The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is an engineering entrance assessment conducted for admission to various engineering colleges in India. It is constituted by two different examinations: the JEE-Main and the JEE-Advanced.

The Joint Seat Allocation Authority (JoSAA) conducts the joint admission process for a total of 23 Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), 31 National Institutes of Technology (NITs), 25 Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) campuses and other Government Funded Technical Institutes (GFTIs) based on the rank obtained by a student in JEE-Main or JEE-Advanced, depending on the engineering college.[1]

There are some institutes, such as the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs), the Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), the Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology (RGIPT), the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), which use the score obtained in the JEE-Advanced examination as the basis for admission,[2][3] but are not a part of the Joint Seat Allocation Authority (JoSAA) counselling process. Any student who takes admission to an Indian Institute of Technology cannot appear for the JEE-Advanced examination again, but the same is not the case with NIT, IISc, IISERs, RGIPT, IIPE, and IIST.

JEE-Main

JEE-Main is conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA). JEE-Main has two papers, Paper-I and Paper-II. Candidates may opt for either or both of them. Both papers contain multiple choice questions. Paper-I is for admission to B.E./B.Tech courses and is conducted in a Computer Based Test mode. Paper-II is for admission in B.Arch and B.Planning courses and will also be conducted in Computer Based Test mode except for one paper, namely the 'Drawing Test' which shall be conducted in Pen and Paper mode or offline mode. From January 2020 onwards, an additional Paper-III is being introduced for B.Planning courses separately.[4]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, JEE-Main 2021 has a change in paper format and number of attempts. Now there will be 20 single choice questions and 10 numerical questions out of which only five numerical questions are to be attempted. The marking scheme is same as earlier i.e. for SCQs, +4 marks for correct answer and -1 marks for incorrect answer and 0 marks for not answered, and for numerical type questions, +4 marks for correct and -1 marks for incorrect.[5][6]

JEE-Main, unlike JEE-Advanced, has a fixed exam structure and is not subject to change every year. Up until 2018, the JEE-Main Paper-I is of three hours duration and consists of thirty single choice questions in each of the three subjects (physics, chemistry and maths). 4 marks are awarded for correct answers and 1 mark is deducted for incorrect answers. Students taking this exam are usually in the age group 18-20.

A new pattern consisting of 20+5 questions per subject was introduced in January 2020 with 20 single choice questions + 5 numerical type questions by NTA. In single-choice questions 4 marks are awarded for correct answers and no marks are deducted from numerical type questions.[7]

From 2013 to 2016, the marks obtained in the class XII school board examination used to be accorded a 40% weightage in deciding the JEE-Main all India ranks.[8][9]

JEE-Advanced

JEE-Advanced is conducted for entry into 23 IIT's and some other equally prestigious universities like IISc Bangalore, IIST Thiruvananthapuram, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISERs), Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology (RGIPT). This exam is conducted by any one of the IIT's every year. In 2020, the exam was conducted by IIT Delhi. In 2021, 2022, and 2023, it was conducted by IIT Kharagpur, IIT Bombay and IIT Guwahati respectively. More than 2 lakh students become eligible to write JEE-Advanced every year. The top 250,000 students of JEE Main qualify to appear for the JEE-Advanced examination. In 2018, 224,000 students appeared to take the JEE-Advanced,[10] a number that had gone up from 220,000 in 2017 and 200,000 in 2016.[11]

History

The JEE pattern has undergone many changes. Since 2012 candidates are given paper copies of their answers, and cutoffs are announced.[12] This transparency was achieved after a tenacious legal tussle waged by IIT Kharagpur professor Rajeev Kumar,[13] who was nominated for the National RTI Award 2010 for his crusade.[14] Since 2013–14, JEE has changed a lot and recently adopted new online admissions and application selection procedures which were not available in recent years.

In 2012, the government-run Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) that earlier conducted the AIEEE, announced the JEE that replaced the AIEEE and IIT-JEE. The JEE-Main, which replaces AIEEE, is for admission to the National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs), and some other colleges designated as "centrally funded technical institutes" (CFTIs). The JEE-Advanced, which replaces IIT-JEE, is only for admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). Only the students selected in JEE-Main are eligible for appearing in JEE-Advanced. About 224,000 students will be selected from 2018.

In September 2013, the IIT Council approved the decision of the Joint Admission Board to continue with the two-phase JEE pattern ("Main" followed by "Advanced") for IITs in 2014. Followed by the exams, JoSAA conducts the joint admission process for a total of 23 IITs, 31 NITs, 25 IIITs and other Government Funded Technical Institutes (GFTIs).[15][16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "JEE Main Counselling 2021: Check details on JoSAA, guidelines, registration process". The Indian Express. 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "JEE(Advanced) 2021, Official Website". jeeadv.ac.in. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  3. ↑ "JEE(Advanced) 2021, Official Website". jeeadv.ac.in. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  4. ↑ "Public Notice for JEE Mains 2020". NTA JEE Mains. National Testing Agency. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  5. ↑ "JEE Main Exam Pattern 2021 - Updated Exam Pattern, Marking Scheme, New Changes".
  6. ↑ "JEE Main 2021 result and rank announced: How to check here". The Indian Express. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  7. ↑ "JEE Main Public Notice 2020". NTA JEE Main 2020. National Testing Agency. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  8. ↑ "40% weightage to class XII marks in JEE". Times of India. 5 October 2012.
  9. ↑ "Class 12 marks will not impact JEE Main rank: HRD ministry". Hindustan Times. 8 April 2016.
  10. ↑ "Eligibility Criteria For Indian Nationals (including PIO/OCI For Appearing In Jee (Advanced) 2018". Archived from the original on 7 September 2018.
  11. ↑ "CBSE JEE Main 2016: Check out the result analysis here!". India Today. 27 April 2016. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  12. ↑ "Irregularities in IIT". 1 November 2012.
  13. ↑ Charu Sudan Kasturi (27 June 2016). "For "unsung hero" behind IIT JEE transparency, some reprieve after years of torment". Hindustan Times. quote= Kumar, dubbed by the Supreme Court of India as an “unsung hero” responsible for much of the transparency introduced in the IIT entrance examination in recent years
  14. ↑ "RTI Awards 2010 | Welcome".
  15. ↑ "3,200 engineering seats vacant, govt makes Rs 14 crore".
  16. ↑ "Only 591 seats vacant at IITs, ISM Dhanbad".
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