In Myanmar, military rank system and insignia are used by the Myanmar Armed Forces, its auxiliary services, some government departments and some civilian organizations.

All the government employees are called "civil service personnel" (နိုင်ငံ့ဝန်ထမ်း, lit. 'State's employee'. Their ranks and appointments are grouped into two category:

  1. Officer (အရာထမ်း) or gazetted officer (ပြန်တမ်းဝင်အရာရှိ),[1] whose promotion and posting are recorded in the Gazette of Myanmar (မြန်မာနိုင်ငံပြန်တမ်း)[2]
  2. Staff (အမှုထမ်း), ranks below the gazetted officers.[1]

Personnels of the Armed Forces and the Police Force are included in the civil service personnels but the rules of civil service personnels are not applied to them because of the special nature of their duties.[3]

The rank insignia of Myanmar Armed Forces is the basic form for all other rank insignia in Myanmar.

  • Some departments/organizations use the same insignia as that of the Armed Forces but with different colour, (example: rank insignia of Myanmar Police Force use silver stars instead of golden ones).[4]
  • Some use the same style as that of the Armed Forces but with organization's symbol in place of military stars (example: rank insignia of Myanmar Red Cross Society use red crosses in place of rank stars).
  • Those departments that don't use the military-like uniform system, use the pin badges with rank insignia (example: rank insignia of General Administration Department).[5]

Myanmar Armed Forces

All three branches of Myanmar Armed Forces — Myanmar Army, Myanmar Navy and Myanmar Air Force — use the same rank system and insignia, the same rank titles in Burmese. But the English translations of titles are different according to the branch. For example, the three-star general rank in Burmese is "ဗိုလ်ချုပ်" (bo jhoke') for all three branches, but for the English translation, it is "Major General" for Army and Air Force, while it is "Vice Admiral" for the Navy.

Officers

In Myanmar Armed Forces, the officer cadets graduated from Defense Services Academies (DSA, DSMA, DSTA, etc.) and Officer Training Schools (OTS) are directly appointed as gazetted officers with the rank of Second lieutenant.[6]

The Armed Forces has a unique general officer rank: Vice-senior general (Burmese: ဒုတိယဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး, romanized: Du ti ya' Bo Jhoke' Mūchē), a rank between the five-star rank of Senior general and the four-star rank of General/Admiral. It is also a four-star rank but it is higher than the ordinary General or Admiral.

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
Burmese[7] ဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး ဒုတိယဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး ဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး ဒုတိယဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး ဗိုလ်ချုပ် ဗိုလ်မှူးချုပ် ဗိုလ်မှူးကြီး ဒုတိယဗိုလ်မှူးကြီး ဗိုလ်မှူး ဗိုလ်ကြီး ဗိုလ် ဒုတိယဗိုလ် ဗိုလ်လောင်း
ALA-LC[8] Builʻkhyupʻmhūʺkrīʺ Dutiya builʻkhyupʻmhūʺkrīʺ Builʻkhyupʻkrīʺ Dutiya builʻkhyupʻkrīʺ Builʻkhyupʻ Builʻmhūʺkhyupʻ Builʻmhūʺkrīʺ Dutiya builʻmhūʺkrīʺ Builʻmhūʺ Builʻkrīʺ Builʻ Dutiyabuilʻ Builʻloṅʻʺ
Myanmar Armed Forces
Army and Air force translation[9][10][7] Senior general Vice-senior general General Lieutenant general Major general Brigadier general Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain Lieutenant Second lieutenant Officer cadet
Navy translation[10] Senior admiral Vice-senior admiral Admiral Vice admiral Rear admiral Commodore Captain Commander Lieutenant commander Lieutenant Lieutenant (junior grade) Sub-lieutenant Officer cadet
Full insignia
on green strap [7]
Insignia on
casual uniform
of Army		 General
Insignia on
casual uniform
of Navy [11]		 General
Insignia on
casual uniform
of Air Force [12]		 General

Special insignia of general/flag officers

In addition to the regular rank insignia, the general/flag officers have additional ones, that are only for them.

Burmese title ဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး ဒုတိယဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး ဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး ဒုတိယဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး ဗိုလ်ချုပ် ဗိုလ်မှူးချုပ်
English title Senior general Vice-senior general General
/
Admiral		 Lieutenant general
/
Vice admiral		 Major general
/
Rear admiral		 Brigadier general
/
Commodore
Full insignia on
golden strap
[13][14][15][16][17]
Rank medal
worn on
left chest
[13][14][15][17][16][7]
Rank stars
on name plate
of car
[18][19]

Staffs

In Myanmar Armed Forces, insignia-wearing staffs are commonly referred to as Saya (ဆရာ, lit. 'teacher') by both enlisted staffs and officers. For example, Warrant officers and Staff sergeants are referred to as Bo Lay (ဗိုလ်လေး, lit. 'little lieutenant'), Sergeant are referred to as Saya and Corporal/Lance Corporal as Saya Lay (ဆရာလေး, lit. 'little teacher'). These unofficial ranks are in used throughout the daily life of all branches of Myanmar Armed Forces. Insignia-wearing staffs within the Myanmar Armed Forces are usually seasoned veteran soldiers with wide-ranging experience of the battlefield, thus both officers and enlisted men refer to them as "teacher" out of respect as well as affection.

Rank group Insignia-wearing staffs Enlisted staffs
Burmese[20][7] အရာခံဗိုလ် ဒုတိယအရာခံဗိုလ် တပ်ခွဲတပ်ကြပ်ကြီး
/
အုပ်ခွဲတပ်ကြပ်ကြီး		 တပ်ကြပ်ကြီး
/
တပ်ကြပ်ကြီးစာရေး		 တပ်ကြပ် ဒုတိယတပ်ကြပ် တပ်သား တပ်သားသစ်
ALA-LC[8] 'araākhaṃ bauilaʻ dautaiya 'araākhaṃ bauilaʻ tapaʻ khavai tapaʻ karpaʻ karīʺ
/
aupaʻ khavai tapaʻ karpaʻ karīʺ		 tapaʻ karpaʻ karīʺ
/
tapaʻ karpaʻ karīʺ caā raeʺ		 tapaʻ karpaʻ dautai yatapaʻ karpaʻ tapaʻ saāʺ tapaʻ saāʺ sacaʻ
Myanmar Armed Forces No insignia No insignia
Army translation[9][7] Warrant officer I Warrant officer II Company quarter master sergeant Sergeant
/
Sergeant clerk		 Corporal Lance corporal Private Recruit
Navy translation[7] Warrant officer class 1 Warrant officer class 2 Chief petty officer Petty officer
/
Petty officer (clerk)		 Leading seaman Acting leading Able-body Recruit
Air force translation[7] Warrant officer Warrant officer (II) Flight sergeant Sergeant
/
Sergeant clerk		 Corporal Lance corporal Private Recruit

Myanmar Police Force

Myanmar Police Force is an independent department of the Ministry of Home Affairs, one of the ministries under administration of Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services. The rank insignia of Myanmar Police Force are the insignia of Myanmar Armed Forces with different colours and with different titles.

Officers

In the Myanmar Police Force, a person of the rank of Police second lieutenant and above is called an officer (အရာရှိ); while an officer of the rank of Police Captain and above is called a gazetted officer (ပြန်တမ်းဝင်အရာရှိ).[21]

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
Burmese

ALA-LC[8]		 ရဲဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး

raaibauilaʻ khayupaʻ krīʺ		 ဒုတိယရဲဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး

dautaiya raaibauilaʻ khayupaʻ krīʺ		 ရဲဗိုလ်ချုပ်

raaibauilaʻ khayupaʻ		 ရဲမှူးချုပ်

raaimahūʺ khayupaʻ		 ရဲမှူးကြီး

raaimahūʺ karī		 ဒုတိယရဲမှူးကြီး

dautaiya raaimahūʺ karī		 ရဲမှူး

raaimahūʺ		 ဒုတိယရဲမှူး

dautaiya raaimahūʺ		 ရဲအုပ်

raai 'aupaʻ		 ဒုတိယရဲအုပ်

dautaiya raai 'aupaʻ		 ဒုတိယရဲအုပ်လောင်း

dautaiya raai 'aupaʻ laoṅaʻʺ
Myanmar Police Force
Translation Police General Police lieutenant general Police major general Police brigadier general Police colonel Police lieutenant colonel Police major Police captain Police lieutenant Police second lieutenant Police officer cadet
Full insignia
Regular insignia [4]

Staffs

Rank group Insignia-wearing staffs Enlisted staffs
Burmese

ALA-LC[8]		 ရဲအရာခံဗိုလ်

Raai 'araā khaṃ bauilaʻ		 ရဲတပ်ကြပ်ကြီး

Raai tapaʻ karpaʻ krīʺ		 ရဲတပ်ကြပ်

Raai tapaʻ karpaʻ		 ဒုတိယရဲတပ်ကြပ်

Dautaiya tapaʻ karpaʻ		 ရဲတပ်သား

Raai tapaʻ saāʺ		 ရဲတပ်သားသစ်

Raai tapaʻ saāʺ sacaʻ
Myanmar Police Force No insignia No insignia
Translation Police warrant officer Police sergeant Police corporal Police lance corporal Police private Police recruit

Prisons Department

Prisons Department is a department of the Ministry of Home Affairs, one of the ministries under administration of Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services. The rank insignia of its officers are the same as that of Myanmar Police Force but with different titles.

Officers

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
Burmese ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ်

 ဒုတိယညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ်

 ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး

 ဒုတိယညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး

 လက်ထောက်ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး

 ဦးစီးအရာရှိ (ပထမတန်း)

 ဦးစီးအရာရှိ (ဒုတိယတန်း)

 ဦးစီးအရာရှိ (တတိယတန်း)

 ထောင်မှူးကြီး
/
ဒုတိယကြီးကြပ်ရေးမှူး		 ထောင်မှူး
/
လက်ထောက်ကြီးကြပ်ရေးမှူး		 –
–
Translation: Director general Deputy director general Director Deputy director Assistant director Staff officer (first class) Staff officer (second class) Staff officer (third class) Chief jailor
/
Deputy supervisor		 Jailor
/
Assistant supervisor		 –
Full insignia –

Staffs

Rank group Insignia-wearing staffs Enlisted staffs
Burmese လက်ထောက်ထောင်မှူး(၂)
/
လက်ထောက်ကြီးကြပ်ရေးမှူး		 လက်ထောက်ထောင်မှူး(၁)
/
ဒုတိယလက်ထောက်ကြီးကြပ်ရေးမှူး		 အကျဉ်းထောင်တပ်ကြပ်ကြီး အကျဉ်းထောင်တပ်ကြပ် အကျဉ်းထောင်ဒုတိယတပ်ကြပ် အကျဉ်းထောင်တပ်သား အကျဉ်းထောင်တပ်သားသစ်
No insignia No insignia
Translation Assistant jailor (2)
/
Assistant supervisor		 Assistant jailor (1)
/
Deputy assistant supervisor		 Prison sergeant Prison corporal Prison lance corporal Prison private Prison recruit

General Administration Department

General Administration Department is a department of the Ministry of Home Affairs, one of the ministries under administration of Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services. As its uniform is not the military style, pin badges are used to show ranks.[22]

Officers

Burmese[23] ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ်
/
အမြဲတမ်းအတွင်းဝန်		 ဒုတိယညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ်
/
တိုင်းအုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူး		 ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး
/
ခရိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူး		 ဒုတိယညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး
/
ဒုတိယခရိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူး		 လက်ထောက်ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူး
/
မြို့နယ်အုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူး		 ဦးစီးအရာရှိ
/
ဒုတိယမြို့နယ်အုပ်ချုပ်ရေးမှူး		 ဒုတိယဦးစီးမှူး
/
စီမံ ၁
Rank symbol
Translation: Director general
/
Permanent secretary		 Deputy director general
/
Divisional administrator		 Director
/
District administrator		 Deputy director
/
Deputy district administrator		 Assistant director
/
Township administrator		 Staff officer
/
Deputy township administrator		 Deputy chief officer
/
Manager (1)
Pin badge [23]

Staffs

Burmese[23] ရုံးအုပ် ဌာနခွဲစာရေး အကြီးတန်းစာရေး အငယ်တန်းစာရေး ရုံးအကူ
/
စာပို့
/
ယာဉ်မောင်း
Rank symbol
Translation: Superintendent Branch clerk Upper divisional clerk Lower divisional clerk Office factotum
/
Mailman
/
Driver
Pin badge [23][5]

References

  1. 1 2 "The Union Civil Service Board Rules". Article 2, rules of 11 September 2020 (PDF). Union Civil Service Board. p. 1. "(a) Officer means the service personnel at the ranks of the gazetted officer and above; (b) Staff means the service personnel at the ranks below the gazetted officer"
  2. ↑ Crouch, Melissa; Tim Lindsey (2014). Law, Society and Transition in Myanmar. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781782254768.
  3. ↑ "The Rules Amending the Civil Service Personnel Rules". Article 2, rules of 9 June 2017. Union Civil Service Board. p. 1. ...Although the Defence Service Personnel and members of the Myanmar Police Force are the Civi Service Personnel, these rules shall not apply to them according to the nature of their works and duties.
  4. 1 2 Myanmar police chief Major General Zaw Win cautions reporters in Naypyidaw to accept only information that the police confirm about the killing of prominent rights attorney Ko Ni, Feb. 1, 2016. / RFA /
  5. 1 2 The badge of a civil servant working at the Eastern Yangon General Administration Department office in Thingangyun Township. (Teza Hlaing / Frontier)
  6. ↑ news from "cincds.gov.mm" (Office of the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services), for example: , , , , etc.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 KoKo LinnMaung (23 July 2019). တပ်မတော် ရာထူးအဆင့်အတန်း အင်္ဂလိပ်လိုအခေါ်အဝေါ်များ [Tatmadaw appointment ranks' nomenclature in English]. Facebook (in Burmese and English).
  8. 1 2 3 4 American Library Association. "Burmese" (PDF). loc.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  9. 1 2 မြန်မာ–အင်္ဂလိပ် အဘိဓာန် [Myanmar English Dictionary]. Myanmar Language Commission, Department of Myanmar National Languages, Ministry of Education. 2019.
  10. 1 2 Cooke, Melinda W. (1983). "National Security". In Bunge, Frederica M. (ed.). Burma: a country study. Area Handbook (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. p. 256. LCCN 83-25871. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  11. ↑ Fleet Exercise-2020 conducted with involvement of attack submarine Minye Theinkhathu of Tatmadaw (Navy) to enhance defence prowess of State
  12. ↑ Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing receives a model plane from Gen. Maung Maung Kyaw in 2019.
  13. 1 2 "Message of Greetings from Commander in Chief of Defence Services Senior General Min Aung Hlaing on the occasion of the 75th Anniversary Diamond Jubilee of Armed Forces Day on 27 March 2020". Myanmar Digital News.
  14. 1 2 "File image of Myanmar Army's deputy commander-in-chief, Vice Senior General Soe Win". Flickr.
  15. 1 2 Aung Shine Oo. "Myanmar New Appointed Home Affair Minister".
  16. 1 2 Htet Naing Zaw (July 2020). "Lt-Gen Thet Pon (left) and Maj-Gen Nyunt Win Swe (right)". The Irrawaddy.
  17. 1 2 Thiha Lwin. "Lt-Gen Min Naung who will continue to participate in the peace process". The Irrawaddy.
  18. ↑ Soe Zeya Tun (March 27, 2012). "Myanmar's Army Chief General Min Aung Hlaing 2nd-r waves as he leaves a ceremony to mark the 67th anniversary of Armed Forces Day in Myanmar's Capital Naypyitaw". Reuters.
  19. ↑ "Parade of the 76th Anniversary Armed Forces Day held;Chairman of the State Administration Council Commanderin-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Maha Thray Sithu Min Aung Hlaing delivers address". seniorgeneralminaunghlaing.com.mm. 28 March 2021.
  20. ↑ တပ်မတော်(ကြည်း၊ ရေ၊ လေ)အဆင့်လိုက် လစာနှုန်းထားများ [Salaries according to ranks in Tatmadaw (Army, Navy, Air Force)]. Myanmar Military Recruitment (in Burmese).
  21. ↑ "The Myanmar Police Force Maintenance of Discipline Law". Article 3. (e) and (f), law of 26 April 1995. State Law and Order Restoration Council.
  22. ↑ A civil servant stands outside the Eastern Yangon General Administration Department office in Thingangyun Township. (Teza Hlaing / Frontier)
  23. 1 2 3 4 ပြည်ထဲရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန၊ အထွေထွေအုပ်ချုပ်ရေးဦးစီးဌာန၏ ဝန်ထမ်းအဆင့်အလိုက်သတ်မှတ်ထားသော ရင်ထိုးတံဆိပ်သင်္ကေတများ / photo- myo kyaw kyaw
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