Intel Haswell Core i7-4771 CPU, sitting atop its original packaging that contains an OEM fan-cooled heatsink

This generational list of Intel processors attempts to present all of Intel's processors from the pioneering 4-bit 4004 (1971) to the present high-end offerings. Concise technical data is given for each product.

Latest

13th and 14th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Raptor Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Clock rate (GHz) Integrated graphics Cache TDP (W) Price
(USD)
Socket Launch
Base Turbo 2.0 Max. Turbo Turbo max. 3.0 GPU Clock rate, max. EUs L2 cache Smart
cache
Base Turbo
P E Threads P E P E
Core i9 13900KS 8 16 32 3.2 2.4 5.4 4.3 6.0 5.8 1.65 GHz 32 32 MB 36 MB 150 253 $700 LGA 1700 Q1 2023
13900K 3.0 2.2 5.4 4.3 5.8 5.7 125 $589 Q4 2022
13900KF $564
13900 2.0 1.5 5.2 4.2 5.6 5.5 UHD 770 1.65 GHz 32 65 219 $549 Q1 2023
13900F $524
13900T 1.1 0.8 5.1 3.9 5.3 UHD 770 1.65 GHz 32 35 106 $549
Core i7 13700K 8 24 3.4 2.5 5.3 4.2 5.4 1.6 GHz 24 MB 30 MB 125 253 $409 Q4 2022
13700KF $384
13700 2.1 1.5 5.1 4.1 5.2 UHD 770 1.6 GHz 32 65 219 $384 Q1 2023
13700F $359
13700T 1.4 1.0 4.8 3.6 4.9 UHD 770 1.6 GHz 32 35 106 $384
Core i5 13600K 6 20 3.5 2.6 5.1 3.9 5.1 UHD 770 1.5 GHz 32 20 MB 24 MB 125 181 $319 Q4 2022
13600KF $294
13600 2.7 2.0 5.0 3.7 5.0 UHD 770 1.55 GHz 32 11.5 MB 65 154 $255 Q1 2023
13600T 1.8 1.3 4.8 3.4 4.8 35 92 $255
13500 2.5 1.8 3.5 65 154 $232
13500T 1.6 1.2 4.6 3.2 4.6 35 92
13400 4 16 2.5 1.8 3.3 UHD 730 1.55 GHz 24 9.5 MB 20 MB 65 154 $221
13400F 148 $196
13400T 1.3 1.0 4.4 3.0 4.4 UHD 730 1.55 GHz 24 35 82 $221
13420H 4 4 12 2.1 2.1 4.6 4.7 - 1.5 GHz 12 MB - 45 95 $342 FCBGA1744
Core i3 13100 4 8 3.4 4.5 4.5 5 MB 12 MB 60 89 $134 LGA 1700
13100F 58 89 $109
13100T 2.5 4.2 4.2 UHD 730 1.5 GHz 24 35 69 $134

Mobile (codenamed "Raptor Lake")

Processor

family

Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Socket Release
P E Base Turbo L2 L3 GPU Clock rate, Max (MHz) EUs Base Turbo
P E P E
Core i9 13980HX 8 16 32 2.2 1.6 5.6 4.0 14 36 UHD 1650 32 55 157 FCBGA1964 Q1 2023
13950HX 5.5
13900HX 5.4 3.9 Iris Xe
13900HK 6 8 20 2.6 1.9 5.4 4.1 24 1500 96 45 115 FCBGA1744
13900H
Core i7 13850HX 8 12 28 2.1 1.5 5.3 3.8 14 30 UHD 1600 32 55 157 FCBGA1964
13700HX 8 24 5.0 3.6 1550
13650HX 6 8 20 2.6 1.9 4.9 11.5 24 16
13800H 2.5 1.8 5.2 4.0 Iris Xe 1500 96 45 115 FCBGA1744
13700H 2.4 5.0 3.7
13620H 4 16 4.9 3.6 9.5 UHD 64
1370P 6 8 20 1.9 1.4 5.2 3.9 11.5 24 Iris Xe 96 28 64
1360P 4 16 2.2 1.6 5.0 3.7 9 18
1365U 2 12 1.8 1.3 5.2 3.9 6.5 12 1300 15 55
1355U 1.7 1.2 5.0 3.7
Core i5 13600HX 6 8 20 2.5 1.8 4.7 3.6 9 24 UHD 1500 32 55 157 FCBGA1964
13500HX 2.4 4.6 3.5 7 16
13450HX 4 16 2.7 2.0 4.5 3.4 9 20 Iris Xe 1450
13600H 4 8 16 2.8 2.1 4.8 3.6 18 1500 80 45 95 FCBGA1744
13500H 2.6 1.9 4.7 3.5 7 UHD 1450
13420H 4 12 2.1 1.5 4.6 3.4 9 12 Iris Xe 1400 48
1350P 8 16 1.9 1.4 4.7 3.5 1500 80 28 64
1340P 4.6 3.4 1450
1345U 2 8 12 1.6 1.2 4.7 3.5 6.5 1250 15 55
1335U 1.3 0.9 4.6 3.4
1334U 1.3 0.9
Core i3 1315U 4 8 1.2 0.9 4.5 3.3 10 UHD 64
1305U 1 6 1.6 1.2 4.5 4.5
Intel Processor U300 1.2 0.9 4.4 8 1100 48

12th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Alder Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Clock rate (GHz) Integrated graphics Cache TDP (W) Price
(USD)
Socket Launch
Base Turbo 2.0 Max. Turbo Turbo max. 3.0 GPU Clock rate, max. EUs L2 cache Smart
cache
Base Turbo
P E Threads P E P E
Core i9 12900K 8 8 24 3.2 2.4 5.1 3.9 5.2 UHD 770 1.55 GHz 32 14 MB 30 MB 125 241 $ 589 LGA 1700 Q4 2021
12900KF $ 569
12900KS 3.4 2.5 5.2 4.0 5.5 5.3 UHD 770 1.55 GHz 32 150 241 $ 739 Q1 2022
12900 2.4 1.8 5.0 3.8 5.0 5.1 65 202 $ 489
12900F $ 464
12900T 1.4 1.0 4.8 3.6 4.9 UHD 770 1.55 GHz 32 35 106 $ 489
Core i7 12700K 4 20 3.6 2.7 4.9 3.8 5.0 1.5 GHz 12 MB 25 MB 125 190 $ 409 Q4 2021
12700KF $ 384
12700 2.1 1.6 4.8 3.6 4.9 UHD 770 1.5 GHz 32 65 180 $ 339 Q1 2022
12700F $ 314
12700T 1.4 1.0 4.6 3.4 4.7 UHD 770 1.5 GHz 32 35 95 $ 339
Core i5 12600K 6 16 3.7 2.8 4.9 3.6 4.9 1.45 GHz 9.5 MB 20 MB 125 150 $ 289 Q4 2021
12600KF $ 264
12600 12 3.3 4.8 4.8 UHD 770 1.45 GHz 32 7.5 MB 18 MB 65 117 $ 223 Q1 2022
12600T 2.1 4.6 4.6 35 74
12500 3.0 65 117 $ 202
12500T 2.0 4.4 4.4 35 74
12400 2.5 UHD 730 1.45 GHz 24 65 117 $ 192
12400F $ 167
12400T 1.8 4.2 4.2 UHD 730 1.45 GHz 24 35 74 $ 192
Core i3 12300 4 8 3.5 4.4 5 MB 12 MB 60 89 $ 143
12300T 2.3 4.2 35 69
12100 3.3 4.3 60 89 $ 122
12100F $ 97
12100T 2.2 4.1 UHD 730 1.45 GHz 24 35 69 $ 122
Pentium G7400 2 4 3.7 UHD 710 1.35 GHz 16 2.5 MB 6 MB 46 $ 64
G7400T 3.1 35
Celeron G6900 2 3.4 1.3 GHz 4 MB 46 $ 42
G6900T 2.8 35

Mobile (codenamed "Alder Lake")

Processor

family

Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Socket Release
P E Base Turbo L2 L3 GPU Clock rate, Max (MHz) EUs Base Turbo
P E P E
Core i9 12950HX 8 8 24 2.3 1.7 5.0 3.6 14 30 UHD 1550 32 55 157 FCBGA1964 Q2 2022
12900HX
12900HK 6 20 2.5 1.8 3.8 11.5 24 Iris Xe 1450 96 45 115 FCBGA1744 Q1 2022
12900H
Core i7 12850HX 8 24 2.1 1.5 4.8 3.4 14 25 UHD 32 55 157 FCBGA1964 Q2 2022
12800HX 2.0
12650HX 6 20 4.7 3.3 11.5 24
12800H 2.4 1.8 4.8 3.7 Iris Xe 1400 96 45 115 FCBGA1744 Q1 2022
12700H 2.3 1.7 4.7 3.5
12650H 4 16 9.5 UHD 64
1280P 8 20 1.8 1.3 4.8 3.6 11.5 Iris Xe 1450 96 28 64
1270P 4 16 2.2 1.6 3.5 9 18 1400
1260P 4 16 2.1 1.5 4.7 3.4
1265U 2 12 1.8 1.3 4.8 3.6 6.5 12 1250 15 55
1255U 1.7 1.2 4.7 3.5
1260U 1.1 0.8 4.7 3.5 950 9 29
1250U
Core i5 12600HX 4 8 16 2.5 1.8 4.6 3.3 9 18 UHD 1350 32 55 157 FCBGA1964 Q2 2022
12450HX 4 12 2.4 4.4 3.1 7 12 1300 16
12600H 8 16 2.7 2.0 4.5 3.3 9 18 Iris Xe 1400 80 45 95 FCBGA1744 Q1 2022
12500H 2.5 1.8 1300
12450H 4 12 2.0 1.5 4.4 7 12 UHD 1200 48
1250P 8 16 1.7 1.2 9 Iris Xe 1400 80 28 64
1240P 1300
1245U 2 12 1.6 6.5 1200 15 55
1235U 1.3 0.9
1240U 1.1 0.8 900 9 29
1230U 1.0 0.7 850 FCBGA1781
Core i3 1220P 1.5 1.1 UHD 1100 64 28 64 FCBGA1744
1215U 4 8 1.2 0.9 4.5 10 15 55
1210U 1.0 0.7 850 9 29
Pentium 8505 1 6 1.2 0.9 3.25 8 1100 48 15 55 FCBGA1744
8500 1.0 0.7 800 9 29 FCBGA1781
Celeron 7305 1* 5 1.1 0.9 1100 15 55 FCBGA1744
7300 1.0 0.7 800 9 29 FCBGA1781

11th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Rocket Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores
(threads)
Clock rate IGPU Smart
cache
TDP Price
(USD)
Socket Launch
Base All-core
turbo
Turbo
boost 2.0
Turbo boost
max. 3.0
GPU Clock rate, max. EUs
Core i9 11900K 8 (16) 3.5 GHz 4.8 GHz 5.1 GHz 5.2 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 16 MB 125 W $ 539 LGA 1200 Q1 2021
11900KF - $ 513
11900 2.5 GHz 4.7 GHz 5.0 GHz 5.1 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 65 W $ 439
11900F - $ 422
11900T 1.5 GHz 3.7 GHz 4.8 GHz 4.9 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 35 W $ 439
Core i7 11700K 3.6 GHz 4.6 GHz 4.9 GHz 5.0 GHz 125W $ 399
11700KF - $ 374
11700 2.5 GHz 4.4 GHz 4.8 GHz 4.9 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 65W $ 323
11700F - $ 298
11700T 1.4 GHz 3.6 GHz 4.5 GHz 4.6 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 35 W $ 323
Core i5 11600K 6 (12) 3.9 GHz 4.6 GHz 4.9 GHz N/A 12 MB 125 W $ 262
11600KF - $ 237
11600 2.8 GHz 4.3 GHz 4.8 GHz UHD 750 1.3 GHz 32 EUs 65 W $ 213
11600T 1.7 GHz 3.5 GHz 4.1 GHz 35 W
11500 2.7 GHz 4.2 GHz 4.6 GHz 65 W $ 192
11500T 1.5 GHz 3.4 GHz 3.9 GHz 1.2 GHz 35 W
11400 2.6 GHz 4.2 GHz 4.4 GHz UHD 730 1.3 GHz 24 EUs 65 W $ 182
11400F - $ 157
11400T 1.3 GHz 3.3 GHz 3.7 GHz UHD 730 1.2 GHz 24 EUs 35 W $ 182

Mobile (codenamed "Tiger Lake")

Processor

family

Model Cores

(threads)

Clock rate IGPU Smart

cache

TDP Socket Launch
Base Max

Turbo

GPU Clock rate, max. EUs
Xeon W-11955M 8 (16) 2.6 GHz 5.0 GHz UHD Graphics

for 11th Gen

Processors

1.45 GHz 32 EUs 24 MB 45 W FCBGA1787 Q2 2021
W-11865MRE 2.1 GHz 4.7 GHz 1.35 GHz 35 W Q3 2021
W-11865MLE 1.5 GHz 4.5 GHz 25 W
W-11855M 6 (12) 2.6 GHz 4.9 GHz 1.45 GHz 18 MB 35 W Q2 2021
W-11555MRE 2.1 GHz 4.5 GHz 1.35 GHz 12 MB Q3 2021
W-11555MLE 1.9 GHz 4.4 GHz 25 W
W-11155MRE 4 (8) 1.25 GHz 16 EUs 8 MB 35 W
W-11155MLE 1.8 GHz 3.1 GHz 25 W
Core i9 11980HK 8 (16) 2.6 GHz 5.0 GHz 1.45 GHz 32 EUs 24 MB 45 W Q2 2021
11950H
11900H 2.1 GHz 4.9 GHz 35 W
Core i7 11850HE 4.7 GHz 1.35 GHz
11850H 4.8 GHz 1.45 GHz Q2 2021
11800H 1.9 GHz 4.6 GHz
11850H 2.1 GHz 4.8 GHz
11600H 6 (12) 2.5 GHz 4.6 GHz Q3 2021
11390H 4 (8) 3.4 GHz 5.0 GHz 1.40 GHz 96 EUs 12 MB 28 W FCBGA1449 Q2 2021
11375H 3.0 GHz 1.35 GHz Q1 2021
11370H w/ IPU 4.8 GHz
11370H w/ IPU Q2 2021
11375H w/ IPU 5.0 GHz
1195G7 1.3 GHz 1.40 GHz 15 W
1195G7 w/ IPU
1185GRE 1.8 GHz 4.4 GHz 1.35 GHz Q3 2020
1185G7E
1165G7 1.2 GHz 4.7 GHz 1.30 GHz
1185G7 w/ IPU 4.8 GHz 1.35 GHz
1165G7 w/ IPU 4.6 GHz 1.30 GHz
1180G7 w/ IPU 0.9 GHz 1.10 GHz 7 W FCBGA1598 Q1 2021
1160G7 w/ IPU 4.4 GHz Q3 2020
Core i5 11500H 6 (12) 2.4 GHz 4.6 GHz 1.45 GHz 32 EUs 35 W FCBGA1787 Q2 2021
11500HE 2.1 GHz 4.5 GHz 1.35 GHz Q3 2021
11400H 2.5 GHz 1.45 GHz 16 EUs Q2 2021
11260H 2.1 GHz 4.4 GHz 1.40 GHz
11320H w/ IPU 4 (8) 2.5 GHz 4.5 GHz 1.35 GHz 96 EUs 28 W FCBGA1449
11300H w/ IPU 2.6 GHz 4.4 GHz 1.30 GHz 80 EUs 8 MB Q1 2021
1155G7 1.0 GHz 4.5 GHz 1.35 GHz 15 W Q2 2021
1145G7 w/ IPU 1.1 GHz 4.4 GHz 1.30 GHz Q1 2021
1145G7E w/ IPU 1.5 GHz 4.1 GHz Q3 2020
1145G7E
1135G7 0.9 GHz 4.2 GHz
1130G7 w/ IPU 0.8 GHz 4.0 GHz 1.10 GHz FCBGA1598
1140G7 w/ IPU 4.2 GHz 7 W Q1 2021
Core i3 11100HE 1.9 GHz 4.4 GHz 1.25 GHz 16 EUs 35 W FCBGA1787 Q3 2021
1125G4 0.9 GHz 3.7 GHz 48 EUs 15 W FCBGA1449 Q1 2021
1125G4 w/ IPU
1120G4 w/ IPU 0.8 GHz 3.5 GHz 1.10 GHz 7 W FCBGA1598
1115GRE 2 (4) 1.7 GHz 3.9 GHz 1.25 GHz 6 MB 15 W FCBGA1449 Q3 2020
1115G4E
1115G4 4.1 GHz
1115G4 w/ IPU
1110G4 w/ IPU 3.9 GHz 1.10 GHz 7 W FCBGA1598
Pentium Gold 7505 w/ IPU 2.0 GHz 1.25 GHz 4 MB 7 W FCBGA1449 Q4 2020
Celeron 6600HE 2 (2) 2.6 GHz N/A 1.10 GHz 16 EUs 8 MB 35 W FCBGA1787 Q3 2021
6305 w/ IPU 1.8 GHz 1.25 GHz 48 EUs 4 MB 15 W FCBGA1449 Q4 2020
6305E UHD

10th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Comet Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i9 10910 10 20 3.60 5.00 20 UHD 630 350 1200 125 Comet Lake LGA 1200 Q3 2020
10900K 3.705.30 Q2 2020
10900KF
10900 2.80 5.20 UHD 630 350 1200 65
10900E 4.70
10900F 5.20
10900T 1.90 4.60 UHD 630 350 1200 35
10850K 3.60 5.20 125
Core i7 10700K 8 16 3.805.10 16
10700KF 5.10
10700 2.90 4.80UHD 630350 1200 65
10700E 4.50 1150
10700F 4.80
10700T 2.00 4.50 UHD 630 350 1200 35
10700TE 4.40 1150
Core i5 10600K 6 12 4.104.80 121200 125
10600KF
10600 3.30UHD 630350 1200 65
10600T 2.40 4.00 35
10505 3.20 4.60 65 Q1 2021
10500 3.10 4.50 1150 65 Q2 2020
10500E 4.20
10500T 2.30 3.80 35
10500TE 3.70
10400 2.90 4.30 360 1100 65
10400F
10400T 2.30 3.60 UHD 630 350 1200 35
Core i3 10320 4 8 3.80 4.60 8 1150 65
10300 3.704.40
10300T 3.00 3.90 1100 35
10100 3.60 4.30 6 65
10100E 3.20 3.80
10100F 3.60 4.30
10100T 3.00 3.80 UHD 630 350 1100 35
10100TE 2.30 3.60

Mobile (codenamed "Comet Lake", "Ice Lake", and "Amber Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 Processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i7 1065G7 4 8 1.303.90 8 Iris Plus3001100 15 Ice Lake BGA 1526 Q3 2019
1060G7 1.003.80 8 9 BGA 1377
10750H 6 12 2.605.00 12 UHD3501150 45 Comet Lake BGA 1440 Q1 2020
10710U 1.104.70 12300 15 BGA 1528 Q3 2019
10610U 4 8 1.804.90 8 15 BGA 1528 Q2 2020
10510U 1.804.90 8 BGA 1528 Q3 2019
10510Y 1.204.50 8 7 Amber Lake Y BGA 1377
Core i5 10500H 6 12 2.50 4.50 12 350 1050 45 Comet Lake BGA 1440 Q4 2020
10210U 4 8 1.604.20 6 UHD 6203001100 15 BGA 1528 Q3 2019
Core i3 10110Y 2 4 1.00 4.00 0.125 0.5 4 UHD 615 1000 7 Amber Lake Y BGA 1377

9th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Coffee Lake Refresh")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i9 9900KS 8 16 4.005.00 16 UHD 6303501200 127 Coffee Lake LGA 1151 Q4 2019
9900K 8 16 3.605.00 16 UHD 6303501200 95 Q4 2018
9900 8 16 3.10 5.00 16 UHD 630 350 1200 65 Q2 2019
9900T 8 16 2.10 4.40 16 UHD 630 350 1200 35 Q2 2019
Core i7 9700K 8 8 3.604.90 12 UHD 6303501200 95 Q4 2018
9700 8 8 3.00 4.70 12 UHD 630 350 1200 65 Q2 2019
9700T 8 8 2.00 4.30 12 UHD 630 350 1200 35 Q2 2019
9700TE 8 8 1.80 3.80 12 UHD 630 350 1150 35 Q2 2019
Core i5 9600K 6 6 3.704.60 9 UHD 6303501150 95 Q4 2018
9600KF 6 6 3.70 4.609 95 Q1 2019
9600 6 6 3.10 4.60 9 UHD 630 350 1150 65 Q2 2019
9600T 6 6 2.30 3.90 9 UHD 630 350 1150 35 Q2 2019
9500 6 6 3.00 4.40 9 UHD 630 350 1100 65 Q2 2019
9500E 6 6 3.00 4.20 9 UHD 630 350 1100 65 Q2 2019
9500F 6 6 3.00 4.40 9 65 Q2 2019
9500T 6 6 2.20 3.70 9 UHD 630 350 1100 35 Q2 2019
9500TE 6 6 2.20 3.60 9 UHD 630 350 1100 35 Q2 2019
9400 6 6 2.90 4.10 9 UHD 630 350 1050 65 Q2 2019
9400F 6 6 2.904.10 9 65 Q1 2019
9400T 6 6 1.80 3.40 9 UHD 630 350 1050 35 Q2 2019
Core i3 9350K 4 4 4.00 4.60 8 UHD 630 350 1150 91 Q1 2019
9350KF 4 4 4.004.60 8 91 Q1 2019
9320 4 4 3.70 4.40 8 UHD 630 350 1150 65 Q2 2019
9300 4 4 3.70 4.30 8 UHD 630 350 1150 65 Q2 2019
9300T 4 4 3.20 3.80 8 UHD 630 350 1100 35 Q2 2019
9100 4 4 3.60 4.20 6 UHD 630 350 1100 65 Q2 2019
9100E 4 4 3.10 3.70 6 UHD 630 350 1050 65 Q2 2019
9100F 4 4 3.604.20 6 65 Q2 2019
9100T 4 4 3.10 3.70 6 UHD 630 350 1100 35 Q2 2019
9100TE 4 4 2.20 3.20 6 UHD 630 350 1050 35 Q2 2019

8th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Coffee Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 Processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i7 8700K 6 12 3.704.70 12 UHD 6303501200 95 Coffee Lake LGA 1151 Q4 2017
8700 6 12 3.204.60 12 UHD 6303501200 65 Q4 2017
8086K 6 12 4.005.00 12 UHD 6303501200 95 Q2 2018
Core i5 8600K 6 6 3.604.30 9 UHD 6303501150 95 Q4 2017
8500 6 6 3.004.10 9 UHD 6303501100 65 Q2 2018
8400 6 6 2.804.00 9 UHD 6303501050 65 Q4 2017
Core i3 8350K 4 4 4.00 8 UHD 6303501150 91 Q4 2017
8100 4 4 3.60 6 UHD 6303501100 65 Q4 2017

Mobile (codenamed "Coffee Lake", "Amber Lake" and "Whiskey Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
base max turbo L1 L2 L3 Processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core m m3-8100Y 2 4 1.103.40 0.1250.54 UHD 615300900 5 Amber Lake Y BGA 1515 Q3 2018
Core i9 8950HK 6 12 2.904.80 0.3751.512 UHD 6303501200 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
Core i7 8850H 6 12 2.604.30 0.3751.59 UHD 6303501150 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8750H 6 12 2.204.10 0.3751.59 UHD 6303501100 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8700B 6 12 3.204.60 0.3751.512 UHD 6303501200 65 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8665U 4 8 1.904.80 0.2518 UHD 6203001150 15 Whiskey Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2019
8650U 4 8 1.904.20 0.2518 UHD 6203001150 15 Kaby Lake R BGA 1356 Q3 2017
8569U 4 8 2.804.70 8 Iris Plus 6553001200 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2019
8565U 4 8 1.804.60 0.2518 UHD3001150 15 Whiskey Lake BGA 1528 Q3 2018
8559U 4 8 2.704.50 0.2518 Iris Plus 6553001200 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2018
8557U 4 8 1.704.50 0.2518 Iris Plus 6453001150 15 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q3 2019
8550U 4 8 1.804.00 0.2518 UHD 6203001150 15 Kaby Lake R BGA 1356 Q3 2017
8500Y 2 4 1.504.20 0.1250.54 UHD 6153001050 5 Amber Lake Y BGA 1515 Q1 2019
Core i5 8500B 6 6 3.004.10 0.3751.59 UHD 6303501100 65 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8400H 4 8 2.504.20 0.2518 UHD 6303501100 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8400B 6 6 2.804.00 0.3751.59 UHD 6303501050 65 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8365U 4 8 1.604.10 0.2516 UHD3001100 15 Whiskey Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2019
8350U 4 8 1.703.60 0.2516 UHD 6203001100 15 Kaby Lake R BGA 1356 Q3 2017
8310Y 2 4 1.603.90 0.1250.54 UHD 6173001050 7 Amber Lake Y BGA 1515 Q1 2019
8300H 4 8 2.304.00 0.2518 UHD 6303501000 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2018
8279U 4 8 2.40 4.10 0.25 1 6 Iris Plus 655 300 1150 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q2 2019
8269U 4 8 2.604.20 0.2516 Iris Plus 6553001100 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2018
8265U 4 8 1.603.90 0.2516 UHD3001100 15 Whiskey Lake BGA 1528 Q3 2018
8260U 4 8 1.603.90 6 UHD 6203001100 15 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q4 2019
8259U 4 8 2.303.80 0.2516 Iris Plus 6553001050 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2018
8257U 4 8 1.403.90 0.2516 Iris Plus 6453001050 15 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q3 2019
8250U 4 8 1.603.40 0.2516 UHD 6203001100 15 Kaby Lake R BGA 1356 Q3 2017
8210Y 2 4 1.603.60 0.1250.54 UHD 6173001050 7 Amber Lake Y BGA 1515 Q1 2019
8200Y 2 4 1.303.90 0.1250.54 UHD 615300950 5 Amber Lake Y BGA 1515 Q3 2018
Core i3 8145U 2 4 2.103.90 0.1250.54 UHD3001000 15 Whiskey Lake BGA 1528 Q3 2018
8140U 2 4 2.103.90 4 UHD 6203001000 15 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q4 2019
8130U 2 4 2.203.40 0.1250.54 UHD 6203001000 15 Kaby Lake R BGA 1356 Q1 2018
8109U 2 4 3.003.60 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6553001050 28 Coffee Lake BGA 1528 Q2 2018
8100H 4 4 3.00 0.2516 UHD 6303501000 45 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q3 2018
8100B 4 4 3.60 6 UHD 6303501050 65 Coffee Lake BGA 1440 Q3 2018

7th generation Core

Desktop (codenamed "Kaby Lake" and "Skylake-X")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 Processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i9 7980XE 18 36 2.604.20 24.75 165 Skylake LGA 2066 Q3 2017[1]
7960X 16 32 2.804.20 22.00 165 Q3 2017[1]
7940X 14 28 3.104.30 19.25 165 Q3 2017[1]
7920X 12 24 2.904.30 16.50 140 Q3 2017
7900X 10 20 3.304.30 13.75 140 Q2 2017
Core i7 7820X 8 16 3.604.30 11.00 140 Q2 2017
7800X 6 12 3.504.00 8.25 140 Q2 2017
7740X 4 8 4.304.50 8 112 Kaby Lake Q1 2017
7700K 4 8 4.204.50 8 HD 6303501150 91 LGA 1151 Q1 2017
7700 4 8 3.604.20 8 HD 6303501150 65 Q1 2017
7700T 4 8 2.903.80 8 HD 6303501150 35 Q1 2017
Core i5 7640X 4 4 4.004.20 6 112 LGA 2066 Q1 2017
7600K 4 4 3.804.20 6 HD 6303501150 91 LGA 1151 Q1 2017
7600 4 4 3.504.10 6 HD 6303501150 65 Q1 2017
7600T 4 4 2.803.70 6 HD 6303501100 35 Q1 2017
7500 4 4 3.403.80 6 HD 6303501100 65 Q1 2017
7500T 4 4 2.703.30 6 HD 6303501100 35 Q1 2017
7400 4 4 3.003.50 6 HD 6303501000 65 Q1 2017
7400T 4 4 2.403.00 6 HD 6303501000 35 Q1 2017
Core i3 7350K 2 4 4.20 4 HD 6303501150 60 Q1 2017
7320 2 4 4.10 4 HD 6303501150 51 Q1 2017
7300 2 4 4.00 4 HD 6303501150 51 Q1 2017
7300T 2 4 3.50 4 HD 6303501100 35 Q1 2017
7100 2 4 3.90 3 HD 6303501100 51 Q1 2017
7100T 2 4 3.40 3 HD 6303501100 35 Q1 2017
7101E 2 4 3.90 3 HD 6303501100 54 Q1 2017
7101TE 2 4 3.40 3 HD 6303501100 35 Q1 2017
Pentium G4620 2 4 3.70 3 HD 6303501100 51 Q1 2017
G4600 2 4 3.60 3 HD 6303501100 51 Q1 2017
G4600T 2 4 3.00 3 HD 6303501050 35 Q1 2017
G4560 2 4 3.50 3 HD 6103501050 54 Q1 2017
G4560T 2 4 2.90 3 HD 6103501050 35 Q1 2017
Celeron G3950 2 2 3.00 2 HD 6103501050 51 Q1 2017
G3930 2 2 2.90 2 HD 6103501050 51 Q1 2017
G3930T 2 2 2.70 2 HD 6103501000 35 Q1 2017

Mobile (codenamed "Kaby Lake" and "Apollo Lake")

Processor
family
Model Cores Threads Clock rate (GHz) Cache (MB) IGP TDP (W) Code­name Socket Release
Base Max. turbo L1 L2 L3 Processor Clock rate (MHz)
Base Max. dynamic
Core i7 7920HQ 4 8 3.104.10 0.2518 HD 6303501100 45 Kaby Lake BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7820HQ 4 8 2.903.90 0.2518 HD 6303501100 45 BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7820HK 4 8 2.903.90 0.2518 HD 6303501100 45 BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7700HQ 4 8 2.803.80 0.2516 HD 6303501100 45 BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7660U 2 4 2.504.00 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6403001100 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7600U 2 4 2.803.90 0.1250.54 HD 6203001150 15 BGA 1356 Q3 2016
7567U 2 4 3.504.00 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6503001150 28 Q3 2016
7560U 2 4 2.403.80 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6403001050 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7500U 2 4 2.703.50 0.1250.54 HD 6203001050 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7Y75 2 4 1.303.60 0.1250.54 HD 6153001050 4.5 BGA 1515 Q1 2017
Core i5 7440HQ 4 4 2.803.80 0.2516 HD 6303501000 45 Q1 2017
7300HQ 4 4 2.503.50 0.2516 HD 6303501000 45 BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7360U 2 4 2.303.60 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6403001000 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7300U 2 4 2.603.50 0.1250.53 HD 6203001100 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7287U 2 4 3.303.70 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6503001100 28 Q1 2017
7267U 2 4 3.103.50 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 6503001050 28 Q1 2017
7260U 2 4 2.203.40 0.1250.54 Iris Plus 640300950 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
7200U 2 4 2.503.10 0.1250.53 HD 6203001000 15 BGA 1356 Q3 2016
7Y57 2 4 1.203.30 0.1250.54 HD 615300950 4.5 BGA 1515 Q1 2017
7Y54 2 4 1.203.20 0.1250.54 HD 615300950 4.5 BGA 1515 Q1 2017
Core i3 7100H 2 4 3.00 0.1250.53 HD 630350950 35 BGA 1440 Q1 2017
7167U 2 4 2.80 0.1250.53 Iris Plus 6503001000 28 Q1 2017
7130U 2 4 2.70 0.1250.53 HD 6203001000 15 BGA 1356 Q2 2017
7100U 2 4 2.40 0.1250.53 HD 6203001000 15 BGA 1356 Q3 2016
Core m m3-7Y32 2 4 1.103.00 0.1250.54 HD 615300900 4.5 BGA 1515 Q2 2017
m3-7Y30 2 4 1.002.60 0.1250.54 HD 615300900 4.5 BGA 1515 Q3 2016
Pentium N4200 4 4 1.102.50 2 HD 505200750 6 BGA 1296 Q3 2016
4415U 2 4 2.30 2 HD 610300950 15 BGA 1356 Q1 2017
4415Y 2 4 1.60 2 HD 615300850 6 BGA 1515 Q2 2017
4410Y 2 4 1.50 2 HD 615300850 6 BGA 1515 Q1 2017
Celeron N3450 4 4 1.102.20 2 HD 500200700 6 Apollo Lake BGA 1296 Q3 2016
N3350 2 2 1.102.40 2 HD 500200650 6 Apollo Lake BGA 1296 Q3 2016
3965U 2 2 2.20 0.1250.52 HD 610300900 15 Kaby Lake BGA 1356 Q1 2017
3865U 2 2 1.80 0.1250.52 HD 610300900 15 Kaby Lake BGA 1356 Q1 2017

All processors

All processors are listed in chronological order.

The 4-bit processors

Intel D4004 (ceramic variant)
Intel P4004 (plastic variant)

Intel 4004

First microprocessor (single-chip IC processor)

MCS-4 family:

  • 4004 – CPU
  • 4001 – ROM & 4-bit Port
  • 4002 – RAM & 4-bit Port
  • 4003 – 10-bit Shift Register
  • 4008 – Memory+I/O Interface
  • 4009 – Memory+I/O Interface
  • 4211 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
  • 4265 – Programmable General Purpose I/O Device
  • 4269 – Programmable Keyboard Display Device
  • 4289 – Standard Memory Interface for MCS-4/40
  • 4308 – 8192-bit (1024 × 8) ROM w/ 4-bit I/O Ports
  • 4316 – 16384-bit (2048 × 8) Static ROM
  • 4702 – 2048-bit (256 × 8) EPROM
  • 4801 – 5.185 MHz Clock Generator Crystal for 4004/4201A or 4040/4201A
Intel C4040

Intel 4040

  • Introduced in 1974 by Intel
  • Clock speed was 740 kHz (same as the 4004 microprocessor)
  • 3,000 transistors
  • Interrupt features were available
  • Programmable memory size: 8 KB (8192 B)
  • 640 bytes of data memory
  • 24-pin DIP

The 8-bit processors

Intel D8008

8008

  • Introduced April 1, 1972
  • Clock rate 500 kHz (8008-1: 800 kHz)
  • 0.05 MIPS
  • Bus width: 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins)
  • Enhancement load PMOS logic
  • 3,500 transistors at 10 μm
  • Addressable memory 16 KB
  • Typical in early 8-bit microcomputers, dumb terminals, general calculators, bottling machines
  • Developed in tandem with 4004
  • Originally intended for use in the Datapoint 2200 microcomputer
  • Key volume deployment in Texas Instruments 742 microcomputer in >3,000 Ford dealerships
Intel D8080

8080

  • Introduced April 1, 1974
  • Clock rate 2 MHz (very rare 8080B: 3 MHz)
  • 0.29 MIPS[2]
  • Data bus width: 8 bits, address bus: 16 bits
  • Enhancement load NMOS logic
  • 4,500 transistors at 6 μm
  • Assembly language downward compatible with 8008
  • Addressable memory 64 KB (64 × 1024 B)
  • Up to 10× the performance of the 8008
  • Used in e.g. the Altair 8800, traffic light controller, cruise missile
  • Required six support chips versus 20 for the 8008
Intel D8085A
Intel P8085 (plastic variant)

8085

Microcontrollers

They are ICs with CPU, RAM, ROM (or PROM or EPROM), I/O Ports, Timers & Interrupts

Intel P8048H

Intel 8048

MCS-48 family:

  • Intel 8020 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 1 KB ROM, 64 Byte RAM, 13 I/O ports
  • Intel 8021 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 1 KB ROM, 64 Byte RAM, 21 I/O ports
  • Intel 8022 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, With On-Chip A/D Converter
  • Intel 8035 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 64 Byte RAM
  • Intel 8039 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 128 Byte RAM
  • Intel 8040 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 256 Byte RAM
  • Intel 8048 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 1 KB ROM, 64 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports, 0.73 MIPS @ 11 MHz
  • Intel 8049 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 2 KB ROM, 128 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports,
  • Intel 8050 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 4 KB ROM, 256 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports,
  • Intel 8748 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 1 KB EPROM, 64 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports,
  • Intel 8749 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 2 KB EPROM, 128 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports,
  • Intel 87P50 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, ext. ROM socket (2758/2716/2732), 256 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports
  • Intel 8648 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller, 1 KB OTP EPROM, 64 byte RAM, 27 I/O ports
  • Intel 8041 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 1 KB ROM, 64 byte RAM
  • Intel 8041AH – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 1 KB ROM, 128 byte RAM
  • Intel 8641 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller ?
  • Intel 8741 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 1 KB EPROM, 64 byte RAM
  • Intel 8741AH – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 1 KB EPROM, 128 byte RAM
  • Intel 8042 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 2 KB ROM, 256 byte RAM
  • Intel 8742 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 2 KB EPROM, 128 byte RAM
  • Intel 8742AH – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller, 2 KB OTP EPROM, 256 byte RAM
  • Intel 8243 – Input/Output Expander. The available 28-pin PLCC version in sampling for first quarter of 1986.[4]
  • Intel 8244 – General Purpose Graphics Display Device (ASIC NTSC/SECAM)
  • Intel 8245 – General Purpose Graphics Display Device (ASIC PAL)[5]
Intel P8051

Intel 8051

MCS-51 family:

  • 8031 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8032 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8044 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8344 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8744 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8051 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8052 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8054 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8058 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8351 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8352 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8354 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8358 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8751 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8752 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8754 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8758 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

Intel 80151

MCS-151 family:

  • 80151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 83151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 87151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 80152 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 83152 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

Intel 80251

MCS-251 family:

  • 80251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 80252 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 80452 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 83251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 87251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 87253 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller

MCS-96 family

  • 8061 – 16-bit Microcontroller (parent of MCS-96 family ROMless With A/D, most sold to Ford)
  • 8094 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
  • 8095 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
  • 8096 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
  • 8097 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
  • 8394 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
  • 8395 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM With A/D)
  • 8396 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
  • 8397 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM With A/D)
  • 8794 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
  • 8795 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM With A/D)
  • 8796 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
  • 8797 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM With A/D)
  • 8098 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 8398 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 8798 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 80196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 83196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 87196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 80296 – 16-bit Microcontroller

The bit-slice processor

3000 family

Intel D3002

Introduced in the third quarter of 1974, these bit-slicing components used bipolar Schottky transistors. A bipolar transistor is a three-layer semiconductor device with two pn junctions. It comes in two types: NPN (negative-positive-negative) and PNP (positive-negative-positive). Each component implemented two bits of a processor function; packages could be interconnected to build a processor with any desired word length. Members of the family:

  • 3001 – Microcontrol Unit
  • 3002 – 2-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit slice[6]
  • 3003 – Look-ahead Carry Generator
  • 3205 – High-performance 1 of 8 Binary Decoder
  • 3207 – Quad Bipolar-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver
  • 3208 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
  • 3210 – TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver
  • 3211 – ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver
  • 3212 – Multimode Latch Buffer
  • 3214 – Interrupt Control Unit
  • 3216 – Parallel, Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
  • 3222 – Refresh Controller for 4K (4096 B) NMOS DRAMs
  • 3226 – Parallel, Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
  • 3232 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 4K DRAMs
  • 3242 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 16K (16 × 1024 B) DRAMs
  • 3245 – Quad Bipolar TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
  • 3246 – Quad Bipolar ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
  • 3404 – High-performance 6-bit Latch
  • 3408 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
  • 3505 – Next generation processor

Bus width 2n bits data/address (depending on number n of slices used)

The 16-bit processors: MCS-86 family

Intel D8086

8086

  • Introduced June 8, 1978
  • Clock rates:
    • 5 MHz, 0.33 MIPS[3]
    • 8 MHz, 0.66 MIPS
    • 10 MHz, 0.75 MIPS
  • The memory is divided into odd and even banks. It accesses both banks concurrently to read 16 bits of data in one clock cycle
  • Data bus width: 16 bits, address bus: 20 bits
  • 29,000 transistors at 3 μm
  • Addressable memory 1 megabyte (10242 B)
  • Up to 10× the performance of 8080
  • First used in the Compaq Deskpro IBM PC-compatible computers. Later used in portable computing, and in the IBM PS/2 Model 25 and Model 30. Also used in the AT&T PC6300 / Olivetti M24, a popular IBM PC-compatible (predating the IBM PS/2 line)
  • Used segment registers to access more than 64 KB of data at once, which many programmers complained made their work excessively difficult.
  • The first x86 CPU
  • Later renamed the iAPX 86[7]
Intel D8088

8088

  • Introduced June 1, 1979
  • Clock rates:
    • 4.77 MHz, 0.33 MIPS
    • 8 MHz, 0.66 MIPS[3]
  • 16-bit internal architecture
  • External data bus width: 8 bits, address bus: 20 bits
  • 29,000 transistors at 3 μm
  • Addressable memory 1 megabyte
  • Identical to 8086 except for its 8-bit external bus (hence an 8 instead of a 6 at the end); identical Execution Unit (EU), different Bus Interface Unit (BIU)[7]
  • Used in IBM PC and PC-XT and compatibles
  • Later renamed the iAPX 88[7]
Intel C80186 6 MHz

80186

  • Introduced 1982
  • Clock rates
    • 6 MHz, > 1 MIPS
  • 55,000 transistors
  • Included two timers, a DMA controller, and an interrupt controller on the chip in addition to the processor (these were at fixed addresses which differed from the IBM PC, although it was used by several PC compatible vendors such as Australian company Cleveland)
  • Added a few opcodes and exceptions to the 8086 design, otherwise identical instruction set to 8086 and 8088
    • BOUND, ENTER, LEAVE
    • INS, OUTS
    • IMUL imm, PUSH imm, PUSHA, POPA
    • RCL/RCR/ROL/ROR/SHL/SHR/SAL/SAR reg, imm
  • Address calculation and shift operations are faster than 8086
  • Used mostly in embedded applications – controllers, point-of-sale systems, terminals, and the like
  • Used in several non-PC compatible DOS computers including RM Nimbus, Tandy 2000, and CP/M 86 Televideo PM16 server
  • Later renamed to iAPX 186

80188

  • A version of the 80186 with an 8-bit external data bus
  • Later renamed the iAPX 188
Intel C80286 6 MHz

80286

  • Introduced February 1, 1982
  • Clock rates:
    • 6 MHz, 0.9 MIPS
    • 8 MHz, 10 MHz, 1.5 MIPS
    • 12.5 MHz, 2.66 MIPS
    • 16 MHz, 20 MHz and 25 MHz available.
  • Data bus width: 16 bits, address bus: 24 bits
  • Included memory protection hardware to support multitasking operating systems with per-process address space.
  • 134,000 transistors at 1.5 μm
  • Addressable memory 16 MB
  • Added protected-mode features to 8086 with essentially the same instruction set
  • 3–6× the performance of the 8086
  • Widely used in IBM PC AT and AT clones contemporary to it

32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors

iAPX 432

  • Introduced January 1, 1981 as Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor
  • Multi-chip CPU
  • Object/capability architecture
  • Microcoded operating system primitives
  • One terabyte virtual address space
  • Hardware support for fault tolerance
  • Two-chip General Data Processor (GDP), consists of 43201 and 43202
  • 43203 Interface Processor (IP) interfaces to I/O subsystem
  • 43204 Bus Interface Unit (BIU) simplifies building multiprocessor systems
  • 43205 Memory Control Unit (MCU)
  • Architecture and execution unit internal data base paths: 32 bits
  • Clock rates:
    • 5 MHz
    • 7 MHz
    • 8 MHz

i960 a.k.a. 80960

  • Introduced April 5, 1988
  • RISC-like 32-bit architecture
  • Predominantly used in embedded systems
  • Evolved from the capability processor developed for the BiiN joint venture with Siemens
  • Many variants identified by two-letter suffixes

i860 a.k.a. 80860

XScale

  • Introduced August 23, 2000
  • 32-bit RISC microprocessor based on the ARM architecture
  • Many variants, such as the PXA2xx applications processors, IOP3xx I/O processors and IXP2xxx and IXP4xx network processors

32-bit processors: the 80386 range

Intel 80386DX
Intel 80386DX with Intel 387 math processor

80386DX

  • Introduced October 17, 1985
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz, 5 MIPS
    • 20 MHz, 6 to 7 MIPS, introduced February 16, 1987
    • 25 MHz, 7.5 MIPS, introduced April 4, 1988
    • 33 MHz, 9.9 MIPS (9.4 SPECint92 on Compaq/i 16 KB L2), introduced April 10, 1989
  • Data bus width: 32 bits, address bus: 32 bits
  • 275,000 transistors at 1 μm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB (4 × 10243 B)
  • Virtual memory 64 TB (64 × 10244 B)[8][9]
  • First x86 chip to handle 32-bit data sets
  • Reworked and expanded memory protection support including paged virtual memory and virtual-86 mode, features required at the time by Xenix and Unix. This memory capability spurred the development and availability of OS/2 and is a fundamental requirement for modern operating systems like Linux, Windows, and macOS
  • First used by Compaq in the Deskpro 386. Used in desktop computing
  • Unlike the DX naming convention of the 486 chips, it had no math co-processor
  • Later renamed Intel386 DX

80386SX

  • Introduced June 16, 1988
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz, 2.5 MIPS
    • 20 MHz, 3.1 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
    • 25 MHz, 3.9 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
    • 33 MHz, 5.1 MIPS, introduced October 26, 1992
  • 32-bit internal architecture
  • External data bus width: 16 bits
  • External address bus width: 24 bits
  • 275,000 transistors at 1 μm
  • Addressable memory 16 MB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB[8]
  • Narrower buses enable low-cost 32-bit processing
  • Used in entry-level desktop and portable computing
  • No math co-processor
  • No commercial software used protected mode or virtual storage for many years
  • Later renamed Intel386 SX

80376

The Intel i376 is an embedded version of the i386SX.
  • Introduced January 16, 1989; discontinued June 15, 2001
  • Variant of 386SX intended for embedded systems
  • No "real mode", starts up directly in "protected mode"
  • Replaced by much more successful 80386EX from 1994

80386SL

  • Introduced October 15, 1990
  • Clock rates:
    • 20 MHz, 4.21 MIPS
    • 25 MHz, 5.3 MIPS, introduced September 30, 1991
  • 32-bit internal architecture
  • External bus width: 16 bits
  • 855,000 transistors at 1 μm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB[8]
  • First chip specifically made for portable computers because of low power consumption of chip
  • Highly integrated, includes cache, bus, and memory controllers
Intel 80386EX

80386EX

  • Introduced August 1994
  • Variant of 80386SX intended for embedded systems
  • Static core (i.e. may run as slowly (and thus, power efficiently) as desired) down to full halt
  • On-chip peripherals:
    • Clock and power management
    • Timers/counters
    • Watchdog timer
    • Serial I/O units (sync and async) and parallel I/O
    • DMA
    • RAM refresh
    • JTAG test logic
  • Significantly more successful than the 80376
  • Used aboard several orbiting satellites and microsatellites
  • Used in NASA's FlightLinux project

32-bit processors: the 80486 range

Intel 80486DX 33 MHz

80486DX

  • Introduced April 10, 1989
  • Clock rates:
    • 25 MHz, 20 MIPS (16.8 SPECint92, 7.40 SPECfp92)
    • 33 MHz, 27 MIPS (22.4 SPECint92 on Micronics M4P 128 KB L2), introduced May 7, 1990
    • 50 MHz, 41 MIPS (33.4 SPECint92, 14.5 SPECfp92 on Compaq/50L 256 KB L2), introduced June 24, 1991
  • Bus width: 32 bits
  • 1.2 million transistors at 1 μm; the 50 MHz was at 0.8 μm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB[8]
  • Level 1 cache of 8 KB on chip
  • Math coprocessor on chip
  • 50× performance of the 8088
  • Officially named Intel486 DX
  • Used in desktop computing and servers
  • Family 4 model 1
Intel 80486SX 33 MHz

80486SX

  • Introduced April 22, 1991
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz, 13 MIPS
    • 20 MHz, 16.5 MIPS, introduced September 16, 1991
    • 25 MHz, 20 MIPS (12 SPECint92), introduced September 16, 1991
    • 33 MHz, 27 MIPS (15.86 SPECint92), introduced September 21, 1992
  • Bus width: 32 bits
  • 1.185 million transistors at 1 μm and 900,000 at 0.8 μm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB[8]
  • Identical in design to 486DX but without a math coprocessor. The first version was an 80486DX with disabled math coprocessor in the chip and different pin configuration. If the user needed math coprocessor capabilities, they must add 487SX which was actually a 486DX with different pin configuration to prevent the user from installing a 486DX instead of 487SX, so with this configuration 486SX+487SX you had 2 identical CPU's with only 1 effectively turned on
  • Officially named Intel486 SX
  • Used in low-cost entry to 486 CPU desktop computing, as well as extensively in low cost mobile computing
  • Upgradable with the Intel OverDrive processor
  • Family 4 model 2
Intel 80486DX2 66 MHz

80486DX2

  • Introduced March 3, 1992
  • Runs at twice the speed of the external bus (FSB)
  • Socket 3
  • Clock rates:
    • 40 MHz
    • 50 MHz, 41 MIPS
    • 66 MHz, 54 MIPS
  • Officially named Intel486 DX2
  • Family 4 model 3
Intel 80486SL

80486SL

  • Introduced November 9, 1992
  • Clock rates:
    • 20 MHz, 15.4 MIPS
    • 25 MHz, 19 MIPS
    • 33 MHz, 25 MIPS
  • Bus width: 32 bits
  • 1.4 million transistors at 0.8 μm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB
  • Officially named Intel486 SL
  • Used in notebook computers
  • Family 4 model 4
Intel 80486DX4 100 MHz

80486DX4

  • Introduced March 7, 1994
  • Clock rates:
    • 75 MHz, 53 MIPS (41.3 SPECint92, 20.1 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2)
    • 100 MHz, 70.7 MIPS (54.59 SPECint92, 26.91 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2)
  • 1.6 million transistors at 0.6 μm
  • Bus width: 32 bits
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB
  • Socket 3 168-pin PGA Package, or 208 sq. ftP package
  • Officially named Intel486 DX4
  • Used in high performance entry-level desktops and value notebooks
  • Family 4 model 8

32-bit processors: P5 microarchitecture

Intel Pentium P5 (A80501) 60 MHz, without GoldCap
Intel Pentium P5 (A80501) 66 MHz, with GoldCap

Original Pentium

  • Introduced March 22, 1993
  • Bus width: 64 bits
  • System bus clock rate 60 or 66 MHz
  • Address bus: 32 bits
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB
  • Superscalar architecture
  • Runs on 3.3 volts (except the very first generation "P5")
  • Used in desktops
  • 8 KB of instruction cache
  • 8 KB of data cache
  • P5 – 0.8 μm process technology
    • Introduced March 22, 1993
    • 3.1 million transistors
    • The only Pentium to run on 5 Volts
    • Socket 4 273 pin PGA Package
    • Package dimensions 2.16 in × 2.16 in
    • Family 5 model 1
    • Variants
      • 60 MHz, 100 MIPS (70.4 SPECint92, 55.1 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2)
      • 66 MHz, 112 MIPS (77.9 SPECint92, 63.6 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2)
  • P54 – 0.6 μm process technology
    • Socket 5 296/320-pin PGA package
    • 3.2 million transistors
    • Variants
      • 75 MHz, 126.5 MIPS (2.31 SPECint95, 2.02 SPECfp95 on Gateway P5 256K L2)
        • Introduced October 10, 1994
      • 90, 100 MHz, 149.8 and 166.3 MIPS respectively (2.74 SPECint95, 2.39 SPECfp95 on Gateway P5 256K L2 and 3.30 SPECint95, 2.59 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1ML2 respectively)
        • Introduced March 7, 1994
  • P54CQS – 0.35 μm process technology
    • Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package
    • 3.2 million transistors
    • Variants
      • 120 MHz, 203 MIPS (3.72 SPECint95, 2.81 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1 MB L2)
        • Introduced March 27, 1995
  • Intel Pentium P54 133 MHz
    P54CS – 0.35 μm process technology
    • 3.3 million transistors
    • 90 mm2 die size
    • Family 5 model 2
    • Variants
    • Socket 5 296/320-pin PGA package
      • 133 MHz, 218.9 MIPS (4.14 SPECint95, 3.12 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1 MB L2)
        • Introduced June 12, 1995
      • 150, 166 MHz, 230 and 247 MIPS respectively
        • Introduced January 4, 1996
    • Socket 7 296/321-pin PGA package
      • 200 MHz, 270 MIPS (5.47 SPECint95, 3.68 SPECfp95)
        • Introduced June 10, 1996
Intel Pentium P55C 166 MHz

Pentium with MMX Technology

  • P55C – 0.35 μm process technology
    • Introduced January 8, 1997
    • Intel MMX (instruction set) support
    • Socket 7 296/321 pin PGA (pin grid array) package
    • 16 KB L1 instruction cache
    • 16 KB data cache
    • 4.5 million transistors
    • System bus clock rate 66 MHz
    • Basic P55C is family 5 model 4, mobile are family 5 model 7 and 8
    • Variants
      • 166, 200 MHz introduced January 8, 1997
      • 233 MHz introduced June 2, 1997
      • 133 MHz (Mobile)
      • 166, 266 MHz (Mobile) introduced January 12, 1998
      • 200, 233 MHz (Mobile) introduced September 8, 1997
      • 300 MHz (Mobile) introduced January 7, 1999

32-bit processors: P6/Pentium M microarchitecture

Intel Pentium Pro 200 MHz

Pentium Pro

  • Introduced November 1, 1995
  • Multichip Module (2 die)
  • Precursor to Pentium II and III
  • Primarily used in server systems
  • Socket 8 processor package (387 pins; Dual SPGA)
  • 5.5 million transistors
  • Family 6 model 1
  • 0.6 μm process technology
    • 16 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB integrated L2 cache
    • 60 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Variants
      • 150 MHz
  • 0.35 μm process technology, (two die, a 0.35 μm CPU with 0.6 μm L2 cache)
    • 5.5 million transistors
    • 512 KB or 256 KB integrated L2 cache
    • 60 or 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Variants
      • 150 MHz (60 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 μm cache) introduced November 1, 1995
      • 166 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 μm cache) introduced November 1, 1995
      • 180 MHz (60 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 μm cache) introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 μm cache) introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 μm cache) introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 1 MB 0.35 μm cache) introduced August 18, 1997

Pentium II

  • Introduced May 7, 1997
  • Pentium Pro with MMX and improved 16-bit performance
  • 242-pin Slot 1 (SEC) processor package
  • Voltage identification pins
  • 7.5 million transistors
  • 32 KB L1 cache
  • 512 KB 12 frequency external L2 cache
  • The Performance Enhanced mobile Pentium II (codenamed Dixon) had a full-speed 256 KB L2 cache
  • Klamath0.35 μm process technology (233, 266, 300 MHz)
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Family 6 model 3
    • Variants
      • 233, 266, 300 MHz introduced May 7, 1997
  • Deschutes0.25 μm process technology (333, 350, 400, 450 MHz)
    • Introduced January 26, 1998
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate (333 MHz variant), 100 MHz system bus clock rate for all subsequent models
    • Family 6 model 5
    • Variants
      • 333 MHz introduced January 26, 1998
      • 350, 400 MHz introduced April 15, 1998
      • 450 MHz introduced August 24, 1998
      • 233, 266 MHz (Mobile) introduced April 2, 1998
      • 333 MHz Pentium II Overdrive processor for Socket 8 Introduced August 10, 1998
      • 300 MHz (Mobile) introduced September 9, 1998
      • 333 MHz (Mobile) introduced January 25, 1999

Celeron (Pentium II-based)

  • Covington0.25 μm process technology
    • Introduced April 15, 1998
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package)
    • 7.5 million transistors
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Slot 1
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • No L2 cache
    • Variants
      • 266 MHz introduced April 15, 1998
      • 300 MHz introduced June 9, 1998
  • Mendocino0.25 μm process technology
    • Introduced August 24, 1998
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package), Socket 370 PPGA package
    • 19 million transistors
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Slot 1, Socket 370
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 128 KB integrated cache
    • Family 6 model 6
    • Variants
      • 300, 333 MHz introduced August 24, 1998
      • 366, 400 MHz introduced January 4, 1999
      • 433 MHz introduced March 22, 1999
      • 466 MHz
      • 500 MHz introduced August 2, 1999
      • 533 MHz introduced January 4, 2000
      • 266 MHz (Mobile)
      • 300 MHz (Mobile)
      • 333 MHz (Mobile) introduced April 5, 1999
      • 366 MHz (Mobile)
      • 400 MHz (Mobile)
      • 433 MHz (Mobile)
      • 450 MHz (Mobile) introduced February 14, 2000
      • 466 MHz (Mobile)
      • 500 MHz (Mobile) introduced February 14, 2000

Pentium II Xeon (chronological entry)

  • Introduced June 29, 1998

Pentium III

  • Katmai0.25 μm process technology
    • Introduced February 26, 1999
    • Improved PII (i.e. P6-based core) now including Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE)
    • 9.5 million transistors
    • 512 KB (512 × 1024 B) 12 bandwidth L2 External cache
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package
    • System bus clock rate 100 MHz, 133 MHz (B-models)
    • Slot 1
    • Family 6 model 7
    • Variants
      • 450, 500 MHz introduced February 26, 1999
      • 550 MHz introduced May 17, 1999
      • 600 MHz introduced August 2, 1999
      • 533, 600 MHz introduced (133 MHz bus clock rate) September 27, 1999
  • Coppermine0.18 μm process technology
    • Introduced October 25, 1999
    • 28.1 million transistors
    • 256 KB (512 × 1024 B) Advanced Transfer L2 cache (integrated)
    • 242-pin Slot-1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package, 370-pin FC-PGA (flip-chip pin grid array) package
    • System Bus clock rate 100 MHz (E-models), 133 MHz (EB models)
    • Slot 1, Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 8
    • Variants
      • 500 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 533 MHz
      • 550 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 600 MHz
      • 600 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 650 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 667 MHz introduced October 25, 1999
      • 700 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 733 MHz introduced October 25, 1999
      • 750, 800 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) introduced December 20, 1999
      • 850 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) introduced March 20, 2000
      • 866 MHz introduced March 20, 2000
      • 933 MHz introduced May 24, 2000
      • 1000 MHz introduced March 8, 2000 (not widely available at time of release)
      • 1100 MHz
      • 1133 MHz (first version recalled, later re-released)
      • 400, 450, 500 MHz (Mobile) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) introduced January 18, 2000
      • 700 MHz (Mobile) introduced April 24, 2000
      • 750 MHz (Mobile) introduced June 19, 2000
      • 800, 850 MHz (Mobile) introduced September 25, 2000
      • 900, 1000 MHz (Mobile) introduced March 19, 2001
  • Tualatin0.13 μm process technology
    • Introduced July 2001
    • 28.1 million transistors
    • 32 KB (32 × 1024 B) L1 cache
    • 256 KB or 512 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache (integrated)
    • 370-pin FC-PGA2 (flip-chip pin grid array) package
    • 133 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 11
    • Variants
      • 1133 MHz (256 KB L2)
      • 1133 MHz (512 KB L2)
      • 1200 MHz
      • 1266 MHz (512 KB L2)
      • 1333 MHz
      • 1400 MHz (512 KB L2)

Pentium II Xeon and Pentium III Xeon

  • PII Xeon
    • Variants
      • 400 MHz introduced June 29, 1998
      • 450 MHz (512 KB L2 cache) introduced October 6, 1998
      • 450 MHz (1 MB and 2 MB L2 cache) introduced January 5, 1999
  • PIII Xeon
    • Introduced October 25, 1999
    • 9.5 million transistors at 0.25 μm or 28 million at 0.18 μm
    • L2 cache is 256 KB, 1 MB, or 2 MB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated)
    • Processor Package Style is Single Edge Contact Cartridge (S.E.C.C.2) or SC330
    • System Bus clock rate 133 MHz (256 KB L2 cache) or 100 MHz (1–2 MB L2 cache)
    • System Bus width: 64 bits
    • Addressable memory: 64 GB
    • Used in two-way servers and workstations (256 KB L2) or 4- and 8-way servers (1–2 MB L2)
    • Family 6 model 10
    • Variants
      • 500 MHz (0.25 μm process) introduced March 17, 1999
      • 550 MHz (0.25 μm process) introduced August 23, 1999
      • 600 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 667 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 733 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced October 25, 1999
      • 800 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced January 12, 2000
      • 866 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced April 10, 2000
      • 933 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache)
      • 1000 MHz (0.18 μm process, 256 KB L2 cache) introduced August 22, 2000
      • 700 MHz (0.18 μm process, 1–2 MB L2 cache) introduced May 22, 2000

Celeron (Pentium III Coppermine-based)

  • Coppermine-128, 0.18 μm process technology
    • Introduced March, 2000
    • Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE)
    • Socket 370, FC-PGA processor package
    • 28.1 million transistors
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate, 100 MHz system bus clock rate from January 3, 2001
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 128 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache
    • Family 6 model 8
    • Variants
      • 533 MHz
      • 566 MHz
      • 600 MHz
      • 633, 667, 700 MHz introduced June 26, 2000
      • 733, 766 MHz introduced November 13, 2000
      • 800 MHz introduced January 3, 2001
      • 850 MHz introduced April 9, 2001
      • 900 MHz introduced July 2, 2001
      • 950, 1000, 1100 MHz introduced August 31, 2001
      • 550 MHz (Mobile)
      • 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) introduced June 19, 2000
      • 700 MHz (Mobile) introduced September 25, 2000
      • 750 MHz (Mobile) introduced March 19, 2001
      • 800 MHz (Mobile)
      • 850 MHz (Mobile) introduced July 2, 2001
      • 600 MHz (LV Mobile)
      • 500 MHz (ULV Mobile) introduced January 30, 2001
      • 600 MHz (ULV Mobile)

XScale (chronological entry – non-x86 architecture)

  • Introduced August 23, 2000

Pentium 4 (not 4EE, 4E, 4F), Itanium, P4-based Xeon, Itanium 2 (chronological entries)

  • Introduced April 2000 – July 2002

Pentium III Tualatin-based

  • Tualatin – 0.13 μm process technology
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 512KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache
    • 133 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Socket 370
    • Variants
      • 1.0 GHz
      • 1.13 GHz
      • 1.26 GHz
      • 1.4 GHz

Celeron (Pentium III Tualatin-based)

  • Tualatin Celeron – 0.13 μm process technology
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache
    • 100 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 11
    • Variants
      • 1.0 GHz
      • 1.1 GHz
      • 1.2 GHz
      • 1.3 GHz
      • 1.4 GHz

Pentium M

  • Banias 0.13 μm process technology
    • Introduced March 2003
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • Based on Pentium III core, with SSE2 SIMD instructions and deeper pipeline
    • 77 million transistors
    • Micro-FCPGA, Micro-FCBGA processor package
    • Heart of the Intel mobile Centrino system
    • 400 MHz NetBurst-style system bus
    • Family 6 model 9
    • Variants
      • 900 MHz (ultra-low voltage)
      • 1.0 GHz (ultra-low voltage)
      • 1.1 GHz (low voltage)
      • 1.2 GHz (low voltage)
      • 1.3 GHz
      • 1.4 GHz
      • 1.5 GHz
      • 1.6 GHz
      • 1.7 GHz
  • Dothan 0.09 μm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced May 2004
    • 2 MB L2 cache
    • 140 million transistors
    • Revised data prefetch unit
    • 400 MHz NetBurst-style system bus
    • 21 W TDP
    • Family 6 model 13
    • Variants
      • 1.00 GHz (Pentium M 723) (ultra-low voltage, 5 W TDP)
      • 1.10 GHz (Pentium M 733) (ultra-low voltage, 5 W TDP)
      • 1.20 GHz (Pentium M 753) (ultra-low voltage, 5 W TDP)
      • 1.30 GHz (Pentium M 718) (low voltage, 10 W TDP)
      • 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 738) (low voltage, 10 W TDP)
      • 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 758) (low voltage, 10 W TDP)
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 778) (low voltage, 10 W TDP)
      • 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 710)
      • 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 715)
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 725)
      • 1.70 GHz (Pentium M 735)
      • 1.80 GHz (Pentium M 745)
      • 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 755)
      • 2.10 GHz (Pentium M 765)
  • Dothan 533 0.09 μm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced Q1 2005
    • Same as Dothan except with a 533 MHz NetBurst-style system bus and 27 W TDP
    • Variants
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 730)
      • 1.73 GHz (Pentium M 740)
      • 1.86 GHz (Pentium M 750)
      • 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 760)
      • 2.13 GHz (Pentium M 770)
      • 2.26 GHz (Pentium M 780)
  • Stealey 0.09 μm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced Q2 2007
    • 512 KB L2, 3 W TDP
    • Variants
      • 600 MHz (A100)
      • 800 MHz (A110)

Celeron M

  • Banias-512 0.13 μm process technology
    • Introduced March 2003
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 512 KB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE2 SIMD instructions
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Family 6 model 9
    • Variants
      • 310, 1.20 GHz
      • 320, 1.30 GHz
      • 330, 1.40 GHz
      • 340, 1.50 GHz
  • Dothan-1024 90 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE2 SIMD instructions
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 350, 1.30 GHz
      • 350J, 1.30 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 360, 1.40 GHz
      • 360J, 1.40 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 370, 1.50 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
        • Family 6, Model 13, Stepping 8[10]
      • 380, 1.60 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 390, 1.70 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
  • Yonah-1024 65 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 410, 1.46 GHz
      • 420, 1.60 GHz,
      • 423, 1.06 GHz (ultra-low voltage)
      • 430, 1.73 GHz
      • 440, 1.86 GHz
      • 443, 1.20 GHz (ultra-low voltage)
      • 450, 2.00 GHz

Intel Core

  • Yonah 0.065 μm (65 nm) process technology
    • Introduced January 2006
    • 533/667 MHz front-side bus
    • 2 MB (Shared on Duo) L2 cache
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 31W TDP (T versions)
    • Family 6, Model 14
    • Variants:
      • Intel Core Duo T2700 2.33 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2600 2.16 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2500 2 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2450 2 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2400 1.83 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2300 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2050 1.6 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2300e 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2080 1.73 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo L2500 1.83 GHz (low voltage, 15 W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo L2400 1.66 GHz (low voltage, 15 W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo L2300 1.5 GHz (low voltage, 15 W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo U2500 1.2 GHz (ultra-low voltage, 9 W TDP)
      • Intel Core Solo T1350 1.86 GHz (533 FSB)
      • Intel Core Solo T1300 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Solo T1200 1.5 GHz[11]

Dual-Core Xeon LV

  • Sossaman 0.065 μm (65 nm) process technology
    • Introduced March 2006
    • Based on Yonah core, with SSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 667 MHz frontside bus
    • 2 MB shared L2 cache
    • Variants
      • 2.0 GHz

32-bit processors: NetBurst microarchitecture

Pentium 4

  • 0.18 μm process technology (1.40 and 1.50 GHz)
    • Introduced November 20, 2000
    • L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer cache (integrated)
    • Processor package Style was PGA423, PGA478
    • System bus clock rate 400 MHz
    • SSE2 SIMD Extensions
    • 42 million transistors
    • Used in desktops and entry-level workstations
  • 0.18 μm process technology (1.7 GHz)
    • Introduced April 23, 2001
    • See the 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
  • 0.18 μm process technology (1.6 and 1.8 GHz)
    • Introduced July 2, 2001
    • See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
    • Core voltage is 1.15 volts in Maximum Performance Mode; 1.05 volts in battery optimized mode
    • Power <1 watt in battery optimized mode
    • Used in full-size and then light mobile PCs
  • 0.18 μm process technology Willamette (1.9 and 2.0 GHz)
    • Introduced August 27, 2001
    • See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
  • Family 15 model 1
  • Pentium 4 (2 GHz, 2.20 GHz)
    • Introduced January 7, 2002
  • Pentium 4 (2.4 GHz)
    • Introduced April 2, 2002
  • 0.13 μm process technology Northwood A (1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8 (OEM), 3.0 (OEM) GHz)
    • Improved branch prediction and other microcodes tweaks
    • 512 KB integrated L2 cache
    • 55 million transistors
    • 400 MHz system bus
  • Family 15 model 2
  • 0.13 μm process technology Northwood B (2.26, 2.4, 2.53, 2.66, 2.8, 3.06 GHz)
  • 0.13 μm process technology Northwood C (2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4 GHz)
    • 800 MHz system bus (all versions include Hyper-Threading)
    • 6500 to 10,000 MIPS

Itanium (chronological entry – new non-x86 architecture)

  • Introduced 2001

Xeon (32-bit NetBurst)

  • Official designation now Xeon; i.e. not "Pentium 4 Xeon"
  • Xeon 1.4, 1.5, 1.7 GHz
    • Introduced May 21, 2001
    • L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer cache (integrated)
    • Processor package Organic Land Grid Array 603 (OLGA 603)
    • System bus clock rate 400 MHz
    • SSE2 SIMD Extensions
    • Used in high-performance and mid-range dual processor enabled workstations
  • Xeon 2.0 GHz and up to 3.6 GHz
    • Introduced September 25, 2001

Itanium 2 (chronological entry – new non-x86 architecture)

Mobile Pentium 4-M

  • 0.13 μm process technology
  • 55 million transistors
  • 512 KB L2 cache
  • BUS a 400 MHz
  • Supports up to 1 GB of DDR 266 MHz memory
  • Supports ACPI 2.0 and APM 1.2 System Power Management
  • 1.3–1.2 V (SpeedStep)
  • Power: 1.2 GHz 20.8 W, 1.6 GHz 30 W, 2.6 GHz 35 W
  • Sleep power 5 W (1.2 V)
  • Deeper sleep power 2.9 W (1.0 V)
    • 1.40 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.50 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.60 GHz – 4 March 2002
    • 1.70 GHz – 4 March 2002
    • 1.80 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.90 GHz – 24 June 2002
    • 2.00 GHz – 24 June 2002
    • 2.20 GHz – 16 September 2002
    • 2.40 GHz – 14 January 2003
    • 2.50 GHz – 16 April 2003
    • 2.60 GHz – 11 June 2003

Pentium 4 EE

  • Introduced September 2003
  • "Extreme Edition"
  • Built from the Xeon's "Gallatin" core, but with 2 MB cache

Pentium 4E

  • Introduced February 2004
  • Built on 0.09 μm (90 nm) process technology Prescott (2.4 A, 2.8, 2.8 A, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8 ) 1 MB L2 cache
  • 533 MHz system bus (2.4A and 2.8A only)
  • 800 MHz system bus (all other models)
  • 125 million transistors in 1 MB models
  • 169 million transistors in 2 MB models
  • Hyper-Threading support is only available on CPUs using the 800 MHz system bus.
  • The processor's integer instruction pipeline has been increased from 20 stages to 31 stages, which theoretically allows for even greater bandwidth
  • 7500 to 11,000 MIPS
  • LGA 775 versions are in the 5xx series (32-bit) and 5x1 series (with Intel 64)
  • The 6xx series has 2 MB L2 cache and Intel 64

64-bit processors: IA-64

Itanium

  • Code name Merced
  • Family 7
  • Released May 29, 2001
  • 733 MHz and 800 MHz
  • 2 MB cache
  • All recalled and replaced by Itanium 2

Itanium 2

  • Family 0x1F
  • Released July 2002
  • 900 MHz – 1.6 GHz
  • McKinley 900 MHz 1.5 MB cache, Model 0x0
  • McKinley 1 GHz, 3 MB cache, Model 0x0
  • Deerfield 1 GHz, 1.5 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.3 GHz, 3 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.4 GHz, 4 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.5 GHz, 6 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.67 GHz, 9 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Hondo 1.4 GHz, 4 MB cache, dual-core MCM, Model 0x1

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – NetBurst microarchitecture

  • Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology
  • Mostly compatible with AMD's AMD64 architecture
  • Introduced Spring 2004, with the Pentium 4F (D0 and later P4 steppings)

Pentium 4F

  • Prescott-2M built on 0.09 μm (90 nm) process technology
  • 2.8–3.8 GHz (model numbers 6x0)
  • Introduced February 20, 2005
  • Same features as Prescott with the addition of:
  • Cedar Mill built on 0.065 μm (65 nm) process technology
  • 3.0–3.6 GHz (model numbers 6x1)
  • Introduced January 16, 2006
  • Die shrink of Prescott-2M
  • Same features as Prescott-2M
  • Family 15 Model 4

Pentium D

  • Dual-core microprocessor
  • No Hyper-Threading
  • 800 (4×200) MHz front-side bus
  • LGA 775 (Socket T)
  • Smithfield (Pentium D) – 90 nm process technology (2.66–3.2 GHz)
    • Introduced May 26, 2005
    • 2.66–3.2 GHz (model numbers 805–840)
    • 230 million transistors
    • 1 MB × 2 (non-shared, 2 MB total) L2 cache
    • Cache coherency between cores requires communication over the FSB
    • Performance increase of 60% over similarly clocked Prescott
    • 2.66 GHz (533 MHz FSB) Pentium D 805 introduced December 2005
    • Contains 2× Prescott dies in one package
    • Family 15 Model 4
  • Presler (Pentium D) – 65 nm process technology (2.8–3.6 GHz)
    • Introduced January 16, 2006
    • 2.8–3.6 GHz (model numbers 915–960)
    • 376 million transistors
    • 2× 2 MB (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache
    • Contains 2× Cedar Mill dies in one package
    • Variants
      • Pentium D 945

Pentium Extreme Edition

  • Dual-core microprocessor
  • Enabled Hyper-Threading
  • 800 (4×200) MHz front-side bus
  • Smithfield (Pentium Extreme Edition) – 90 nm process technology (3.2 GHz)
    • Variants
      • Pentium 840 EE – 3.20 GHz (2 × 1 MB L2)
  • Presler (Pentium Extreme Edition) – 65 nm process technology (3.46, 3.73)
    • 2 MB × 2 (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache
    • Variants

Xeon (64-bit NetBurst)

  • Nocona
    • Introduced 2004
  • Irwindale
    • Introduced 2004
  • Cranford
    • Introduced April 2005
    • MP version of Nocona
  • Potomac
    • Introduced April 2005
    • Cranford with 8 MB of L3 cache
  • Paxville DP (2.8 GHz)
    • Introduced October 10, 2005
    • Dual-core version of Irwindale, with 4 MB of L2 cache (2 MB per core)
    • 2.8 GHz
    • 800 MT/s front-side bus
  • Paxville MP – 90 nm process (2.67 – 3.0 GHz)
    • Introduced November 1, 2005
    • Dual-core Xeon 7000 series
    • MP-capable version of Paxville DP
    • 2 MB of L2 cache (1 MB per core) or 4 MB of L2 (2 MB per core)
    • 667 MT/s FSB or 800 MT/s FSB
  • Dempsey – 65 nm process (2.67–3.73 GHz)
    • Introduced May 23, 2006
    • Dual-core Xeon 5000 series
    • MP version of Presler
    • 667 MT/s or 1066 MT/s FSB
    • 4 MB of L2 cache (2 MB per core)
    • LGA 771 (Socket J).
  • Tulsa – 65 nm process (2.5–3.4 GHz)
    • Introduced August 29, 2006
    • Dual-core Xeon 7100-series
    • Improved version of Paxville MP
    • 667 MT/s or 800 MT/s FSB

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Core microarchitecture

Xeon (64-bit Core microarchitecture)

  • Woodcrest65 nm process technology
    • Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system)
    • Introduced June 26, 2006
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in 5140, 5148LV, 5150, 5160
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • Variants
      • Xeon 5160, 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon 5150, 2.66 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5140, 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5130, 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5120, 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5110, 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5148LV, 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 40 W) (low voltage edition)
  • Clovertown65 nm process technology
    • Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system)
    • Introduced December 13, 2006
    • Quad-core
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in E5365, L5335
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • Variants
      • Xeon X5355, 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 105 W)
      • Xeon E5345, 2.33 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon E5335, 2.00 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon E5320, 1.86 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon E5310, 1.60 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon L5320, 1.86 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 50 W) (low voltage edition)

Intel Core 2

  • Conroe65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two cores on one die
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 291 million transistors
    • 64 KB of L1 cache per core (32+32 KB 8-way)
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • Intel Management Engine introduced
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E6850, 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6800, 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6750, 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Core 2 Duo E6700, 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6600, 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Core 2 Duo E6550, 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6420, 2.13 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6400, 2.13 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6320, 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6
      • Core 2 Duo E6300, 1.86 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe XE65 nm process technology
    • Desktop Extreme Edition CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • Same features as Conroe
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme X6800 – 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Allendale (Intel Core 2) – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two CPUs on one die
    • Introduced January 21, 2007
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 167 million transistors
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E4700, 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4600, 2.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4500, 2.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4400, 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4300, 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 2
  • Merom65 nm process technology
    • Mobile CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • Family 6, Model 15
    • Same features as Conroe
    • Socket M / Socket P / 479-ball Micro-FCBGA
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme X7900 2.80 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Extreme X7800 2.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7800, 2.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Santa Rosa platform)
      • Core 2 Duo T7700, 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7600, 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7500, 2.20 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7400, 2.16 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7300, 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7250, 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7200, 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7100, 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T5600, 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6
      • Core 2 Duo T5550, 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5500, 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5470, 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 13
      • Core 2 Duo T5450, 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5300, 1.73 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5270, 1.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5250, 1.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5200, 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo L7700, 1.80 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (low voltage) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 11
      • Core 2 Duo L7500, 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7400, 1.50 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7300, 1.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7200, 1.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7700, 1.33 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7600, 1.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7500, 1.06 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7100, 1.20 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 11
      • Core 2 Solo U2100, 1.06 GHz (1 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Solo U2200, 1.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
  • Kentsfield65 nm process technology
    • Two dual-core CPU dies in one package
    • Desktop CPU quad-core (SMP support restricted to 4 CPUs)
    • Introduced December 13, 2006
    • Same features as Conroe but with 4 CPU cores
    • 586 million transistors
    • LGA 775
    • Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 11
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6850, 3 GHz (2×4 MB L2 cache, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6800, 2.93 GHz (2×4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (April 9, 2007)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6700, 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (November 14, 2006)
      • Core 2 Quad Q6700, 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (July 22, 2007)
      • Core 2 Quad Q6600, 2.40 GHz (2×4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (January 7, 2007)
  • Wolfdale45 nm process technology
    • Die shrink of Conroe
    • Same features as Conroe with the addition of:
      • 50% more cache, 6 MB as opposed to 4 MB
      • Intel Trusted Execution Technology
      • SSE4 SIMD instructions
    • 410 million transistors
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E8600, 3.33 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8500, 3.16 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8435, 3.07 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8400, 3.00 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8335, 2.93 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8300, 2.83 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8235, 2.80 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8200, 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8135, 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8190, 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, no TXT, no VT)
  • Wolfdale-3M (Intel Core 2) – 45 nm process technology
    • Intel Trusted Execution Technology
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E7600, 3.06 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7500, 2.93 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7400, 2.80 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7300, 2.66 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7200, 2.53 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Yorkfield, 45 nm process technology
    • Quad-core CPU
    • Die shrink of Kentsfield
    • Contains 2× Wolfdale dual-core dies in one package
    • Same features as Wolfdale
    • 820 million transistors
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme QX9770, 3.20 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1600 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX9650, 3.00 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9705, 3.16 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9700, 3.16 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9650, 3 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9550, 2.83 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9550s, 2.83 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9450, 2.66 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9505, 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9505s, 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9500, 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP, no TXT)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9400, 2.66 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9400s, 2.66 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9300, 2.50 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8400, 2.66 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8400s, 2.66 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8300, 2.50 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8300s, 2.50 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8200, 2.33 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8200s, 2.33 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q7600, 2.70 GHz (2×1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no SSE4) (no Q7600 listed here)
  • Intel Core2 Quad Mobile processor family – 45 nm process technology
    • Quad-core CPU
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Quad Q9100, 2.26 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45 W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9000, 2.00 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45 W TDP)

Pentium Dual-Core

  • Allendale (Pentium Dual-Core) – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two cores on one die
    • Introduced January 21, 2007
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 167 million transistors
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • Variants
      • Intel Pentium E2220, 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2200, 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2180, 2.00 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2160, 1.80 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2140, 1.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Wolfdale-3M (Pentium Dual-Core) – 45 nm process technology
    • Intel Pentium E6800, 3.33 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6700, 3.20 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6600, 3.06 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6500, 2.93 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6300, 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5800, 3.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5700, 3.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5500, 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5400, 2.70 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5300, 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5200, 2.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E2210, 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)

Celeron (64-bit Core microarchitecture)

  • Allendale (Celeron, 64-bit Core microarchitecture) – 65 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron E1600, 2.40 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1500, 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1400, 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1200, 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Wolfdale-3M (Celeron, 64-bit Core microarchitecture) – 45 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron E3500, 2.70 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3400, 2.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3300, 2.50 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3200, 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe-L (Celeron, 64-bit Core microarchitecture) – 65 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron 450, 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 440, 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 430, 1.80 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 420, 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 220, 1.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 533 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe-CL (Celeron, 64-bit Core microarchitecture) – 65 nm process technology
    • LGA 771 package
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron 445, 1.87 GHz (512 KB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Celeron M (64-bit Core microarchitecture)

  • Merom-L 65 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz/667 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit, 64-bit
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 520, 1.60 GHz
      • 530, 1.73 GHz
      • 540, 1.86 GHz
      • 550, 2.00 GHz
      • 560, 2.13 GHz
      • 570, 2.26 GHz
      • 667 MHz FSB
        • 575, 2.00 GHz
        • 585, 2.16 GHz

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Nehalem microarchitecture

Intel Pentium (Nehalem)

  • Clarkdale (Pentium, Nehalem microarchitecture) – 32 nm process technology (manufacturing 7 Jan 2010)
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 32+32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced January 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • Variants

Core i3 (1st generation)

  • Clarkdale (Core i3 1st generation) – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced on January 7, 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • Variants
      • 530, 2.93 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 540, 3.06 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 550, 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 560, 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading

Core i5 (1st generation)

  • Lynnfield (Core i5 1st generation) – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced September 8, 2009
    • Family 6 Model E (Ext. Model 1E)
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 750S, 2.40 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 750, 2.66 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 760, 2.80 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Clarkdale (Core i5 1st generation) – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced January, 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • AES Support
    • Variants
      • 650/655K, 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 660/661, 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 670, 3.46 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 680, 3.60 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost

Core i7 (1st generation)

  • Bloomfield (Core i7 1st generation) – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Front-side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4 GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is again included. This had previously been removed at the introduction of Core line
    • 781 million transistors
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • TDP 130 W
    • Introduced November 17, 2008
    • Socket 1366 LGA
    • 3-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 975 (extreme edition), 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 965 (extreme edition), 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 960, 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 950, 3.06 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 940, 2.93 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 930, 2.80 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 920, 2.66 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Lynnfield (Core i7 1st generation) – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 32+32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • No QuickPath, instead compatible with slower DMI interface
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Introduced September 8, 2009
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 880, 3.06 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95 W)
      • 870/875K, 2.93 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95 W)
      • 870S, 2.67 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82 W)
      • 860, 2.80 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95 W)
      • 860S, 2.53 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82 W)

Westmere

  • Gulftown, 32 nm process technology
    • 6 physical cores
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 12 MB L3 cache
    • Front-side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4 GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • Socket 1366 LGA
    • TDP 130 W
    • Introduced 16 March 2010
    • Variants
      • 990X Extreme Edition, 3.46 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 980X Extreme Edition, 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 970, 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Clarksfield – Intel Core i7 Mobile processor family – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • Variants
      • 940XM Extreme Edition, 2.13 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55 W)
      • 920XM Extreme Edition, 2.00 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55 W)
      • 840QM, 1.86 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45 W)
      • 820QM, 1.73 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45 W)
      • 740QM, 1.73 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45 W)
      • 720QM, 1.60 GHz/2.80 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45 W)

Xeon (Nehalem microarchitecture)

  • Gainestown45 nm process technology
    • Same processor dies as Bloomfield
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache, 4 MB may be disabled
    • QuickPath up to 6.4 GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is included in some models
    • 781 million transistors
    • Introduced March 29, 2009
    • Variants
      • W5590, X5570, X5560, X5550, E5540, E5530, L5530, E5520, L5520, L5518, 4 cores, 8 MB L3 cache, HT
      • E5506, L5506, E5504, 4 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT
      • L5508, E5502, E5502, 2 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Sandy Bridge / Ivy Bridge microarchitecture

Celeron (Sandy Bridge/Ivy Bridge microarchitecture)

  • Sandy Bridge (Celeron-branded) – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads (500 series), 1 physical core/1 thread (model G440) or 1 physical core/2 threads (models G460 & G465)
    • 2 MB L3 cache (500 series), 1 MB (model G440) or 1.5 MB (models G460 & G465)
    • Introduced 3rd quarter, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1066
    • 400 series has max TDP of 35 W
    • 500-series variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W; others, 65 W
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1 GHz
      • Variants in the 400 series have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz
      • Variants in the 500 series ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • All variants have 6 GPU execution units
    • Variants
      • G440, 1.6 GHz
      • G460, 1.8 GHz
      • G465, 1.9 GHz
      • G470, 2.0 GHz
      • G530T, 2.0 GHz
      • G540T, 2.1 GHz
      • G550T, 2.2 GHz
      • G530, 2.4 GHz
      • G540, 2.5 GHz
      • G550, 2.6 GHz
      • G555, 2.7 GHz

Pentium (Sandy Bridge/Ivy Bridge microarchitecture)

  • Sandy Bridge (Pentium-branded) – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • 624 million transistors
    • Introduced May, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333 (800 series) or DDR3-1066 (600 series)
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others 65 W
    • Integrated GPU (HD 2000)
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • All variants have 6 GPU execution units
    • Variants
      • G620T, 2.2 GHz
      • G630T, 2.3 GHz
      • G640T, 2.4 GHz
      • G645T, 2.5 GHz
      • G860T, 2.6 GHz
      • G620, 2.6 GHz
      • G622, 2.6 GHz
      • G630, 2.7 GHz
      • G632, 2.7 GHz
      • G640, 2.8 GHz
      • G840, 2.8 GHz
      • G645, 2.9 GHz
      • G850, 2.9 GHz
      • G860, 3.0 GHz
      • G870, 3.1 GHz
  • Ivy Bridge (Pentium-branded) – 22 nm tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced September, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333 for G2000 series
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600 for G2100 series
    • All variants have GPU base frequencies of 650 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.05 GHz
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W; others, TDP of 55 W
    • Variants
      • G2020T, 2.5 GHz
      • G2030T, 2.6 GHz
      • G2100T, 2.6 GHz
      • G2120T, 2.7 GHz
      • G2010, 2.8 GHz
      • G2020, 2.9 GHz
      • G2030, 3.0 GHz
      • G2120, 3.1 GHz
      • G2130, 3.2 GHz
      • G2140, 3.3 GHz

Core i3 (2nd and 3rd generation)

  • Sandy Bridge (Core i3 2nd generation) – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • 624 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others 65 W
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • Variants ending in '5' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units); others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
    • Variants
      • i3-2100T, 2.5 GHz
      • i3-2120T, 2.6 GHz
      • i3-2100, 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2102, 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2105, 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2120, 3.3 GHz
      • i3-2125, 3.3 GHz
      • i3-2130, 3.4 GHz
  • Ivy Bridge (Core i3 3rd generation) – 22 nm tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced September, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in '5' have Intel HD Graphics 4000; others have Intel HD Graphics 2500
    • All variants have GPU base frequencies of 650 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.05 GHz
    • TDP 55 W
    • Variants
      • i3-3220T, 2.8 GHz
      • i3-3240T, 2.9 GHz
      • i3-3210, 3.2 GHz
      • i3-3220, 3.3 GHz
      • i3-3225, 3.3 GHz
      • i3-3240, 3.4 GHz
      • i3-3250, 3.5 GHz

Core i5 (2nd and 3rd generation)

  • Sandy Bridge (Core i5 2nd generation) – 32 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads (except for i5-2390T which has 2 physical cores/4 threads)
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 6 MB L3 cache (except for i5-2390T which has 3 MB)
    • 995 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W; others, 95 W except where noted
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU
      • i5-2500T has a peak GPU turbo frequency of 1.25 GHz, others 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • Variants ending in '5' or 'K' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units), except i5-2550K which has no GPU; others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
      • Variants ending in 'P' and the i5-2550K have no GPU
    • Variants
      • i5-2390T, 2.7 GHz/3.5 GHz Turbo Boost (35 W max. TDP)
      • i5-2500T, 2.3 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost (45 W max. TDP)
      • i5-2400S, 2.5 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2405S, 2.5 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500S, 2.7 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2300, 2.8 GHz/3.1 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2310, 2.9 GHz/3.2 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2320, 3.0 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2380P, 3.1 GHz/3.4 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2400, 3.1 GHz/3.4 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2450P, 3.2 GHz/3.5 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500, 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500K, 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2550K, 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Ivy Bridge (Core i5 3rd generation) – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads (except for i5-3470T which has 2 physical cores/4 threads)
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 6 MB L3 cache (except for i5-3470T which has 3 MB)
    • Introduced April, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 or 45 W (see variants); others, 77 W except where noted
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Variants ending in 'P' have no integrated GPU; others have Intel HD Graphics 2500 or Intel HD Graphics 4000 (i5-3475S and i5-3570K only)
    • Variants
      • i5-3470T, 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost (35 W TDP)
      • i5-3570T, 2.3 GHz/3.3 GHz max Turbo Boost (45 W TDP)
      • i5-3330S, 2.7 GHz/3.2 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3450S, 2.8 GHz/3.5 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3470S, 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3475S, 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3550S, 3.0 GHz/3.7 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570S, 3.1 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3330, 3.0 GHz/3.2 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3350P, 3.1 GHz/3.3 GHz max Turbo Boost (69 W TDP)
      • i5-3450, 3.1 GHz/3.5 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3470, 3.2 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3550, 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570, 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570K, 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost

Core i7 (2nd and 3rd generation)

  • Sandy Bridge (Core i7 2nd generation) – 32 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • 995 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, others – 95 W
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have base GPU frequencies of 850 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.35 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'K' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units); others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
    • Variants
      • i7-2600S, 2.8 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2600, 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2600K, 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2700K, 3.5 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Sandy Bridge-E (Core i7 3rd generation X-Series) – 32 nm process technology
    • Up to 6 physical cores/12 threads depending on model number
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • Up to 20 MB L3 cache depending on model number
    • 2.27 billion transistors
    • Introduced November, 2011
    • Socket 2011 LGA
    • 4-channel DDR3-1600
    • All variants have a peak TDP of 130 W
    • No integrated GPU
    • Variants (all marketed under "Intel Core X-series processors")[13]
      • i7-3820, 3.6 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost, 4 cores, 10 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3930K, 3.2 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 12 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3960X, 3.3 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 15 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3970X, 3.5 GHz/4.0 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 15 MB L3 cache
  • Ivy Bridge (Core i7 3rd generation) – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 32+32 KB (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 KB (per core) L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced April, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 45 W, others – 77 W
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU Intel HD Graphics 4000
    • Variants
      • i7-3770T – 2.5 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770S – 3.1 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770 – 3.4 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770K – 3.5 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Haswell microarchitecture

Core i3 (4th generation)

  • Haswell (Core i3 4th generation) – 22nm process technology

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Broadwell microarchitecture

Core i3 (5th generation)

Core i5 (5th generation)

  • Broadwell (Core i5 5th generation) – 14nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads
    • 4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q2'15
    • Socket 1150 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3L-1333/1600
    • Integrated GPU
    • Variants
      • i5-5575R – 2.80 GHz/3.30 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-5675C – 3.10 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-5675R – 3.10 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost

Core i7 (5th generation, Including Core-X Series)

  • Broadwell (Core i7 5th generation) – 14nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 6 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q2'15
    • Socket 1150 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3L-1333/1600
    • Integrated GPU
    • Variants
      • i7-5775C – 3.30 GHz/3.70 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-5775R – 3.30 GHz/3.80 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Broadwell-E14nm process technology
    • 6–10 physical cores/12–20 threads
    • 15–25 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q2'16
    • Socket 2011-v3 LGA
    • 4-channel DDR4-2133/2400
    • No Integrated GPU
    • Variants (all marketed under "Intel Core X-series processors")[13]
      • i7-6800K – 3.40 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost/3.80 GHz Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 Frequency 15 MB L3 cache
      • i7-6850K – 3.60 GHz/3.80 GHz Turbo Boost/4.00 GHz Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 Frequency 15 MB L3 cache
      • i7-6900K – 3.20 GHz/3.70 GHz Turbo Boost/4.00 GHz Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 Frequency 20 MB L3 cache
      • i7-6950X – 3.00 GHz/3.50 GHz Turbo Boost/4.00 GHz Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 Frequency 25 MB L3 cache

Other Broadwell CPUs

Not listed (yet) are several Broadwell-based CPU models:[14]

  • Server and workstation CPUs
    • single-CPU: Pentium D15nn, Xeon D-15nn, Xeon E3-12nn v4, Xeon E5-16nn v4
    • dual-CPU: Xeon E5-26nn v4
    • quad-CPU: Xeon E5-46nn v4, Xeon E7-48nn v4
    • octo-CPU: Xeon E7-88nn v4
  • Embedded CPUs
    • Core i7-57nnEQ, Core i7-58nnEQ
  • Mobile CPUs
    • Celeron 32nnU, Celeron 37nnU
    • Pentium 38nnU
    • Core M-5Ynn
    • Core i3-50nnU
    • Core i5-5nnnU
    • Core i7-55nnU, Core i7-56nnU, Core i7-57nnHQ, Core i7-59nnHQ

Note: this list does not say that all processors that match these patterns are Broadwell-based or fit into this scheme. The model numbers may have suffixes that are not shown here.

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Skylake microarchitecture

Core i3 (6th generation)

  • Skylake (Core i3 6th generation) – 14 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 3–4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q3'15
    • Socket 1151 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3L-1333/1600, DDR4-1866/2133
    • Integrated GPU Intel HD Graphics 530 (only i3-6098P have HD Graphics 510)
    • Variants
      • i3-6098P – 3.60 GHz
      • i3-6100T – 3.20 GHz
      • i3-6100 – 3.70 GHz
      • i3-6300T – 3.30 GHz
      • i3-6300 – 3.80 GHz
      • i3-6320 – 3.90 GHz

Core i5 (6th generation)

  • Skylake (Core i5 6th generation) – 14nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads
    • 6 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q3'15
    • Socket 1151 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3L-1333/1600, DDR4-1866/2133
    • Integrated GPU Intel HD Graphics 530
    • Variants
      • i5-6300HQ – 2.30/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6400T – 2.20 GHz/2.80 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6400 – 2.70 GHz/3.30 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6440hq
      • i5-6500T – 2.50 GHz/3.10 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6500 – 3.20 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6600T – 2.70 GHz/3.50 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6600 – 3.30 GHz/3.90 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-6600K – 3.50 GHz/3.90 GHz Turbo Boost

Core i7 (6th generation)

  • Skylake (Core i7 6th generation) – 14nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced Q3'15
    • Socket 1151 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3L-1333/1600, DDR4-1866/2133
    • Integrated GPU Intel HD Graphics 530
    • Variants
      • i7-6700T – 2.80 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-6700 – 3.40 GHz/4.00 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-6700K – 4.00 GHz/4.20 GHz Turbo Boost

Other Skylake processors

Many Skylake-based processors are not yet listed in this section: mobile i3/i5/i7 processors (U, H, and M suffixes), embedded i3/i5/i7 processors (E suffix), certain i7-67nn/i7-68nn/i7-69nn.[15] Skylake-based "Core X-series" processors (certain i7-78nn and i9-79nn models) can be found under current models.

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (7th generation) – Kaby Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (8th and 9th generation) – Coffee Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Cannon Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (10th generation) – Ice Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (10th generation) – Comet Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (11th generation) – Tiger Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (12th generation) – Alder Lake microarchitecture

64-bit processors: Intel 64 (13th generation) – Raptor Lake microarchitecture

Intel Tera-Scale

Intel 805xx product codes

Intel discontinued the use of part numbers such as 80486 in the marketing of mainstream x86-architecture processors with the introduction of the Pentium brand in 1993. However, numerical codes, in the 805xx range, continued to be assigned to these processors for internal and part numbering uses. The following is a list of such product codes in numerical order:

Product code Marketing name(s) Codename(s)
80500 Pentium P5 (A-step)
80501 Pentium P5
80502 Pentium P54C, P54CS
80503 Pentium with MMX Technology P55C, Tillamook
80521 Pentium Pro P6
80522 Pentium II Klamath
80523 Pentium II, Celeron, Pentium II Xeon Deschutes, Covington, Drake
80524 Pentium II, Celeron Dixon, Mendocino
80525 Pentium III, Pentium III Xeon Katmai, Tanner
80526 Pentium III, Celeron, Pentium III Xeon Coppermine, Cascades
80528 Pentium 4, Xeon Willamette (Socket 423), Foster
80529 canceled Timna
80530 Pentium III, Celeron Tualatin
80531 Pentium 4, Celeron Willamette (Socket 478)
80532 Pentium 4, Celeron, Xeon Northwood, Prestonia, Gallatin
80533 Pentium III Coppermine (cD0-step)
80534 Pentium 4 SFF Northwood (small form factor)
80535 Pentium M, Celeron M 310–340 Banias
80536 Pentium M, Celeron M 350–390 Dothan
80537 Core 2 Duo T5xxx, T7xxx, Celeron M 5xx Merom
80538 Core Solo, Celeron M 4xx Yonah
80539 Core Duo, Pentium Dual-core T-series Yonah
80541 Itanium Merced
80542 Itanium 2 McKinley
80543 Itanium 2 Madison
80546 Pentium 4, Celeron D, Xeon Prescott (Socket 478), Nocona, Irwindale, Cranford, Potomac
80547 Pentium 4, Celeron D Prescott (LGA 775)
80548 canceled Tejas and Jayhawk
80549 Itanium 2 90xx Montecito
80550 Dual-core Xeon 71xx Tulsa
80551 Pentium D, Pentium EE, Dual-core Xeon Smithfield, Paxville DP
80552 Pentium 4, Celeron D Cedar Mill
80553 Pentium D, Pentium EE Presler
80554 Celeron 800/900/1000 ULV Shelton
80555 Dual-core Xeon 50xx Dempsey
80556 Dual-core Xeon 51xx Woodcrest
80557 Core 2 Duo E4xxx. E6xxx, Dual-core Xeon 30xx, Pentium Dual-core E2xxx Conroe
80560 Dual-core Xeon 70xx Paxville MP
80562 Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme QX6xxx, Quad-core Xeon 32xx Kentsfield
80563 Quad-core Xeon 53xx Clovertown
80564 Xeon 7200 Tigerton-DC
80565 Xeon 7300 Tigerton
80566 Atom Z5xx Silverthorne
80567 Itanium 91xx Montvale
80569 Core 2 Quad Q9xxx, Core 2 Extreme QX9xxx, Xeon 33xx Yorkfield
80570 Core 2 Duo E8xxx, Xeon 31xx Wolfdale
80571 Core 2 Duo E7xxx, Pentium Dual-core E5xxx, Pentium Dual-core E2210 Wolfdale-3M
80573 Xeon 5200 Wolfdale-DP
80574 Core 2 Extreme QX9775, Xeon 5400 Harpertown
80576 Core 2 Duo P7xxx, T8xxx, P8xxx, T9xxx, P9xxx, SL9xxx, SP9xxx, Core 2 Extreme X9xxx Penryn
80577 Core 2 Duo P7xxx, P8xxx, SU9xxx, T6xxx, T8xxx Penryn-3M
80578 EP80578 Vermilion Range
80579 EP80579 Tolapai
80580 Core 2 Quad Q8xxx, Q9xxx, Xeon 33xx Yorkfield-6M
80581 Core 2 Quad Q9xxx Penryn-QC
80582 Xeon 74xx Dunnington
80583 Xeon 74xx Dunnington-QC
80584 Xeon X33x3 LV Yorkfield CL
80585 Core 2 Solo SU3xxx, Celeron 7xx, 9xx Penryn-L
80586 Atom 2xx, N2xx Diamondville
80587 Atom 3xx Diamondville DC
80588 Xeon L3014, E3113 Wolfdale-CL

Intel 806xx product codes

Product code Marketing name(s) Codename(s)
80601 Core i7-9xx, Core i7-9xx Extreme Edition Bloomfield
80602 Xeon 55xx Gainestown
80603 Itanium 93xx Tukwila
80604 Xeon 65xx, Xeon 75xx Beckton
80605 Core i5-7xx, Core i7-8xx, Xeon 34xx Lynnfield
80606 canceled Havendale
80607 Core i7-7xx QM, Core i7-8xx QM, Core i7-9xx XM Clarksfield
80608 canceled Auburndale
80609 Atom Z6xx Lincroft
80610 Atom N400, D400, D500 Pineview
80611 canceled Larrabee
80612 Xeon C35xx, Xeon C55xx Jasper Forest
80613 Core i7-9xxX, Xeon 36xx Gulftown
80614 Xeon 56xx Westmere-EP
80615 Xeon E7-28xx, Xeon E7-48xx, Xeon E7-88xx Westmere-EX
80616 Pentium G6xxx, Core i3-5xx, Core i5-6xx Clarkdale
80617 Mobile Core i5-5xx, Core i7-6xxM/UM/LM Arrandale
80618 Atom E6x0 Tunnel Creek
80619 Core i7-3xxx Sandy Bridge-EP
80620 Xeon E5-24xx, Xeon E5-14xx, Pentium 14xx Sandy Bridge-EN
80621 Xeon E5-16xx, Xeon E5-26xx, Xeon E5-46xx Sandy Bridge-EP-8, Sandy Bridge-EP-4
80622 Sandy Bridge-EP-8
80623 Core i3/i5/i7-2xxx, Pentium Gxxx, Xeon E3-12xx Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandy Bridge-M-2
80627 Mobile Core i3/i5/i7-2xxxM, Pentium Bxxx, Celeron Bxxx Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandy Bridge-H-2, Sandy Bridge-M-2
80631 Itanium 95xx Poulson
80632 Atom E6x5C Stellarton
80633 Core i7-48xx, -49xx Ivy Bridge-E
80634 Xeon E5-24xx-v2, E5-14xx-v2, Pentium-14xx-v2 Ivy Bridge-EN
80635 Xeon E5-26xx-v2, E5-16xx-v2 Ivy Bridge-EP
80636 Xeon E7-v2 Ivy Bridge-EX
80637 Core i3/i5/i7-3xxx, Xeon E3-12xx-v2 Ivy Bridge
80638 Mobile Core i3/i5/i7-3xxxM Ivy Bridge
80640 Atom Z24xx Penwell
80641 Atom D2xxx, Atom N2xxx Cedarview
80642 Atom Z2xxx Penwell
80643 Xeon E5-14xx/24xx-v3 Haswell-EN
80644 Xeon E5-16xx/26xx-v3 Haswell-EP
80645 Xeon E7-48xx/88xx-v3 Haswell-EX
80646 Core i3/i5/i7 – 4xxx, Pentium G3xxx, Celeron G18xx, Xeon E3-12xx-v3 Haswell
80647 Mobile Core i5/i7 – 4xxxM Haswell-H, Haswell-M
80648 Core i7-58xx, -59xx Haswell-E
80649 Xeon Phi x100 Knight's Corner
80650 Atom Z27xx Cloverview
80651 Atom Z25xx Cloverview
80652 Atom Z34xx Merrifield
80653 Atom Z36xx, Atom Z37xx, Atom E38xx, Celeron N28xx, Celeron J1xxx, Celeron J28xx, Celeron J29xx, Pentium A10xx, Pentium J2xxx, Pentium N35xx Bay Trail-T, Bay Trail-I, Bay Trail-D, Bay Trail-M
80654 Atom C23xx Avoton
80655 Atom C2356 Rangeley
80658 Core i3/i5/i7 – 5xxx, Core M – 5Yxx Broadwell-Y, Broadwell-U, Broadwell-H
80660 Xeon E5-16xx-v4, Xeon E5-26xx-v4 Broadwell-EP
80661 Quark SoC X10xx Clanton
80662 Core i3/i5/i7-6xxx, Core m3/m5/m7-6Yxx, Pentium G4xxx, Xeon E3-12xx v5, Xeon E3-15xxM v5 Skylake
80663 Atom Z35xx Moorefield
80664 Atom x5-Z8xxx Cherry Trail
80665 Atom x5-E8000, Celeron N3xxx, Pentium N37xx, Celeron J3xxx, Pentium J37xx Braswell
80667 Xeon Phi x200 (standalone socketed processors) Knights Landing
80668 Celeron N/J33xx, Pentium N/J42xx, Atom x5/7-E39xx Apollo Lake
80671 Core i7-68xx, -69xx Broadwell-E
80673 Xeon Bronze/Silver/Gold/Platinum x1xx, Xeon D-21xx, Xeon W-21xx, 3175X, Core i7/i9-7xxx, 9xxx Skylake-X, Skylake-SP, Skylake-DE
80674 Xeon D-15xx Broadwell
80677 Core i3/i5/i7-7xxx Kaby Lake, Amber Lake
80679 Itanium 97xx Kittson
80680 Celeron N/J4xxx, Pentium N/J5xxx Gemini Lake
80682 Xeon D-16xx Hewitt Lake
80683 Xeon Phi 72x5 Knights Mill
80684 Core i3/i5/i7-8xxx, -8Yxx, 9xxx Coffee Lake, Whiskey Lake
80686 Xeon D-x7xx Ice Lake
80689 Core i3/i5/i7-10xxGx, Xeon Bronze/Silver/Gold/Platinum x3xx, Xeon W-33xx Ice Lake
80690 Core i3/i5/i7-11xxGx Tiger Lake
80691 Core i3/i5-LxxGx Lakefield
80692 Atom P5xxx Snow Ridge
80695 Xeon Bronze/Silver/Gold/Platinum x2xx, Xeon W-32xx Cascade Lake
80697 Celeron N45xx/51xx, Pentium Silver N60xx Jasper Lake

Intel 807xx product codes

Product code Marketing name(s) Codename(s)
80701 Core i3/i5/i7/i9-10xxx Comet Lake
80703 Atom X6xx, Celeron N/J62xx, Pentium N/J64xx Elkhart Lake
80706 Xeon Gold/Platinum x3xxH Cooper Lake
80708 Core i5/i7/i9-11xxx Rocket Lake
80713 Xeon Bronze/Silver/Gold/Platinum/Max x4xx, Xeon w3/w5/w7/w9-x4xx Sapphire Rapids
80715 Atom X7xx, Core i3/i5/i7/i9-12xxx, -13xxx, -14xxx Alder Lake, Raptor Lake
80719 Atom C5xxx Parker Ridge
80722 Xeon Silver/Gold/Platinum x5xx Emerald Rapids
80723 Core Ultra 5/7/9 1xx Meteor Lake
80765 Atom C3xxx Denverton

See also

Notes

  1. The 4004's original goal was to equal the clock rate of the IBM 1620 Model I (1 MHz); this was not quite met.

References

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  3. 1 2 3 "Intel Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide – Product Family". Archived from the original on 2010-03-04. Retrieved 2010-01-08.
  4. Ashborn, Jim; "Advanced Packaging: A Little Goes A Long Way", Intel Corporation, Solutions, January/February 1986, Page 2
  5. "Product: 8245" (PDF). console5.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on Jul 9, 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  6. HAYES, JOHN.P (1978). Computer Architecture and Organization. McGraw-Hill International Book Company. p. 201. ISBN 0-07-027363-4.
  7. 1 2 3 Intel IAPX 86,88 User's Manual, August 1981, Intel order number 210201-001
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Badri Ram (1 September 2001). Adv Microprocessors Interfacing. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. pp. 208–. ISBN 978-0-07-043448-6.
  9. Rant, Jon; "Extending the Legacy of Leadership: The 80386 Arrives", Intel Corporation, Special 32-Bit Issue Solutions, November/December 1985, page 2
  10. Intel Processor Spec Finder for Celeron M Archived November 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  11. Not listed as an official model by Intel but used by Apple in their Intel-based Mac Mini, released March 2006 Archived March 20, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  12. "Intel Pentium Processor G6950 (3M Cache, 2.80 GHz) with SPEC Code(s) SLBMS". Ark.intel.com. 2010-07-13. Archived from the original on 2011-03-09. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
  13. 1 2 "Intel Core X-series Processors in Intel's database on ark.intel.com". Archived from the original on 2017-12-08. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  14. "Broadwell CPUs on ark.intel.com". Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  15. "ark: Skylake". Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
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