115 years in jail". Daily Pakistan. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  49. ↑ "UK court says Abraaj founder can be extradited to U.S". Reuters. January 28, 2021. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  50. ↑ Kerr, Simeon (July 14, 2021). "Dubai regulator hands ex-Abraaj finance chief $1.7m fine". Financial Times. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  51. ↑ Clark, Simon (July 3, 2018). "KPMG Has Close Ties to Troubled Private Equity Firm". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
  52. ↑ Geor Louch, William Patrick (November 11, 2021). "KPMG Sued for $600 Million Over Alleged Sloppy Auditing in Dubai's Abraaj Scandal". Bloomberg. Retrieved December 11, 2021.
  53. ↑ Derhally, Massoud (November 3, 2021). "Former Abraaj managing partner fined $1.9m by Dubai regulator". The National News. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  54. ↑ Pierson, Brendon (June 28, 2019). "Former Abraaj executive pleads guilty to U.S. charges". Reuters. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  55. ↑ Shah, Murtaza Ali (November 13, 2021). "UK judge delays Arif Naqvi's extradition to US". The News International (Pakistan). Retrieved December 11, 2021.
  56. ↑ "Abraaj's Naqvi fined $135.6 Million over firm's collapse". Bloomberg. January 27, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
  57. ↑ Derhally, Massoud (October 26, 2022). "Former Abraaj executive reaches agreement with Dubai regulator". The National News. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  58. ↑ "BBC Two - Billion Dollar Downfall: The Dealmaker". BBC. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  59. ↑ "Arif Naqvi". www.ft.com. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  60. ↑ Blackburn, Tom (2023-01-11). "The spectacular rise and fall of private equity tycoon Arif Naqvi". BirminghamLive. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  61. ↑ Tobin, Sam (2023-03-08). "Abraaj founder loses challenge to U.S. extradition on fraud charges". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  62. ↑ "Abraaj founder fails in final attempt to prevent extradition to the US". Financial Times. 2023-03-08. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
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