Yarkon Park
TypeUrban park
LocationTel Aviv, Israel
Coordinates32°06′00″N 34°48′36″E / 32.10000°N 34.81000°E / 32.10000; 34.81000
Area3.5 km²
Established1951 (1951), Opened 1973 (1973)
Operated byTel Aviv municipality
Visitors16 million
StatusOpen all year

Yarkon Park (Hebrew: פארק הירקון, Park HaYarkon) is a large park in Tel Aviv, Israel, with about sixteen million visits annually.[1] Named after the Yarkon River which flows through it, the park includes extensive lawns, sports facilities, botanical gardens, an aviary, a water park, two outdoor concert venues and lakes. The park covers an area of 3.5 km². At 375 hectares, it is slightly larger than Central Park in New York, and double the size of Hyde Park, London.[2]

History

The area which became Yarkon Park, showing Jewish land ownership (green shading) in June 1947. Light green is land in private Jewish ownership and dark green is JNF land.
Seven Mills sign in Yarkon Park: “Nothing remains of the impoverished Jarisha village which was situated here in the past”. Noga Kadman's Erased from Space and Consciousness notes that Israeli signage and literature does not mention the Palestinian Arab population who used the mills.[3]

In 1925, the municipality of Tel Aviv invited urban planner Patrick Geddes to prepare an expansion of the city towards the Yarkon, which was considered the city's natural border. Palestinian Arab and Jewish farmers grew vegetables and maintained orchards on the banks of the river, and Geddes suggested a park should be established on the Yarkon's southern bank.[2] Planting of trees began in the early 1940s, starting on the river's southern bank and expanding eastward with the city, though at that time, without a comprehensive plan. This was implemented for the benefit of the city's inhabitants, predominantly Olim from Europe who were unaccustomed to the region's climate, and with the goal of establishing Jewish ownership, European imagery, and a callback to a biblical landscape likely more verdant than that of the region in the 20th century.[2]

1948 brought about unprecedented change to the region. The mass displacement of Palestinians, along with urban overcrowding caused by the arrival of one million Jews from Europe and the Middle East presented Prime Minister Ben Gurion with an opportunity to establish new parks. In 1950, the government of Israel established 175 hectares on the northern bank of the Yarkon, for the purpose of establishing a park, and a planting project then began on the Yarkon's northern bank.[2] This northern area had been within the village lands of Al-Shaykh Muwannis; today the park also covers parts of the village lands of Jarisha, Al-Mas'udiyya and Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi.[4]

In 1959, the Mapai (Labor Party) came into power in Tel Aviv. They were already in power on the national level. This union of local and national government allowed the inception of various large scale projects in Tel-Aviv. In 1961, damage to the Yarkon's banks lead the municipality to initiate development of a comprehensive plan for Yarkon Park.[2] When it was opened to the public in 1973, it was called Ganei Yehoshua, honoring Yehoshua Rabinovich, the mayor of Tel Aviv between 1969 and 1974.[5]

Landmarks

The Seven Mills section of the park contains the remnants of Jarisha/Jarisha Mills,[6][7] a Palestinian village that was depopulated in the lead up to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.[8]

Tel Gerisa is an archaeological site in the park, that has been identified by Benjamin Mazar[9] and Yohanan Aharoni[10] with the biblical Gath Rimmon. The landmark preserves the name of the historically nearby Palestinian Arab village of Jarisha, after which the tel was named.[3]

The Rock Garden, one of the largest of its kind in the world, reflects Israel's geological diversity. In its 4-hectare enclosure, the rocks are interspersed with some 3,500 species of plants, including over 2.4 hectares of cacti. The 2-hectare Tropical Garden has a wooden walkway shaded by palm trees, leading to a small lake. The rainforest-like microclimate supports a large variety of orchids and vines.

Yarkon River runs through the park and reaches the Mediterranean Sea at the park's western edge, then connects into the Tel Aviv Port, an entertainment and tourism center. Despite clean-up efforts in the last few years, the river is still polluted. Despite its polluted waters, in July 2011 Tel Aviv's mayor, Ron Huldai, jumped into the water and swam in the lake. Nevertheless, the region has retained its biodiversity. It is home to an abundance of insects, water fowl, golden jackals, porcupines and mongoose.[11]

The park has six gardens: Gan HaBanim (Fallen Soldiers Memorial Garden), Gan Nifga'ei HaTeror (Terror Victims Memorial Garden), Gan HaSlaim (Rock Garden), Gan HaKaktusim (Cacti Garden), HaGan HaGazum (Trimmed Garden), and HaGan HaTropi (Tropical Garden).

Yarkon Park from Kiryat Atidim to the Mediterranean Sea

Music events

Paul McCartney concert in 2008

Many popular musical acts have played the park, including Michael Jackson, Bob Dylan, Paul McCartney, The Rolling Stones, Peter Gabriel, Madonna, David Bowie, Carlos Santana, Dire Straits, Bon Jovi, Elton John, Aerosmith, Metallica, U2, Depeche Mode, Guns N' Roses, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Ugly Kid Joe, Linkin Park, Ozzy Osbourne, Joe Cocker, Morrissey, Eurythmics, Westlife, Five, Justin Timberlake, Robbie Williams, Rihanna, Sia, OneRepublic, Lady Gaga, Justin Bieber, Rod Stewart, Queen + Adam Lambert, Noa Kirel, Britney Spears and Jennifer Lopez.

American singer Britney Spears performed in the park on July 3, 2017, as part of her Britney: Live in Concert. It was attended by a crowd of 60,000 people.[12] Due to the concert, the Israeli Labor Party delayed their election for a new chairperson by a day. It was originally scheduled for July 3, the same day as Spears's concert, but party officials feared traffic jams and that party members would choose the concert over finding a polling station.[13]

Michael Jackson performed there, on September 19/21, 1993 during his Dangerous World Tour attended by a crowd of 70,000 people in the first show and 100,000 people in the second show.[14]

Italian opera house La Scala performed a free outdoor concert of Verdi's Requiem in the park as a part of Tel Aviv's 100th anniversary celebrations, attracting about 100,000 people.[15]

American singer Jennifer Lopez performed in the park as part of her It's My Party (tour) on August 1, 2019. It was attended by a crowd of 57,000 people.

Concerts

List of concerts at Yarkon Park
Year Date Artist Tour Tickets Gross
1985 May 1 Dire Straits Brothers in Arms Tour — —
May 2
1987 July 21 Tina Turner Break Every Rule Tour — —
July 22
September 5 Bob Dylan Temples in Flames Tour — —
1993 May 22 Guns N' Roses Use Your Illusion Tour 40,000 —
June 17 Elton John The One Tour — —
June 30 Metallica Black Album Tour — —
September 19 Michael Jackson Dangerous World Tour 170,000[16] —
September 21 —
October 4 Madonna The Girlie Show World Tour 80,000 —
1994 July 12 Aerosmith Get a Grip Tour — —
1996 July 3 David Bowie Outside Summer Festivals Tour — —
1997 September 30 U2 PopMart Tour 31,566 $1,809,388
2001 May 16 Westlife Where Dreams Come True Tour — —
2008 September 25 Paul McCartney Friendship First Concert 45,000[17] —
2009 September 1 Madonna Sticky & Sweet Tour 99,674 $14,656,063
September 2
2010 September 28 Ozzy Osbourne Scream World Tour 25,000 —
November 15 Linkin Park A Thousand Suns World Tour 45,000 —
2011 April 14 Justin Bieber My World Tour 23,000[18] —
2012 July 3 Guns N' Roses Up Close and Personal Tour — —
September 10 Red Hot Chili Peppers I'm with You Tour 50,000[19] —
2013 May 7 Depeche Mode Delta Machine Tour 49,325 $1,752,446
October 22 Rihanna Diamonds World Tour 50,554 $6,121,631
2014 May 28 Justin Timberlake The 20/20 Experience World Tour 44,634 $5,169,975
June 4 The Rolling Stones 14 On Fire 48,167 $8,276,709
September 13 Lady Gaga ArtRave: The Artpop Ball 18,984 $1,786,945
2015 May 2 Robbie Williams Let Me Entertain You Tour 40,000[20] —
May 28 OneRepublic Native Tour 20,000[21] —
October 3 Bon Jovi Bon Jovi Live! 56,000[22] —
2016 September 12 Queen + Adam Lambert 2016 Summer Festival Tour 50,000[23] —
May 26 Elton John Wonderful Crazy Night Tour — —
August 11 Sia Nostalgic for the Present Tour 39,000[24] —
2017 May 3 Justin Bieber Purpose World Tour 53,813[25] $6,495,093
May 17 Aerosmith Aero-Vederci Baby! Tour 50,000[26] —
June 14 Rod Stewart The Hits Tour 20,000[27] —
July 3 Britney Spears Piece of Me Tour 60,000[12][28][29] —
July 15 Guns N' Roses Not In This Lifetime... Tour 57,204 $6,761,681
July 19 Radiohead A Moon Shaped Pool Tour 48,011 $6,221,906
2018 May 26 Enrique Iglesias Enrique Iglesias Live 41,365 $2,946,286
June 28 Maluma Fame Tour — —
2019 July 25 Bon Jovi This House Is Not for Sale Tour 50,000 —
August 1 Jennifer Lopez It's My Party 57,000[30] —
2022 May 9 Maroon 5 2022 Tour 60,000 —
May 10 50,000 —
2023 March 14 Travis Scott — 35,000 —
June 1 Robbie Williams XXV Tour 30,000 —
June 5 Guns N' Roses We're F'N' Back! Tour 60,000 —
August 29 Imagine Dragons Mercury World Tour
September 23 Noa Kirel 60,000[31] —
October 4 Bruno Mars data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | — 63,000
October 7

See also

References

  1. ↑ Park Hayarkon – the Central Park of Tel Aviv
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Alon-Mozes, Tal; Gilad-Ilsar, Shirili (2020-01-02). "Modern park for a modern city: planning Tel Aviv's Yarkon Park during the 1960s-1970s". Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes. 40 (1): 80–94. doi:10.1080/14601176.2019.1671055. ISSN 1460-1176. S2CID 211653497.
  3. 1 2 Kadman, N.; Yiftachel, O. (2015). Erased from Space and Consciousness: Israel and the Depopulated Palestinian Villages of 1948. Indiana University Press. pp. 110, 122. ISBN 978-0-253-01682-9. Another example is the westernmost watermill in the Seven Mills compound of HaYarkon Park in Tel Aviv, described on the JNF website as "one of the five mills built along the banks of the Yarkon river in the Ottoman period." The mill was used by villagers of Jarisha, which goes unmentioned. The use of the term "Ottoman," just like the emphasis on the Crusader period of village sites, fits well the tendency of presenting the historical periods between the Jewish exile to Babylon up to the establishment of the State of Israel as a sequence of foreign occupations, while ignoring the local Arab population that was living in the country at the same time… In most cases (sixty-five), the Arabic name of the landscape feature is echoed in the Hebraized name, even if the village itself is left unmarked and unmentioned. Examples include Tel Grisa by Jarisha village in Tel Aviv's HaYarkon Park; Tsemach Beach, near which the village of Samakh used to stand; the Hadas Stream passing by Biyar 'Adas village in Hod HaSharon; the Nurit Spring once serving the village of Nuris on the Gilbo'a ridge, and the Nah.ash Well by the village of Dayr Nakhkhas. Ronnie Kokhavi-Nehab calls this phenomenon "present-absence," pointing out its recurrence in the names of places within kibbutzim, "such as the name of the stream flowing by the kibbutz, or a ruin remaining within its boundaries, or a grove still bearing fruit, or the name of land plots in the field."
  4. ↑ Meishar, Naama (2017). "Up/Rooting: Breaching Landscape Architecture in the Jewish-Arab City". AJS Review. Project Muse. 41 (1): 99–100. doi:10.1017/s0364009417000101. ISSN 0364-0094. S2CID 164647567. Ha-Yarkon Park was established in 1952 on the lands of the village of Al-Shaykh Muwannis. Inaugurated in 1974, this 3.5-square-kilometer lawny park also covers the lands of Jarisha, Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi, and Masʻudiya (fig. 3). [Footnote 64. "Netiʻat ha-park ha-leʼumi me-ʻever la-Yarkon," 5 May 1952 (memorandum by Seʻadiya Shoshani, the head of the Planting and Gardening Department in Tel Aviv–Jaffa Municipality). This memorandum announces a planting ceremony on May 13, 1952 "near the Shaykh-Muwannis village with presence of the prime minister" (translation by the author).
  5. ↑ Changing pollution into paradise
  6. ↑ "The Seven Mills Site on the Uja - the Yarkon - River Banks". Ganey Yehosha. Retrieved 2022-04-10.
  7. ↑ "טיול בזמן אל טחנת הקמח המשוחזרת בפארק הירקון בתל אביב". הארץ (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2022-04-10.
  8. ↑ Elmusa, Sharif S.; Khalidi, Muhammad Ali (1992). All that Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 978-0-88728-224-9.
  9. ↑ Negev, Avraham; Gibson, Shimon (2001). Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. Continuum. pp. 194–195. ISBN 978-0-8264-1316-1.
  10. ↑ Eero Junkkaala (2003). Three Conquests Of Canaan. Abo Akademi University Press.
  11. ↑ At Tel Aviv's Yarkon Park, they're sweating the small stuff
  12. 1 2 "Watch Britney Spears Performing In Tel Aviv for 60K Crowd". 9 July 2023.
  13. ↑ "Oops! Britney Spears gig forces Israeli Labour party to delay leadership contest". The Guardian. 5 April 2017.
  14. ↑ "Behind the Headlines: Michael Jackson Visit to Israel Was Taste of Normalcy for Teens". 20 March 2015.
  15. ↑ "Opera Celebrates Tel Aviv's centennial". Entertainment News. 17 July 2009.
  16. ↑ "Behind the Headlines: Michael Jackson Visit to Israel Was Taste of Normalcy for Teens". 20 March 2015.
  17. ↑ Macintyre, Donald (25 September 2008). "First Night: Sir Paul McCartney, Hayarkon Park, Tel Aviv". Independent.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07.
  18. ↑ "Justin Bieber: Very excited to visit Israel for the second time". 3 May 2017.
  19. ↑ Steinberg, Jessica. "Red Hot Chili Peppers give it away to 50,000 at Tel Aviv show". The Times of Israel.
  20. ↑ "40,000 Israelis let pop star Robbie Williams entertain them". The Times of Israel.
  21. ↑ Friedman, Ami (13 August 2016). "Is One Republic returning to Israel?". Ynetnews.
  22. ↑ "Empathetic Jon Bon Jovi dedicates song 'We Don't Run' to Israelfirst=The Time of Israel". The Times of Israel.
  23. ↑ Bier-Katz, Yael (12 September 2016). "Queen rocks it out in Tel Aviv". Ynetnews.
  24. ↑ Pitchon, Avi. "Sia's Electronic Rain Beautifully Pierces Tel Aviv's Humidity". Haaretz.
  25. ↑ "Top 100 Worldwide Concert Grosses" (PDF).
  26. ↑ "Steven Tyler tours Israel ahead of farewell tour in TLV". 16 May 2017.
  27. ↑ Shechnik, Raz (15 June 2017). "Rod Stewart duets with Israeli singer Rita in Tel Aviv concert". Ynetnews.
  28. ↑ Apaza, Kevin. "Massive: Britney Spears Performs For 60K Crowd In Tel Aviv, Israel".
  29. ↑ "Britney Spears performs for 55,000 fans in Israel". The Times of Israel.
  30. ↑ "J-Lo celebrates 50 with an adoring, dancing crowd in Tel Aviv". The Times of Israel. August 11, 2019. Retrieved August 2, 2019.
  31. ↑ "Noa Kirel wows 60,000 in Yarkon Park, hosts Cyprus Eurovision representative". Y Net News. September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
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