The Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), developed by Lewis and Simons (2010), measures a language's status in terms of endangerment or development.[1] [2]

The table below shows the various levels on the scale:

LEVEL LABEL DESCRIPTION UNESCO
0International"The language is used internationally for a broad range of functions."Safe
1National"The language is used in education, work, mass media, government at the nationwide level."Safe
2Regional"The language is used for local and regional mass media and governmental services."Safe
3Trade"The language is used for local and regional work by both insiders and outsiders."Safe
4Educational"Literacy in the language is being transmitted through a system of public education."Safe
5Written"The language is used orally by all generations and is effectively used in written form in parts of the community."Safe
6aVigorous"The language is used orally by all generations and is being learned by children as their first language."Safe
6bThreatened"The language is used orally by all generations but only some of the child-bearing generation are transmitting it to their children."Vulnerable
7Shifting"The child-bearing generation knows the language well enough to use it among themselves but none are transmitting it to their children."Definitely Endangered
8aMoribund"The only remaining active speakers of the language are members of the grandparent generation."Severely Endangered
8bNearly Extinct"The only remaining speakers of the language are members of the grandparent generation or older who have little opportunity to use the language."Critically Endangered
9Dormant"The language serves as a reminder of heritage identity for an ethnic community. No one has more than symbolic proficiency."Extinct
10Extinct"No one retains a sense of ethnic identity associated with the language, even for symbolic purposes. "Extinct

The EGIDS model has become widely known, cited in 555 publications as of August 2021.[3]

References

  1. Lewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary F. (2010). "Assessing endangerment: Expanding Fishman's GIDS" (PDF). Revue roumaine de linguistique. 55 (2): 103–120. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  2. "Language Status". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  3. "Google Scholar".
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