| Ba 'Alawi با علوى | |
|---|---|
 Ba 'Alawi Sada people of Indonesia | |
| Current region | Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, United Arab Emirates, India, Singapore, Maldives, Comoros, South Africa, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Place of origin | Hadhramaut |
| Members | Clan: al-Mushayyakh, Al-Aidaroos, al-Muhdar, al-Attas, al-Basakut, al-Saqqaf, al-Shahab, al-Haddad, al-Jamalullail, al-Habshi, al-Hamid, al-Khirid, al-Shaykh Abu Bakr, Ba Faqih, Banahsan, al-Qadri, al-Haddar, al-Jufri and others |
| Connected families | al-Rayyan, Thangal, Nuwaythi, Ba Mashkoor, Ba Rumaidaan, Ba Hamaam, al-Amoodi, Ba Naeemi, Ba Hammudi |
| Traditions | Ba'Alawi tariqa |
The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadah Ba 'Alawi (Arabic: السادة آل باعلوي, romanized: al-sādatu al-bā'alawiy) are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. They trace their lineage to Sayyid al-Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir bin Isa al-Rumi born in 873 (260H), who emigrated from Basra to Hadhramaut[1] in 931 (320H) to avoid sectarian violence, including the invasion of the Qaramite forces into the Abbasid Caliphate.
The origin
The word Sadah or Sadat (Arabic: سادة) is a plural form of word Arabic: سيد (Sayyid), while the word Ba 'Alawi or Bani 'Alawi means descendants of Alawi (Bā is a Hadhramaut dialect form of Bani). In sum, Ba'alawi are Sayyid people who have a blood descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Alawi ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Muhajir. Meanwhile, Alawiyyin (Arabic: العلويّن; al-`alawiyyin) Sayyid term is used to describe descendants of Ali bin Abi Talib from Husayn ibn Ali (Sayyids) and Hasan ibn Ali (Sharifs). All people of Ba 'Alawi are Alawiyyin Sayyids through Husayn ibn Ali, but not all people of Alawiyyin family are of Ba 'Alawi.
The Ba 'Alawi tariqa is a Sufi order founded by one of Ahmad al-Muhajir's descendant, Muhammad al-Faqih al-Muqaddam and named after and closely tied to the Ba 'Alawi family.
Imam al-Muhajir's grandson Alawi was the first Sayyid to be born in Hadhramaut, and the only one of Imam al-Muhajir's descendants to produce a continued line; the lineages of Imam al-Muhajir's other grandsons, Basri and Jadid, were cut off after several generations. Accordingly, Imam Al-Muhajir's descendants in Hadhramaut hold the name Bā 'Alawi ("descendants of Alawi").
The Ba 'Alawi Sadah have since been living in Hadhramaut in Southern Yemen, maintaining the Sunni Creed in the fiqh school of Shafi'i. In the beginning, a descendant of Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir who became scholar in Islamic studies was called Imam, then Sheikh, but later called Habib.
It was only since 1700 AD they began to migrate[2] in large numbers out of Hadhramaut across all over the globe, often to practice da'wah (Islamic missionary work).[3] Their travels had also brought them to the Southeast Asia. These hadhrami immigrants blended with their local societies unusual in the history of diasporas. For example, the House of Jamalullail of Perlis is descended from the Ba 'Alawi. Habib Salih of Lamu, Kenya was also descended from the Ba 'Alawi. In Indonesia, quite a few of these migrants married local women or men, sometimes nobility or even royal families, and their descendants then became sultans or kings, such as in Sultanate of Pontianak or in Sultanate of Siak Indrapura.[4]
People
List of Families
Some of the family names are as follows:[5][6]
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Controversies
Unconnected Family Trees with Muhammad
Some scholars of nasab disputes the connection of Ba 'Alawi sada with Muhammad. This controversy arises from Ubaydillah figure who was claimed as a descendant of Ahmad al-Muhajir but doesn't appeared on any records or books until about 5 centuries after his era.[7][8] Some arguments which counters the narration lean the connection based on dreams, which are regarded as an invalid way and not based on facts.[9]
See also
References
- ↑ Anne K. Bang, Sufis and Scholars of the Sea: Family Networks in East Africa, 1860–1925, Routledge, 2003, pg 12
- ↑ img47.imageshack.us https://web.archive.org/web/20110719115211/http://img47.imageshack.us/img47/6217/peta20hijrah20bani20alari0.png. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ Ibrahim, Ahmad; Sharon Siddique; Yasmin Hussain, eds. (December 31, 1985). Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 407. ISBN 978-9971-988-08-1.
- ↑ Ulrike Freitag; William G. Clarence-Smith, eds. (1997). Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s to 1960s. Vol. 57 (illustrated ed.). BRILL. p. 9. ISBN 978-90-04-10771-7.
- ↑ "أنسآب السادة العلويين آل باعلوي". Shabwaah Press. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ↑ "Gelar Keluarga Alawiyyin Habaib" (in Indonesian). Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ↑ "Buku Nasab Kedua KH - Imaduddin Utsman | PDF". Scribd (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
- ↑ "Empat Nama Nasab Ba Alawi Terindikasi Kuat Fiktif" [Four Ba Alawi Lineage Names Strongly Indicated as Fictional]. RMI PWNU Banten (in Indonesian). 2023-07-17. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
- ↑ "Nasab Ba Alawi di Itsbat oleh Mimpi-Mimpi" [Ba Alawi Lineage Confirmed by Dreams]. Nahdlatul Ulum (in Indonesian). 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
Further reading
- Dostal, Walter (22 April 2005). The Saints of Hadramawt. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781850436348..
- Dostal, Walter; Wolfgang Kraus, eds. (2005). Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean (print). New York: I.B. Tauris. pp. 233–253. ISBN 9781850436348.
- Manger, Leif, O (2010). The Hadrami Diaspora: Community-Building on the Indian Ocean Rim. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-84545-742-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Azra, Azyumardi (1994). The transmission of Islamic reformism to Indonesia : networks of Middle Eastern and Malay-Indonesian 'Ulama' in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Ph.D dissertation, 1992). Ann Arbor, Mich: U.M.I.
External links
- Ba'alawi.com Ba'alawi.com | The Definitive Resource for Islam and the Alawiyyen Ancestry.
- Saada Ba Alawi of East Africa Facebook page