| Alcântara Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Cenomanian | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Itapecuru Group |
| Underlies | Cujupe Formation |
| Overlies | Undifferentiated unit |
| Thickness | 30–35 m (98–115 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Sandstone |
| Other | Claystone, conglomerate |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 2°30′S 44°30′W / 2.5°S 44.5°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 9°24′S 19°18′W / 9.4°S 19.3°W |
| Region |  Maranhão |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Extent | São Luís-Grajaú Basin |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Alcântara (city) |
| Named by | Rossetti & Truckenbrodt |
| Year defined | 1997 |
  Alcântara Formation (Brazil) | |
The Alcântara Formation is a geological formation in northeastern Brazil whose strata date back to the Cenomanian of the Late Cretaceous.[1]
Fossil content
Dinosaurs
| Dinosaurs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Carcharodontosauridae indet.[2] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | ||
| Dromaeosauridae indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | Possible member of Velociraptorinae | |
| Itapeuasaurus[4] | I. cajapioensis | Itapeua beach | Early Cenomanian | A rebbachisaurid | ||
| cf. Limaysaurus[5] | L. tessonei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | ||
| Malawisaurus[6] | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Tooth |  | |
| Noasauridae indet. [7] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Nine teeth | Teeth belong to an animal closely related to Masiakasaurus knopfleri. | |
| Oxalaia[8] | O. quilombensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fused premaxillae; isolated and incomplete left maxilla | A spinosaurid |  |
| Sauropoda indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | May belong to a titanosaurid or a diplodocoid rebbachisaurid | |
|
S. brevicollis |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Two caudal vertebrae |
Referral to Sigilmassasaurus was based on similarity to presumed caudal vertebrae of the genus from the Kem Kem Group. However, these caudal vertebrae have since been separated from the genus, meaning that it is currently impossible to refer any caudal vertebrae to it. |
||
| Spinosauridae indet.[9] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | A spinosaurid different from Oxalaia. | |
| Theropoda indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Claw | ||
| Titanosauria indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | ||
| Titanosauria indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Osteoderm | ||
| cf. Unenlagiinae[10] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island, São Luís-Grajaú Basin | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | ||
Pterosauria
| Pterosaurs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anhangueridae indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanina | Teeth | ||
Crocodylomorphs
| Crocodylomorphs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Crocodylomorpha indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth and osteoderms | ||
| Coringasuchus[11] | C. anisodontis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Partial right lower jaw (dentary) | Possibly a notosuchian | |
Turtles
| Crocodylomorphs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Pelomedusoides indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Incomplete carapace | ||
Squamates
| Snakes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Seismophis[12] | S. septentrionalis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | A snake | |
Fish
| Fishes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Arganodus[3] | A. tiguidiensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish |  |
| Atlanticopristis[13] | A. equatorialis | Falésia do Sismito and Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fourteen denticle specimens (two complete) | A sclerorhynchid |  |
| Bartschichthys[3] | B. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Spines | ||
| Ceratodus[3] | C. brasiliensis C. humei |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish |  |
| Equinoxiodus[14] | E. alcantarensis E. sp.[3] |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | One complete and eight incomplete tooth plates | A dipnoiform | |
| Lepidotes[3] | Lepidotes sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Mineralized scales | ||
| Mawsonia[15] | M. gigas | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Palato-quadrate and post-parietal cranial material | A coelacanthiform |  |
| Myliobatis[3] | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | |||
| Onchopristis[3] | O. cf. numidus | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Rostral teeth | A sclerorhynchoid. |  |
| Pycnodontiformes indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plate and teeth | ||
| Stephanodus[3] | S. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Pharyngeal teeth | ||
| Tribodus[3] | T. cf. limae | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dorsal spines | A hybodont | |
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
References
- ↑ Rossetti, D.F.; Truckenbrodt, W. (1997). "Revisão estratigráfica para os depósitos do Albiano-Terciário Inferior (?) na Bacia de São Luís (MA), Norte do Brasil". Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. 9: 29–41.
- ↑ Candeiro, C.R.A.; Martinelli, Agustin G. (2005). "Abelisauroidea and Carcharodontosauridae (Theropoda, Dinosauria) in the Cretaceous of South America. Paleogeographical and geocronological implications". Sociedade & Natureza. 17 (33).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Lindoso, Rafael Motos; Mendes, Ighor Dienes; Carvalho, Ismar de Souza (2014). "The Cretaceous (Cenomanian) continental record of the Laje do Coringa flagstone (Alcântara Formation), northeastern South America". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 53: 50–58. Bibcode:2014JSAES..53...50M. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2014.04.002.
- ↑ Lindoso, Rafael Matos; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo Araújo; Carvalho, Ismar de Souza; Pereira, Agostinha Araújo; Mendes, Ighor Dienes; Iori, Fabiano Vidoi; Sousa, Eliane Pinheiro; Arcanjo, Silvia Helena Souza; Silva, Taciane Costa Madeira (July 2019). "A new rebbachisaurid (Sauropoda: Diplodocoidea) from the middle Cretaceous of northern Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 104: 104191. Bibcode:2019CrRes.10404191L. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104191. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 201321631.
- ↑ Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Schultz, Cesar Leandro (2004). "Rayososaurus (Sauropoda, Diplodocoidea) no meso-Cretáceo do Norte-Nordeste Brasileiro". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 7 (2): 275–279. doi:10.4072/rbp.2004.2.22.
- ↑ Freire, Pedro Carvalho; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Lindoso, Rafael Matos (2007). "Sauropod teeth diversity in the Laje do Coringa fossiliferous site, Eocenomanian of Northeastern Brazil". Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida: 523–532.
- ↑ Lindoso, Rafael Matos; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Carvalho, Ismar de Souza; Marinho, Thiago da Silva (August 2012). "Masiakasaurus-like theropod teeth from the Alcântara Formation, São Luís Basin (Cenomanian), northeastern Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 36: 119–124. Bibcode:2012CrRes..36..119L. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.002.
- ↑ Kellner, Alexander W.A.; Azevedeo, Sergio A.K.; Machado, Elaine B.; Carvalho, Luciana B.; Henriques, Deise D.R. (2012). "A new dinosaur (Theropoda, Spinosauridae) from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Alcântara Formation, Cajual Island, Brazil" (PDF). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 83 (1): 99–108. doi:10.1590/S0001-37652011000100006. ISSN 0001-3765. PMID 21437377.
- ↑ Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo (2006). "Large theropod teeth from the Eocenomanian of northeastern Brazil and the occurrence of Spinosauridae". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 9 (3): 333–338. doi:10.4072/rbp.2006.3.08.
- ↑ Letizio LA, Bertini RJ, Medeiros MA (2022-07-16). "New evidence of putative Unenlagiinae (Deinonychosauria, Theropoda) in the São Luís-Grajaú Basin, Albian–Cenomanian, State of Maranhão, Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 25 (2): 157–164. doi:10.4072/rbp.2022.2.05.
- ↑ Kellner, A.W.A.; Pinheiro, A.E.P.; Azevedo, S.A.K.; Henriques, D.D.R.; de Carvalho, L.B.; Oliveira, G.R. (2009). "A new crocodyliform from the Alcântara Formation (Cenomanian), Cajual Island, Brazil". Zootaxa. 2030: 49–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2030.1.4. S2CID 88042701.
- ↑ Hsiou, A. S.; Albino, A. M.; Medeiros, M. A.; Santos, R. A. B. (2013). "The oldest Brazilian snakes from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 59 (3): 635–642. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0091.
- ↑ Pereira, A.A.; Medeiros, M.A. (2008). "A new sclerorhynchiform (Elasmobranchii) from the middle Cretaceous of Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 11 (3): 207–212. doi:10.4072/rbp.2008.3.07.
- ↑ Toledo, C.E.; Sousa, E.P.; Medeiros, M.A.; Bertini, R.J. (2011). "A new genus of dipnoiformes from the Cretaceous of Brazil". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 83 (4): 1181–1192. doi:10.1590/s0001-37652011000400006. PMID 22146953.
- ↑ Medeiros, M.A., Carvalho, M.S.S., Silva, M.A.M., Pereira, A.A., Araujo, M.N., Ferreira, N.N., Vilas Bôas, I., 2011. O senhor dos rios: Mawsonia gigas (Mawsoniidae) do Cenomaniano do Maranhão, Brasil. In: Carvalho, I.S., Srivastava, N.K., Strohschoen, J.O., Lana, C.C. (Eds.), Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida, Vol. 4. Interciência, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 575-583.
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