Leo Tolstoy and Family.

"Church and State" is an article by Leo Tolstoy written in 1886.[1][2] It was translated to English and then published by the anarchist Benjamin Tucker.[2][3] In this text, Tolstoy condemns anyone who collaborates with the state in committing a war, and especially condemns the Eastern Orthodox Church for supporting the Tsar's wars when Christianity teaches "Thou Shalt Not Kill."[1]

Legacy

It was republished by numerous, diverse groups, such as the Methodist Episcopal Church[3] and the anarchist paper Mother Earth, edited by Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.[4] In 1903, inspired by the Christian, anarchist, pacifist message of Tolstoy, Carlos Brandt planned with Tolstoy to have copies of it locally printed in Venezuela.[5]

Criticism

According to literary critic David Holbrook, like many of Tolstoy's other works, he advocates for sexual abstinence here, claiming that sex can "exhaust and debilitate" people.[6] He is criticized elsewhere for sexist attitudes here, where Tolstoy says that it's deplorable to see a woman "capable of bearing children at men's work."[7]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Rosamund Bartlett (2011). Tolstoy: A Russian Life. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 382. ISBN 9780547545875.
  2. 1 2 Leo Tolstoy; Victor S. Yarros; George Schumm (1891). Church and State and Other Essays; Including Money; Man and Woman: Their Respective Functions; The Mother; A Second Supplement to the Kreutzer Sonata. Translated by Benjamin R. Tucker. B. R. Tucker. p. cover.
  3. 1 2 Methodist Episcopal Church, South (1906). The Methodist Quarterly Review. Vol. 55. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. p. 117.
  4. Emma Goldman, Alexander Berkman, ed. (1914). Mother Earth. Vol. 9. Emma Goldman, Proprietor.
  5. Rodolfo Montes de Oca (2019). "Chapter 3". Venezuelan Anarchism: The History of a Movement. See Sharp Press. ISBN 9781947071377.
  6. David Holbrook (1997). Tolstoy, Woman, and Death: A Study of War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. pp. 38–9. ISBN 9780838637012.
  7. Avrom Barnett (1921). Foundations of Feminism: A Critique. R.M. McBride & Company. p. 92.
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