Danjong of Joseon
朝鮮端宗
조선 단종
Portrait of Danjong, c. 1927
King Emeritus of Joseon
Tenure4 July 1455 – 21 July 1457
PredecessorTaejong of Joseon
SuccessorSejo of Joseon
King of Joseon
Reign10 June 1452 – 4 July 1455
CoronationGeunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeongbok Palace, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
PredecessorMunjong of Joseon
SuccessorSejo of Joseon
BornYi Hong-wi (이홍위, 李弘暐)
18 August 1441
Jaseondang Hall, Gyeongbok Palace, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Died17 November 1457(1457-11-17) (aged 16)
Yeongwol, Gangwon Province, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial
Jangneung Tomb, Yeongwol County, Gangwon Province, South Korea
Spouse(s)
​
(m. 1454)​
Posthumous name
  • Joseon dynasty: King Sunjeong Anjang Gyeongsun Donhyo the Great
    • 순정 안장 경순 돈효 대왕
    • 純定安莊景順敦孝大王
Temple name
Danjong (단종, 端宗)
ClanJeonju Yi clan
DynastyHouse of Yi
FatherMunjong of Joseon
MotherQueen Hyeondeok
ReligionKorean Confucianism (Neo-Confucianism)
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationDanjong
McCune–ReischauerTanjong
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationI Hongwi
McCune–ReischauerYi Hongwi

Danjong of Joseon (18 August 1441 – 17 November 1457),[1] personal name Yi Hong-wi (Korean: 이홍위; Hanja: 李弘暐), was the sixth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was forced to abdicate by his uncle, Grand Prince Suyang (the future King Sejo), and was put to death after being exiled to Yeongwol.[2]

Biography

The future Danjong was born during the reign of his grandfather, King Sejong. His mother, Crown Princess Consort Gwon (posthumously honored as Queen Hyeondeok), didn’t recover after giving birth and died the next day. He had one older sister, Princess Gyeonghye, and one older half-sister, Princess Gyeongsuk.

In 1452, Yi Hong-wi succeeded his father, King Munjong, at the age of 12. Since he was too young to rule, the governing of the country fell to Chief State Councillor Hwangbo In, and Left State Councillor General Kim Jong-seo, along with Princess Gyeonghye acting as his guardian.[3]

In 1453, this government was overthrown in a coup d'état led by his uncle, Grand Prince Suyang (posthumously called King Sejo), who persuaded a number of scholars and officials who had served in the court of Sejong the Great to support his claim to the throne. Hwangbo In and Kim Jong-seo were captured and killed in front of the gate of Gyeongbok Palace.

In late January 1454, the 14 years-old king married the 15 years-old daughter of Song Hyeon-su, Lady Song the Yeosan Song clan (later known as Queen Jeongsun). In 1455, he was forced to abdicate and became the King Emeritus of Joseon while his wife became Queen Dowager Uideok.

The following year, six court officials attempted to restore him to power, but their plot was discovered and they were immediately executed. Yi Hong-wi was later demoted to Prince Nosan (Nosan Gun; 노산군, 魯山君) and exiled to Yeongwol. His wife was also kicked out of the palace after losing her status as queen dowager and being demoted to Princess Consort Nosan (Nosan Gunbuin; 노산군부인).

Perceiving that he would present a continuing threat to his rule, Sejo accepted the advice of the court and ordered that his nephew be disposed of. In November 1457, he was put to death.

There was an attempt to honor the late king and queen during Jungjong’s reign, but he rejected the proposal. During the reign of King Sukjong scholars once again proposed the restoration of the titles. After 200 years, in 1698, the demoted Prince Nosan and his wife were finally restored, receiving the temple name "Danjong", and posthumous name “Queen Jeongsun”.

Family

Consorts and their respective issue(s):

  1. Queen Jeongsun of the Yeosan Song clan (1440 – 7 July 1521) (정순왕후 송씨)[4][5][6][7]
  2. Royal Consort Sug-ui of the Sangsan Kim clan (1440 – 1525) (숙의 김씨)[8][9]
  3. Royal Consort Sug-ui of the Andong Gwon clan (? – 1519) (숙의 권씨)[10][11][9]

Ancestry

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ According to the Gregorian Calendar.
  2. ↑ Lee, Jeong-bong (1 June 2011). "A hamlet rich in history and art". Joongang Daily. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  3. ↑ An, Seung-jun (4 April 2014). "Forgotten story of Princess Gyeonghye". The Korea Times. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
  4. ↑ Daughter of Song Hyeon-su, Internal Prince Yeonyang (여량부원군 송현수); and Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨).
  5. ↑ Her aunt was Grand Princess Consort Daebang (대방부부인), the second wife of Grand Prince Yeongeung.
  6. ↑ Demoted to "Princess Consort Nosan" (노산군부인) following her husband's deposition. Restored in 1698, during the reign of King Sukjong.
  7. ↑ Married on 31 January 1454.
  8. ↑ Daughter of Kim Sa-u (김사우, 金師禹) (1415 – 1464) and Lady Yi of the Gwangju Yi clan (광주 이씨).
  9. 1 2 Concubine of the second junior rank (Sug-ui; 숙의, 淑儀).
  10. ↑ Her personal name was Gwon Jong-bi (권중비, 權仲非).
  11. ↑ Daughter of Gwon Wan (권완, 權完) (? – 1457), and a relative of Gwon Ram.
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