James Byron Friauf (1896 – 1972) was an American electrical engineer who first determined the crystal structure of MgZn2 in 1927. Friauf was a professor of physics at the Carnegie Institute of Technology, now Carnegie Mellon University.[1] He had received training in the determination of the structure of crystals as a student at California Institute of Technology where he studied with Roscoe Gilkey Dickinson.[2][3]

The structure Friauf discovered consists of intra-penetrating icosahedra, which coordinate the Zn atoms, and 16-vertex polyhedra that coordinate the Mg atoms. The latter type of polyhedron is called a Friauf polyhedron and is, actually, an inter-penetrating tetrahedron and a 12-vertex truncated polyhedron. MgZn2 is a member of the largest class of single intermetallic structures, since referred to as the Laves phases, the Friauf phases, or the Laves–Friauf phases.[4][5]

Publications

  • Friauf, James B. (18 March 2009). "Electromagnetic Ship Propulsion". Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers. 73 (1): 139–142. doi:10.1111/j.1559-3584.1961.tb02428.x.
  • Friauf, James B. (1 September 1925). "The Design of a Cam for an X-Ray Spectrograph". Journal of the Optical Society of America. 11 (3): 289. doi:10.1364/JOSA.11.000289.
  • Friauf, James B. (1 January 1927). "The Crystal Structure of Magnesium Di-Zincide". Physical Review. 29 (1): 34–40. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.29.34.
  • Friauf, James B. (December 1927). "The Crystal Structures of Two Intermetallic Compounds". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 49 (12): 3107–3114. doi:10.1021/ja01411a017. Retrieved 15 July 2021.

References

  1. ↑ B, Friauf, James (20 May 2014). "James Byron Friauf". Smithsonian Institution Archives. Retrieved 18 April 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ↑ Pauling, Linus (October 1965). "Fifty Years of Physical Chemistry in the California Institute of Technology". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 16 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1146/annurev.pc.16.100165.000245.
  3. ↑ Cattell, Jaques (1949). American Men of Science: A Biographical Directory (8th ed.). Lancaster, PA: The Science Press. p. 833. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  4. ↑ Lalena, John N.; Cleary, David A.; Duparc, Olivier B.M. Hardouin (April 10, 2020). Principles of Inorganic Materials Design. John Wiley & Sons. p. 150. ISBN 9781119486916. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  5. ↑ Pauling, Linus. "Linus Pauling, October 14, 1953". Day by Day. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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