Chief Minister of Assam
Emblem of Assam
Incumbent
Himanta Biswa Sarma
since 10 May 2021
StatusHead of Government
AbbreviationCM
Member ofAssam Legislative Assembly
Reports toGovernor of Assam
AppointerGovernor of Assam
Term lengthAt the confidence of the assembly
five years and is subject to no term limits.[1]
PrecursorPremier of Assam
Inaugural holderGopinath Bordoloi
Formation26 January 1950 (1950-01-26)

The chief minister of Assam, an Indian state, is the head of the Government of Assam. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is the state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Assam Legislative Assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[1]

Since 1946, Assam has had 17 chief ministers. Ten of these belonged to the Indian National Congress, including Gopinath Bordoloi, the first Chief Minister of Assam, and Anwara Taimur, India's first female Muslim chief minister. Congress monopoly in the state was brought to an end when Golap Borbora led the Janata party to victory in the 1978 assembly elections. Borbora consequently became the first non congress Chief Minister of Assam. Prior to that, Borbora was the first member of the non congress opposition to be elected as a Rajya Sabha member from Assam. Congressman Tarun Gogoi is the longest-serving officeholder, having served for 15 years from 2001 to 2016. Sarbananda Sonowal became the Assam's first chief minister from the Bharatiya Janata Party, when he was sworn in on 24 May 2016. On 9 May 2021, Himanta Biswa Sarma is announced as the 15th Chief Minister of Assam.[2]

Premiers (1937-50)

Under the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature was set up with a legislative assembly and a legislative council. The premier of Assam was the head of the government and leader of the legislative assembly of Assam Province.

# Portrait Chief Minister
(Lifespan)
Constituency		 Term of office Election
(Term)		 Party Appointed by
(Governor)
1 Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah
(1885–1955)
MLA for Kamrup (South)		 1 April
1937		 19 September
1938		 1 year, 171 days 1937
(1st Provincial)		 Assam Valley Party Sir Robert Reid
2 Gopinath Bordoloi
(1890–1950)
MLA for Kamrup Sadar (South)		 19 September
1938		 17 November
1939		 1 year, 59 days Indian National Congress Sir Henry Joseph Twynam
(Acting)
(1) Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah
(1885–1955)
MLA for Kamrup (South)		 17 November
1939		 24 December
1941		 2 years, 37 days Assam Valley Party Sir Robert Reid
Governor's rule was imposed during this period (25 December 1941 – 24 August 1942)
(1) Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah
(1885–1955)
MLA for Kamrup (South)		 25 August
1942		 11 February
1946		 3 years, 170 days –
(1st Provincial)		 Assam Valley Party Sir Andrew Clow
(2) Gopinath Bordoloi
(1890–1950)
MLA for Kamrup Sadar (South)		 11 February
1946		 25 January
1950		 3 years, 348 days 1946
(2nd Provincial)		 Indian National Congress

Chief Ministers

Note: † Died in office

# Portrait Chief Minister
(Lifespan)
Constituency		 Term of office Election
(Term)		 Party Government Appointed by
(Governor)
1 Gopinath Bordoloi
(1890–1950)
MLA for Kamrup Sadar (South)		 26 January
1950		 6 August
1950[†]		 192 days 1946
(Provincial)		 Indian National Congress Bordoloi Muhammad Saleh Akbar Hydari
2 Bishnuram Medhi
(1888–1981)
MLA for Hajo		 9 August
1950		 27 December
1957		 7 years, 140 days Medhi I
1952
(1st)		 Medhi II Jairamdas Daulatram
3 Bimala Prasad Chaliha
(1912–1971)
MLA for Badarpur, until 1962
MLA for Sonari, from 1962		 27 December
1957		 6 November
1970		 12 years, 314 days 1957
(2nd)		 Chaliha I Saiyid Fazal Ali
1962
(3rd)		 Chaliha II General (Retd.)
S. M. Shrinagesh
1967
(4th)		 Chaliha III Vishnu Sahay
4 Mahendra Mohan Choudhry
(1908–1982)
MLA for Gauhati East		 6 November
1970		 30 January
1972		 1 year, 85 days Choudhry Braj Kumar Nehru
5 Sarat Chandra Sinha
(1914–2005)
MLA for Bilasipara East		 31 January
1972		 12 March
1978		 6 years, 40 days 1972
(5th)		 Sinha
6 Golap Borbora
(1926–2006)
MLA for Tinsukia		 12 March
1978		 4 September
1979		 1 year, 176 days 1978
(6th)		 Janata Party Borbora Lallan Prasad Singh
7 Jogendra Nath Hazarika
(1924–1998)
MLA for Duliajan		 9 September
1979		 11 December
1979		 93 days Hazarika
President's rule was imposed during this period (12 December 1979 – 5 December 1980)
8 Anwara Taimur
(1936–2020)
MLA for Dalgaon		 6 December
1980		 30 June
1981		 206 days –
(6th)		 Indian National Congress Taimur Lallan Prasad Singh
President's rule was imposed during this period (30 June 1981 – 13 January 1982)
9 Kesab Chandra Gogoi
(1925–1998)
MLA for Dibrugarh		 13 January
1982		 19 March
1982		 65 days –
(6th)		 Indian National Congress Kesab Prakash Mehrotra
President's rule was imposed during this period (19 March 1982 – 27 February 1983)
10 Hiteswar Saikia
(1934–1996)
MLA for Nazira		 27 February
1983		 23 December
1985		 2 years, 299 days 1983
(7th)		 Indian National Congress Saikia I Prakash Mehrotra
11 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
(born 1952)
MLA for Nowgong		 24 December
1985		 28 November
1990		 4 years, 339 days 1985
(8th)		 Asom Gana Parishad Mahanta I Bhishma Narain Singh
President's rule was imposed during this period (28 November 1990 – 30 June 1991)
(10) Hiteswar Saikia
(1934–1996)
MLA for Nazira		 30 June
1991		 22 April
1996[†]		 4 years, 297 days 1991
(9th)		 Indian National Congress Saikia II Lokanath Misra
12 Bhumidhar Barman
(1931–2021)
MLA for Barkhetry		 22 April
1996		 14 May
1996		 22 days Barman
(11) Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
(born 1952)
MLA for Barhampur		 15 May
1996		 17 May
2001		 5 years, 2 days 1996
(10th)		 Asom Gana Parishad Mahanta II
13 Tarun Gogoi
(1936–2020)
MLA for Titabar		 18 May
2001		 24 May
2016		 15 years, 6 days 2001
(11th)		 Indian National Congress Tarun I Lt. Gen. (Retd.)
Srinivas Kumar Sinha
2006
(12th)		 Tarun II Lt. Gen. (Retd.)
Ajai Singh
2011
(13th)		 Tarun III Janaki Ballabh Patnaik
14 Sarbananda Sonowal
(born 1962)
MLA for Majuli		 24 May
2016		 10 May
2021		 4 years, 351 days 2016
(14th)		 Bharatiya Janata Party Sonowal Padmanabha Acharya
15 Himanta Biswa Sarma
(born 1969)
MLA for Jalukbari		 10 May
2021		 Incumbent 2 years, 248 days 2021
(15th)		 Sarma Jagdish Mukhi

Timeline

Himanta Biswa SarmaSarbananda SonowalTarun GogoiBhumidhar BarmanPrafulla Kumar MahantaHiteswar SaikiaKesab Chandra GogoiAnwara TaimurJogendra Nath HazarikaGolap BorboraSarat Chandra SinghaMahendra Mohan ChoudhryBimala Prasad ChalihaBishnuram MedhiGopinath Bordoloi

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Assam as well.
  2. ↑ "Himanta Biswa Sarma Crowned 15th Chief Minister Of Assam". Pratidin Time. 9 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.

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