Illinois's 1st State
House of Representatives
district
Representative
  Aaron Ortiz
D–Chicago
since 2019
Demographics9.4% White
8.1% Black
78.9% Hispanic
2.5% Asian
0.1% Native American
0.0% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
0.3% Other
Population (2020)109,593
Created1983–present
1849–1873, 1957–1973
Notes

Illinois's 1st House of Representatives district is a Representative district within the Illinois House of Representatives located in Cook County, Illinois. It has been represented by Democrat Aaron Ortiz since January 9, 2019. The district was previously represented by Democrat Daniel J. Burke from 2013 to 2018.

The district covers parts of Chicago, Forest View, and Stickney, and of Chicago's neighborhoods, it covers Archer Heights, Bridgeport, Brighton Park, Chicago Lawn, Gage Park, Garfield Ridge, McKinley Park, New City, and West Elsdon.[1][2]

Representative district history

Prior to the ratification of the 1848 Illinois Constitution, counties (or two or more counties) were designated a certain number of Senators and Representatives. With the ratification of the 1848 Illinois Constitution, Legislative and Representative districts were numbered and called by name. Each district was still assigned a certain number of Senators and Representatives. After the passage of the 1872 Apportionment, only Legislative districts were drawn with Representatives elected cumulatively. The 1954 amendment to the 1870 Illinois Constitution established Representative districts as separate from Legislative districts (with representatives still elected cumulatively). The boundaries of Representative and Legislative districts would differ.[3] After the United States Supreme Court ruled in Reynolds v. Sims (1964) that "both houses of state legislatures must be apportioned according to districts of equal population," new districts were redrawn for the Illinois Senate and Illinois House of Representatives. While the Legislative districts were redrawn, the Governor and General Assembly failed to agree on Representative district boundaries. Under the 1954 amendment, "a 10-man bipartisan commission appointed by the governor from recommendations made by both parties" were directed to redraw boundaries but failed to do so in 1963. Because of this failure, and with no district boundaries redrawn, all Representative districts were temporarily merged into one at-large district with 177 representatives (the total number of representatives at the time). The 1964 Illinois House election had several candidates running for all 177 seats throughout the state.[4] In 1965, the Representative districts were redrawn by the Illinois Legislative Reapportionment Commission and elections held in 1966 were done with separate districts.[5] With the 1971 Apportionment (and adoption of the 1970 Illinois Constitution), Representative districts were abolished and representatives were once again elected cumulatively per Legislative district.[6] After the passage of the Cutback Amendment in 1980, the number of Representatives was reduced from 177 to 118 with Representative districts re-established and now electing a single representative.

Prominent representatives

Representative Notes

John Dougherty		 Elected the 17th Lieutenant Governor of Illinois (1869 – 1873)
Elected as a judge in the Illinois circuit courts (1877 – 1879)
Bradley M. Glass Served as a lieutenant in the United States Navy
Jack E. Walker Elected the 62nd Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives (1969 – 1971)
Anthony Scariano Served as a judge in the Illinois Appellate Court (1985 – 1996)
Brian Barnett Duff Served as a judge in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (1985 – 1996)
Served as senior judge in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (1996 – 2016)

Suzana Mendoza		 Elected the 10th Illinois Comptroller (2016 – present)

List of representatives

1849 – 1873

Representative[7] Party Years[lower-alpha 1] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
District established with 1848 Illinois Constitution
John Cochran Democratic[8] January 1, 1849 –
January 6, 1851		 16th Elected in 1848
Was not re-elected in 1850		 Alexander
Pulaski
Union
Cyrus G. Simons Unknown January 6, 1851 –
January 3, 1853		 17th Elected in 1850
Was not re-elected in 1852
John Cochran Democratic[9][10] January 3, 1853 –
January 1, 1855		 18th Elected back in 1852
Was not re-elected in 1854
F. M. Rawlings January 1, 1855 –
January 5, 1857		 19th Elected in 1854
Was not re-elected in 1856

John Dougherty		 Republican January 5, 1857 –
January 3, 1859		 20th Elected in 1856
Was not re-elected in 1858
William A. Hacker Democratic[11] January 3, 1859 –
January 5, 1863		 21st
22nd		 Elected in 1858
Re-elected in 1860
Was not re-elected in 1862
James H. Smith Unknown January 5, 1863 –
January 2, 1865		 23rd Elected in 1862
Was not re-elected in 1864
Henry W. Webb Democratic
[12][13][14]		 January 2, 1865 –
January 7, 1867		 24th Elected in 1864
Was not re-elected in 1866
Newton R. Casey January 7, 1867 –
January 4, 1871		 25th
26th		 Elected in 1866
Re-elected in 1868
Was not re-elected in 1870
H. Watson Webb January 4, 1871 –
January 8, 1873		 27th Elected in 1870
Was not re-elected in 1872		 Alexander
District abolished with 1872 Reapportionment as 3 Representatives were now elected cumulatively from Legislative districts.

1957 – 1973

Representative[7] Party Party Control Years[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
District re-established in 1957
Jack E. Walker Republican 2 Republicans
1 Democrat		 January 9, 1957 –
January 6, 1965		 70th
71st
72nd
73rd		 Elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Re-elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Did not run in At-large election		 Cook
Maurino Richton January 9, 1957 –
January 4, 1961		 70th
71st		 Elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Retired.
Anthony Scariano Democratic January 9, 1957 –
January 6, 1965		 70th
71st
72nd
73rd		 Elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Re-elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Re-elected to At-large district
Edwin A. McGowan Republican January 4, 1961 –
January 6, 1965		 72nd
73rd		 Elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Did not run in At-large election
The district was temporarily abolished from 1965 to 1967 due to the Redistricting Commission in 1963 failing to reach an agreement. An at-large election was held electing 177 Representatives from across the state.
Frances L. Dawson Republican 2 Republicans
1 Democrat		 January 4, 1967 –
January 13, 1971		 75th
76th		 Redistricted from At-large district and re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968
Ran for Trustee of the University of Illinois and lost.		 Cook
Alan R. Johnston January 4, 1967 –
January 13, 1971		 Redistricted from At-large district and re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968
Retired.
Harold A. Katz Democratic January 4, 1967 –
January 10, 1973		 75th
76th
77th		 Redistricted from At-large district and re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968
Re-elected in 1970
Re-districted to 1st Legislative district and re-elected in 1972
Brian Barnett Duff Republican January 13, 1971 –
January 10, 1973		 77th Elected in 1970
Redistricted to 1st Legislative district and re-elected in 1972
Bradley M. Glass January 13, 1971 –
January 10, 1973		 Elected in 1970
Ran for Illinois Senate in the 1st Legislative district in 1972 and won.
District abolished with 1971 Reapportionment as Representatives were once again elected from Legislative districts.

1983 – present

Representative[7] Party Years[lower-alpha 2] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
District re-established and representatives were now elected one per district with the passage of the Cutback Amendment.
Alan J. Greiman Democratic January 12, 1983 –
???		 83rd
84th		 Redistricted from the 15th district and re-elected in 1982
Re-elected in 1984
Re-elected in 1986
Appointed as a Judge to Circuit Court of Cook County in 1987		 Cook
85th
Vacant  ??? –
July 1987

Lou Lang		 Democratic July 1987 –
January 13, 1993		 Appointed July 1987
Elected in 1988
Re-elected in 1990
Redistricted to the 16th Representative district
86th
87th
Rafael "Ray" Frias January 13, 1993 –
???		 88th Elected in 1992
Re-elected in 1994
Resigned before the end of the 88th GA.
Vacant ??? –
April 1, 1995
89th
Fernando A. Frias Democratic April 1, 1995 –
January 8, 1997		 Appointed April 1, 1995
Retired.
Sonia Silva January 8, 1997 –
January 10, 2001		 90th
91st		 Elected in 1996
Re-elected in 1998
Lost renomination.

Suzana Mendoza		 January 10, 2001 –
May 16, 2011		 92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th		 Elected in 2000
Re-elected in 2002
Re-elected in 2004
Re-elected in 2006
Re-elected in 2008
Re-elected in 2010
Elected City Clerk of Chicago in 2011 and resigned her Representative seat
97th
Vacant May 16, 2011 –
May 2011
Dena M. Carli Democratic May 2011 –
January 9, 2013		 Appointed in May 2011
Retired.
Daniel J. Burke January 9, 2013 –
December 30, 2018		 98th
99th		 Redistricted from the 23rd Representative district and re-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014
Re-elected in 2016
Lost renomination and retired before the end of the 100th GA.
100th
Vacant December 30, 2018 –
January 9, 2019
Aaron Ortiz Democratic January 9, 2019 –
present		 101st
102nd
103rd		 Elected in 2018
Re-elected in 2020
Re-elected in 2022

Historic District Boundaries

Years County Municipalities/Townships Notes
2023 – present Cook Chicago (Archer Heights, Bridgeport, Brighton Park, Chicago Lawn, Gage Park, Garfield Ridge, McKinley Park, New City, West Elsdon), Forest View, Stickney [1][2]
2013 – 2023 Chicago (Archer Heights, Brighton Park, Chicago Lawn, Garfield Ridge, New City, and West Elsdon), Forest View [15][2]
2003 – 2013 Chicago [16]
1993 – 2003 Chicago [17]
1983 – 1993 Parts of Jefferson Township, parts of Lake View Township, parts of Niles Township, parts of Rogers Park Township, Chicago [18]
1967 – 1973 Evanston Township, parts of Northfield Township, New Trier Township, parts of Niles Township [19]
1957 – 1965 Bloom Township, Calumet Township, Rich Township, Thornton Township [20]
1871 – 1873 Alexander Cairo, Dogtooth, Goose Island, Santa Fe, Thebes, Unity [21][22]
1849 – 1871 Alexander
Pulaski
Union		 America, Cairo, Caledonia, Clear Creek, Cobden, Elvira, Fulton, Hamburg, Jonesboro, Mill Creek, Mound City, Mounds, Mount Pleasant, Napoleon, North Caledonia, Pulaski, Santa Fe, Thebes, Toledo, Trinity, Ullin, Union Point, Unity, Villa Ridge, Western Saratoga, Wetaug [21][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]

Electoral history

2030 – 2022

2022 Illinois House of Representatives election[33]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Aaron M. Ortiz (incumbent) 11,611 100.0
Total votes 11,611 100.0

2020 – 2012

2020 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Aaron M. Ortiz (incumbent) 21,204 100.0 N/A
Total votes 21,204 100.0
2018 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Aaron M. Ortiz 16,913 100.0 N/A
Total votes 16,913 100.0
2018 Illinois House of Representatives Democratic primary[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Aaron M. Ortiz 5,636 53.12
Democratic Daniel J. Burke (incumbent) 4,974 46.88
Total votes 10,610 100.0
2016 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Daniel J. Burke (incumbent) 21,609 100.0 N/A
Total votes 21,609 100.0
2014 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Daniel J. Burke (incumbent) 11,710 100.0 N/A
Total votes 11,710 100.0
2012 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Daniel J. Burke 18,561 100.0 N/A
Total votes 18,561 100.0

2010 – 2002

2010 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza (incumbent) 7,210 100.0 N/A
Total votes 7,210 100.0
2008 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza (incumbent) 12,132 100.0 +9.12%
Total votes 12,132 100.0
2006 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza (incumbent) 8,669 90.88 -9.12%
Republican Suzanne Ramos 870 9.12 N/A
Total votes 9,539 100.0
2004 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza (incumbent) 11,264 100.0 N/A
Total votes 11,264 100.0
2002 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza (incumbent) 7,456 100.0 N/A
Total votes 7,456 100.0

2000 – 1992

2000 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Susana Mendoza 10,054 100.0 +18.83%
Total votes 10,054 100.0
2000 Illinois House of Representatives Democratic primary[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Susana Mendoza 4,343 55.16
Democratic Sonia Silva (incumbent) 3,530 44.84
Total votes 7,873 100.0
1998 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Sonia Silva (incumbent) 6,237 81.17 -18.83%
Republican Theresa Garcia 1,447 18.83 N/A
Total votes 7,684 100.0
1996 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Sonia Silva 9,832 100.0 N/A
Total votes 9,832 100.0
1994 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Rafael "Ray" Frias (incumbent) 5,642 100.0 N/A
Total votes 5,642 100.0
1992 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Rafael "Ray" Frias 10,342 100.0 +33.58%
Total votes 10,342 100.0

1990 – 1982

1990 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Louis I. Lang (incumbent) 18,399 66.42 +5.95%
Republican Peggy Agnos 9,301 33.57 -5.95%
Total votes 27,700 100.0
1988 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Louis I. Lang (incumbent) 24,361 60.47 -5.92%
Republican Kenneth H. Hollander 15,919 39.52 +5.92%
Total votes 40,280 100.0
1986 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Alan J. Greiman (incumbent) 20,162 66.39 +3.50%
Republican Kenneth H. Hollander 10,204 33.60 -3.51%
Total votes 30,366 100.0
1984 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Alan J. Greiman (incumbent) 27,216 62.89 -11.98%
Republican Lenore Picker Janecek 16,060 37.11 +11.98%
Write-in 1 0.00 N/A
Total votes 43,277 100.0
1982 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Alan J. Greiman (incumbent) 26,285 74.87
Republican John "Bill" Handzel, Sr. 8,822 25.13
Total votes 35,107 100.0

1970 – 1962

1970 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Brian B. Duff 69,094 32.16
Democratic Harold A. Katz (incumbent) 63,541 29.57
Republican Bradley M. Glass 55,039 25.62
Democratic Claude L. Carney 27,180.5 12.65
Write-in 3 0.00
Total votes 214,857.5 100.0
1968 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Frances L. Dawson (incumbent) 94,935 36.22
Republican Alan R. Johnston (incumbent) 75,662.5 28.87
Democratic Harold A. Katz (incumbent) 60,288 23.00
Democratic Henry T. Synek 31,193.5 11.90
Total votes 262,079 100.0
1966 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Frances L. Dawson (incumbent) 87,563.5 39.17
Republican Alan R. Johnston (incumbent) 70,047 31.33
Democratic Harold A. Katz (incumbent) 44,448 19.88
Democratic James B. Moran (incumbent) 21,492.5 9.61
Total votes 223,551 100.0
1962 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jack E. Walker (incumbent) 79,543.5 29.42
Republican Edwin A. McGowan (incumbent) 75,402.5 27.89
Democratic Anthony Scariano (incumbent) 63,492.5 23.49
Democratic Mary Lee Inger 51,914 19.20
Total votes 270,352.5 100.0

1960 – 1956

1960 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jack E. Walker (incumbent) 94,374.5 27.74
Republican Edwin A. McGowan 87,348 25.68
Democratic Anthony Scariano (incumbent) 86,159 25.33
Democratic Mary Lee Inger 72,280 21.25
Total votes 340,161.5 100.0
1958 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jack E. Walker (incumbent) 60,541.5 27.92
Democratic Anthony Scariano (incumbent) 58,326.5 26.90
Republican Maurino R. Richton (incumbent) 55,572.5 25.63
Democratic Frank D. Novak 42,423.5 19.56
Total votes 216,864 100.0
1956 Illinois House of Representatives election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jack E. Walker 81,525.5 30.91
Republican Maurino R. Richton 77,711 29.46
Democratic Anthony Scariano 55,405.5 21.01
Democratic Henry X. Dietch 49,119 18.62
Total votes 263,761 100.0

Notes

  1. 1 2 From 1870 to 1970, the GA met for a new session on the Wednesday after the first Monday of January.
  2. 1 2 Since 1970, the GA meets on the second Wednesday of January for a new session.

References

  1. 1 2 "STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP (2022): Illinois - State House District 1" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. October 12, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "Boundaries - Community Areas (current)". City of Chicago. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
  3. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1961-1962". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 438. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  4. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1965-1966". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 43. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  5. ↑ "Guide to Apportionment in Illinois, 1818-2001". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 84. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  6. ↑ "Guide to Apportionment in Illinois, 1818-2001". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 86. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  7. 1 2 3 "2021-2022 ILLINOIS BLUE BOOK" (PDF). Office of the Illinois Secretary of State. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  8. ↑ "List of members composing the Illinois state legislature, assembled at the Capitol in Springfield, Monday, January 1st, 1849". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  9. ↑ "List of the members composing the eighteenth General Assembly of the State of Illinois, convened in extra session, February 9, 1854". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  10. ↑ "List of the members composing the nineteenth General Assembly of the State of Illinois". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  11. ↑ "List of the members and officers, twenty-first General Assembly of the State of Illinois, Springfield, January 3, 1859". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  12. ↑ "Manual for the use of the twenty-fourth General Assembly of the State of Illinois. Prepared and compiled pursuant to a resolution of the House of Representatives, adopted Jan. 3, 1865". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 43. Retrieved April 15, 2021.
  13. ↑ "Manual of the twenty-sixth General Assembly of the State of Illinois". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 54. Retrieved April 15, 2021.
  14. ↑ "Rummel's Illinois hand-book and legislative manual for 1871". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 185. Retrieved April 15, 2021.
  15. ↑ "STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: State House District 1 (Illinois)" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. May 18, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
  16. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 2003-2004". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 66. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  17. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1993-1994". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 63. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  18. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1983-1984". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 57. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  19. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1967-1968". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 319. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  20. ↑ "Illinois blue book, 1955-1956". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 333. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  21. 1 2 "Illinois blue book, 1903-1904". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. pp. 281–286. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  22. ↑ Campbell, R.A.; Walling, H.F.; Mitchell, Samuel Augustus (1870). Written at Chicago. "Union, Johnson, Alexander, Pulaski, Massac counties". David Rumsey Map Collection. Published by S.A. Mitchell, Jr. Philadelphia: R.A. Campbell. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  23. ↑ Tanner, Henry S. (January 1, 1845). "Illinois. (Written and engraved by Jos. Perkins. 1845)". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Tanner's Geographical Establishment. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  24. ↑ Frederick, Bourquin; Mitchell, Samuel; Tanners, Henry S. (1848). "A New Map of Illinois with its Proposed Canals, Roads & Distances from Place to Place along the Stage & Steam Boat Routes. By H.S. Tanner. Entered according to Act of Congress in the 1841 by H.S. Tanner - in the Clerk's Office of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 31". David Rumsey Map Collection. Philadelphia: Samuel Augustus Mitchell. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  25. ↑ Colton, J. H.; Mathewson, A. J.; Messinger, John; Peck, J. M. (1852). "New sectional map of the state of Illinois". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J. H. Colton & Co. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  26. ↑ Colton, G. W. (1857). "Illinois. No. 44. Published by J.H. Colton & Co., No 172 William St., New York. Entered according to the Act of Congress in the year 1855 by J.H. Colton & Co. in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J. H. Colton. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  27. ↑ Colton, G.W. (1856). "Illinois. (with) Vicinity Of Chicago. Published By J.H. Colton & Co. No. 172 William St. New York. Entered ... 1855 by J.H. Colton & Co. ... New York. No. 44". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J.H. Colton. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  28. ↑ Johnson, A.J. (1860). "Johnson's Illinois By Johnson & Browning. No. 40". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Johnson and Browning. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  29. ↑ Johnson, A.J.; Colton, J.H.; McLellan & Bros., D. (1864). "Johnson's Illinois Published By Johnson and Ward". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Johnson and Ward. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  30. ↑ Colton, G.W.; Fisher, Richard Swainson (1865). "Colton's Illinois. (inset) Vicinity of Chicago. Published By J. H. Colton. No. 172 William St. New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J.H. Colton. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  31. ↑ Schonberg & Co.; Bancroft, H.H.; Goodspeed & Co. (1867). Written at New York. "Illinois. Entered ... 1864 ... New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. San Francisco: Schonberg & Co. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  32. ↑ Mitchell, Samuel Augustus; Campbell, R.A.; Walling, H.F. (1870). "County map of the state of Illinois. (with) Vicinity of Springfield. Entered ... 1870 by S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr. ... Pennsylvania". David Rumsey Map Collection. Published by: S.A. Mitchell, Jr. Philadelphia: R.A. Campbell. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  33. ↑ "Election Results 2022 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 "Downloadable Vote Totals". Illinois State Board of Elections. Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
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