Brown kurrajong
Commersonia bartramia in West Java
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Commersonia
Species:
C. bartramia
Binomial name
Commersonia bartramia
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Byttneria caledonica Turcz.
    • Commerconia echinata F.Muell. orth. var.
    • Commersonia echinata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. nom. illeg., nom. superfl.
    • Commersonia echinata var. bancroftii F.M.Bailey
    • Commersonia echinata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. var. echinata
    • Commersonia echinata var. javana Miq. ex Gagnep.
    • Commersonia echinata var. platyphylla (Andrews) Gagnep.
    • Commersonia javensis G.Don
    • Commersonia platyphylla Andrews
    • Commersonia platyphylla β lechenaultii DC.
    • Muntingia bartramia L.
    • Restiaria alba Rumph.
    • Restiaria echinata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Kuntze

Commersonia bartramia, commonly known as brown kurrajong,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is native to Southeast Asia, the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales. It is a tree or shrub with heart-shaped to egg-shaped leaves much paler on the lower surface, and sometimes with fine, irregular teeth on the edges.

Description

Commersonia bartramia is a shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of up to 25 m (82 ft), the trunk up to 50 cm (20 in) in diameter and sometimes forming buttress roots. The leaves are heart-shaped to egg-shaped or broadly egg-shaped, 50–140 mm (2.0–5.5 in) long and 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) wide on a densely hairy petiole 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in) long with stipules 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) long at the base. The tip of the leaf tapers to a fine point, there are sometimes fine, irregular teeth on the lower surface, and the lower surface is much paler than the upper surface. The flowers are arranged in dense heads of 20 to 100 or more 30–100 mm (1.2–3.9 in) long, the groups on a peduncle 5–25 mm (0.20–0.98 in) long, each flower on pedicel 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) long. The sepal are joined at the base with 5 white lobes 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) long, and five white petals with ligules as long as the sepal lobes, and there is a single staminodes between each pair of stamens. Flowering occurs from October to March and the fruit is a hairy, dark capsule 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) long.[2][3]

Taxonomy

Brown kurrajong was first formally described in 1759 by Carl Linnaeus who gave it the name Muntingia bartramia in Amoenitates Academicae.[4][5] In 1917, Elmer Drew Merrill changed the name to Commersonia bartramia in his book, An Interpretation of Rumphius's Herbarium Amboinense.[6][7]

The specific epithet (bartramia) honours the American botanist, John Bartram.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Commersonia bartramia grows in rainforest, and along creeks and gullies near the edges of rainforest. It is a common species in regrowth areas of rainforest and occurs from southern China to as far south as the Bellinger River in New South Wales.[3][8]

References

  1. 1 2 "Commersonia bartramia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  2. 1 2 Harden, Gwen J. "Commersonia bartramia". Royal Botanic Garden Sudney. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 Blake, Trevor L. (2021). Lantern bushes of Australia ; Thomasias & allied genera : a field and horticultural guide. Victoria: Australian Plants Society, Keilor Plains Group. pp. 166–167. ISBN 9780646839301.
  4. ↑ "Muntingia bartramia". APNI. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  5. ↑ Linnaeus, Carl (1759). Amoenitates academicae. New York: Apud Godofredum Kiesewetter. p. 124. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  6. ↑ "Commersonia bartramia". APNI. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  7. ↑ Merrill, Elmer Drew (1917). An interpretation of Rumphius's Herbarium amboinense. Manila: Bureau of Printing. pp. 362–363. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  8. ↑ "Commersonia bartramia". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
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