Aston Hall
Quick reference
LocationAston, Birmingham, England
Coordinates52°30′23″N 1°53′3″W / 52.50639°N 1.88417°W / 52.50639; -1.88417
BuiltApril 1618-April 1635
ArchitectJohn Thorpe
Architectural style(s)Jacobean
OwnerBirmingham City Council
Websitebirminghammuseums.org.uk/aston
Listed Building – Grade I
Official nameAston Hall
Designated25 April 1952
Reference no.1219847
Official nameAston Hall
Designated1 July 1986
Reference no.1001199
Aston Hall is located in West Midlands county
Aston Hall
Location of Aston Hall in West Midlands county

Aston Hall is a Grade I listed Jacobean house in Aston, Birmingham, England, designed by John Thorpe and built between 1618 and 1635. It is a leading example of the Jacobean prodigy house.

In 1864, the house was bought by Birmingham Corporation, the first historic country house to pass into municipal ownership, and is still owned by Birmingham City Council. It is now a community museum managed by the Birmingham Museums Trust and, following a major renovation completed in 2009, is open to the public.

History

Using a design by John Thorpe, construction was commenced in April 1618 by Sir Thomas Holte, who finally moved into the hall in 1631. The house was completed in April 1635, and is now Grade I listed.[1] It sits in a large park, part of which became Villa Park, the home ground of the Aston Villa football club.[2] The park is listed Grade II in Historic England's Register of Parks and Gardens.[3]

The Long Gallery

The house was severely damaged after an attack by Parliamentary troops in 1643. Some of the damage is still evident, and there is a hole in the staircase where a cannonball went through a window and an open door, and into the banister.[4] The house remained in the Holte family until 1817, when it was sold and leased by James Watt Jr., son of industrial pioneer James Watt. The house was purchased in 1858 by a private company (the Aston Hall and Park Company Ltd) for use as a public park and museum. After the company ran into financial difficulties, the house was bought by the Birmingham Corporation in 1864, becoming the first historic country house to pass into municipal ownership.

Aston Hall gardens

Aston Hall was visited by Washington Irving, who wrote about it as Bracebridge Hall, taking the name from Abraham Bracebridge, husband of the last member of the Holte family to live there. Irving's The Sketch Book stories described the harmonious warm-hearted English Christmas festivities he experienced while staying in Aston Hall, that had largely been abandoned.[5] An Aston Hall custom the owners afforded the servants of the house on Christmas Eve appeared in The Gentleman's Magazine in 1795, which said: "the servants have full liberty to drink, dance, sing, and go to bed when they please."[6]

For a few years from 1879, Birmingham's collections of art and the Museum of Arms were moved to Aston Hall after a fire damaged the municipal public library and Birmingham and Midland Institute, which shared a building in Paradise Street, until the building of the current Art Gallery in the Council House complex.

William Bloye's statue of Pan, in 1989

In the 1920s, the Birmingham Corporation was having financial troubles and had to choose between saving Aston Hall and the nearby Perry Hall. Aston Hall was saved, and in 1927, the Birmingham Civic Society designed formal gardens which were constructed by the city with a workforce recruited from the unemployed and paid for by government grants. The scheme included fountains, terracing and stone urns and a statue of Pan, by William Bloye, which the Civic Society paid for itself. In 1934 the finished work was presented to the City Parks Committee and unveiled by the Vice President of The Birmingham Civic Society, Gilbert Barling. As of January 2011, Birmingham City Council was working on the restoration of the statue, the head of which was missing. The council appealed for old photographs to assist in its reconstruction.[7]

In 1938, the Pageant of Birmingham, with around 10,000 performers, was held in the grounds, to commemorate the centenary of Birmingham becoming a borough.[8]

Current status

Aston Hall is now a community museum managed by Birmingham Museums Trust, having previously been managed by Birmingham City Council until 2012. Aston Hall is open to the public during spring, summer and autumn months, following extensive renovation from 2006 to 2009. It boasts a series of period rooms which have furniture, paintings, textiles and metalwork from the collections of the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery. Visible from the House less than 200 yards to the north is Aston Villa Football club stadium. The hall received 28,804 visitors in 2019.[9]

The easternmost part of the grounds made way for the A38(M) motorway, also known as the Aston Expressway. This opened in 1972 and gave the city centre a direct link with the M6 motorway.

In October 2019, the mansion was named as the UK's top haunted heritage site, according to the Spectrum Paranormal Investigations and National Lottery.[10]

As can be seen in this 1775 watercolour by an unknown artist (now part of the British Library's King George III Topographical Collection), Aston Hall and the Church of SS Peter & Paul were originally situated in open countryside.

References

  1. ↑ Historic England. "Grade I (1219847)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 September 2009.
  2. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aston Manor" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 793.
  3. ↑ Historic England. "Aston Hall (1001199)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
  4. ↑ "English Civil War History | Aston Hall". Birmingham Museums Trust. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  5. ↑ Kelly, Richard Michael (ed.) (2003), A Christmas Carol. p.20. Broadview Literary Texts, New York: Broadview Press, ISBN 1-55111-476-3
  6. ↑ Dawson, William Francis (2007). The Project Gutenberg eBook, Christmas: Its Origin and Associations Project Gutenberg
  7. ↑ "The mystery of the headless statue". Birmingham Newsroom. Birmingham City Council. 17 January 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  8. ↑ "Watch Birmingham Centenary Pageant 1938". BFI Player. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  9. ↑ "ALVA - Association of Leading Visitor Attractions". www.alva.org.uk. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  10. ↑ "This spooky historic site has been named UK's most haunted". The Independent. 31 October 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2019.

Further reading

  • Davies, Stuart (1985). By the Gains of Industry - Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery 1885-1985. Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery. ISBN 0-7093-0131-6.
  • Fairclough, Oliver (1987). Aston Hall: A General Guide. Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery. ISBN 0-7093-0147-2.
  • Fairclough, Oliver (1984). Grand Old Mansion: The Holtes and their Successors at Aston Hall, 1618-1864. Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery. ISBN 0-7093-0122-7.
  • Haywood, William (1946). The Work of The Birmingham Civic Society 1918-46. Kynoch Press.
  • Hickman, Douglas (1970). Birmingham. Studio Vista Limited.
  • Collection of Prints: With Brief Descriptive Notes, Anastatic Drawing Society, 1858
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