Jay Garrick
Jay Garrick as depicted on the variant cover of The Flash #750 (March 2020).
Art by Nicola Scott and Annette Kwok.
Publication information
PublisherDC Comics
First appearanceFlash Comics #1 (January 1940)
Created by
In-story information
Alter egoJason Peter "Jay" Garrick
SpeciesMetahuman
Team affiliationsJustice Society of America
All-Star Squadron
Justice League International
Justice League
PartnershipsSpeedster partners:
Barry Allen
Wally West
Bart Allen
Max Mercury
Other hero partners:
Wildcat (Ted Grant)
Green Lantern (Alan Scott)
Abilities
See list
    • Immense superhuman speed, agility, reflexes, and stamina via speed force aura conduit
    • Vortex creations
    • Decelerated aging
    • Speed force empathy
    • Dimensional travel
    • Augmented by the extra-dimensional Speed Force
    • Frictionless aura
    • Intangibility via molecular vibration
    • Electrokinesis
    • Accelerated healing process
    • Speed theft/granting
    • Expert combatant

Jason Peter "Jay" Garrick is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the first character known as the Flash.[1] The character first appeared in Flash Comics #1 (January 1940), created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert.

In the original Golden Age comics, Jay Garrick gained his speed-enhancing abilities by inhaling hard water vapor during a lab experiment. This accident granted him superhuman speed and agility, allowing him to become the Flash and fight crime. Jay Garrick has made numerous appearances in other media. The character made its live-action debut as a cameo in the television series Smallville, played by Billy Mitchell. John Wesley Shipp later appears as a recurring character in the Arrowverse The CW television series The Flash, and in a guest capacity in the unrelated television series Stargirl.

Creation

In an interview, co-creator Harry Lampert commented on the character's creation. "The idea of the Flash was Gardner Fox's idea...it was supposed to be based upon the god Mercury… I went into the dictionary and there's the most beautiful rendition of Mercury and then I took my Flash and superimposed [them together] and they were almost identical, the pose is the same except a few doodads, and as I did it, I kept it as close as possible to that graceful attitude."[2]

Publication history

First appearance in Flash Comics #1 (January 1940). Cover by Sheldon Moldoff.

The character of Jay Garrick was created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert. His first appearance was in Flash Comics #1, the pilot issue of Flash Comics, which was published in 1940 by All-American Publications. He was soon featured in All-Star Comics as part of the Justice Society of America. In 1941, he got his own solo comic book series, All-Flash.

After World War II, superheroes declined in popularity, causing many of the Flash's comic book series to be canceled. All-Flash was canceled in 1948 after 32 issues. Flash Comics was canceled in 1949 after 104 issues. All-Star Comics was canceled in 1951 after 57 issues, marking Garrick's last Golden Age appearance. Garrick would not appear again for ten years and never got another solo series.

In 1956, DC Comics reinvented the Flash character, giving him a new costume, name, and background. This new Flash, named Barry Allen, was completely unrelated to Jay Garrick. In fact, Garrick had never existed, as far as the new books were concerned. Barry Allen's first appearance shows him reading a copy of Flash Comics, lamenting that Garrick was "just a character some writer dreamed up." Readers welcomed the new Flash but still had an interest in the old one.

Jay Garrick made a guest appearance in Flash #123. In this issue, Garrick was treated as residing in a parallel universe (Earth-Two), which allowed the character to exist without any continuity conflicts with Barry Allen (who existed on Earth-One), yet allowed him to make guest appearances in Silver Age books. For most of the 60s and 70s, Garrick made guest appearances. However, starting in 1976, Garrick became a regular character in the revived All-Star Comics, partaking in adventures with the Justice Society in stories set in modern times. In 1981, he and the Justice Society appeared in All-Star Squadron in stories set during World War II.

In 1985, DC Comics merged all of its fictional characters into a single shared universe. Jay Garrick now shares the same world as the New Flash. DC wrote the character out of continuity in the one-shot Last Days of the Justice Society but brought the character back in the 1990s due to fan interest. Unlike characters such as Batman or Superman, DC decided not to update Jay as a young hero but portrayed him as a veteran of World War II with a magically prolonged lifespan. Jay Garrick became a regular character in the JSA and Justice Society of America.

Fictional character biography

Origin

Jay Garrick as the Flash, in his original costume, during the 1940s, in a page of Flash Comics #1 (January 1940). Art by the character's co-creator Harry Lampert.

Jason Peter Garrick[3] is a college student. Prior to 1940 (later retconned to 1938) while working for his academic advisor Professor Hughes, Jay accidentally inhaled hard water vapors after taking a smoke break in his laboratory where he had been working (later stories would change this to heavy water vapors). As a result, he finds that he can run at superhuman speed and has similarly fast reflexes. Retcons imply that the inhalation simply activated a latent metagene.

After a brief career as a college football star, he dons a red shirt with a lightning bolt and a stylized metal helmet with wings (based on images of the Roman god Mercury). He then begins to fight crime as the Flash.[1] The helmet belonged to his father Joseph who fought during World War I.[4] He sometimes uses the helmet as a weapon or a type of shield, as seen in Infinite Crisis.[5] He has also used it to direct a beam of light at Eclipso. In The Flash: Rebirth (2010), he used it to destabilize the Reverse Flash.

In the early stories, it seems to be generally known that Garrick is the Flash.[6] Later stories would show him as having his identity secret, and that he is able to maintain it without the use of a mask by constantly "vibrating" his features, making him hard to recognize or clearly photograph. The effectiveness of this is debatable, as he later blamed his girlfriend Joan, deducing his true identity from his lack of a mask. Garrick ultimately revealed his identity as the Flash to the world.[7]

During his career, he would often find himself embroiled in semi-comic situations inadvertently initiated by Winky, Blinky, and Noddy, a trio of tramps known as the Three Dimwits, who tried their hand at one job after another, never successfully.

His first case involves battling the Faultless Four, a group of blackmailers (Sieur Satan, Serge Orloff, Duriel, and Smythe), who plot to steal an atomic bombarder and sell it. It is later revealed that a professor named Edward Clariss found the last container of heavy water vapor and used it to gain super-speed, becoming the Rival. He briefly takes away Jay's speed after capturing him, making him super slow, but Jay uses the gases again, allowing him to regain his super speed and defeat the Rival.

Like the Flashes who followed him, Garrick became a close friend of the Green Lantern of his time, Alan Scott, whom he met through the Justice Society of America.

Justice Society of America

The Flash soon became one of the best-known of the Golden Age of superheroes. He was a founding member of the Justice Society of America and served as its first chairman.[8] He was originally based in New York City,[9] but this was later retconned to be in the fictional Keystone City. He left the JSA after issue #6 but returned several years later (issue #24, spring 1945). He had a distinguished career as a crime-fighter during the 1940s.

Garrick's early history was largely the subject of retcons. A story explaining the retirement of the JSA members, including the Flash, explained that, in 1951, the JSA was investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee for possible Communist sympathies and asked to reveal their identities. This was later revealed to be partly caused by Per Degaton. The JSA declined, and Garrick, who recently married his longtime girlfriend, Joan, retired from superhero life. As a trained scientist, he ran an experimental laboratory for several decades.

The All-Star Squadron Annual #3 issue states that the JSA fought a being named Ian Karkull, who imbued them with energy that slowed their aging, allowing Garrick and many others – as well as their girlfriends and sidekicks – to remain active into the late 20th century without infirmity. The 1990s Starman series notes that the Shade prompted Garrick to come out of retirement in the 1950s, but the details of his activities during this time are hazy at best.

Earth-Two

Garrick emerged from retirement in 1961 to meet the Silver Age Flash, Barry Allen, from a parallel world. The rest of the JSA soon joined the Flash, although their activities during the 1960s (other than their annual meeting with Earth-One's Justice League of America) were unrecorded, although it is clear that Garrick and Green Lantern (Alan Scott) were good friends. It is also established that Garrick has become a respected scientist on his Earth.

Garrick was a key member of the JSA's 1970s adventures (as chronicled in All-Star Comics and Adventure Comics). Garrick also helped to launch the careers of Infinity Inc. Following the Crisis on Infinite Earths, all the parallel worlds are merged into one, and Keystone City becomes the twin city of Allen's Central City, with the two separated by a river. An updated story suggests that Keystone in this new continuity was rendered invisible and wiped from the memories of the world for many years through the actions of several supervillains.[10]

21st Century

Jay Garrick, into the 21st century as an aged superhero. Cover art for JSA #78 by Alex Ross.

In the early 21st century, many of Garrick's JSA cohorts have retired or died, but Garrick remains active with the latest incarnation of the group. He is physically about 50 years old, thanks to the effects of several accidental anti-aging treatments, but his chronological age is closer to 105. He is one of the few surviving members of the Justice Society of America after Zero Hour.[11] Of the three original JSA members still on the team (along with Alan Scott and Wildcat), Jay takes a fatherly approach toward his teammates and the DC superhero community in general.

Infinite Crisis and One Year Later

Garrick and his wife, Joan, had guardianship of Bart Allen after Max Mercury's disappearance. During the events of Infinite Crisis, Garrick states that the Speed Force is gone after a battle in which many speedsters, living and dead, wrestle Superboy-Prime into the Speed Force and disappear. Garrick is left behind on Earth by the other speedsters when he reaches his speed limit and cannot follow. Bart Allen returns, aged several years, having absorbed the entire Speed Force during his pursuit of the escaped Superboy-Prime. Garrick claims that without the Speed Force, his own power is less than before: like Wally West in the Crisis on Infinite Earths aftermath, he can only run close to the speed of sound. He also states that, as the Speed Force is no longer retarding his aging, his speed is diminishing with time. After Bart leaves Keystone City for Los Angeles, Garrick, once again, is the city's sole guardian. After hearing news of Bart's demise, Garrick collapses with grief, consoled by Jesse Chambers.

Garrick continues his work as a member of the reformed Justice Society of America, under the leadership of Power Girl. After the death of Bart Allen, Garrick's full speed returns. Garrick is currently the mayor of Monument Point, where the JSA is now based. He faces problems due to the JSA being based in the Town, but after talking to another official, who says that, as Garrick is not a politician, he doesn't have to worry about being re-elected, Garrick gains confidence.[12] Soon after this, he holds a funeral for Alan Scott, who is killed defeating the villain D'arken, and tells the Justice Society that they must endure.

Velocity

In the Outsiders: One Year Later story arc, a clone of the character called Velocity appears as an antagonist, created by the Brotherhood of Evil.[13] He appears to be in his late 20s or early 30s and is brainwashed into working for the Malinese dictator Ratu Bennin. Velocity is defeated by the combined efforts of the Outsiders. He possesses Jay Garrick's super-speed, but none of his memories or expertise.[14] His unconscious body is placed in the custody of Alan Scott, Checkmate's White King, who states that the Outsiders could not be trusted.[15]

Because of lingering issues in the cloning process, made more unpredictable by the metagene itself, the clone is infected by a fast-acting version of the clone plague deteriorating and shortening the lifespan of clones in the DC Universe. This makes it difficult for Checkmate to find a way to wake him and undo his brainwash, because, even with his special suit, tailored to stave the degenerating process, he would be doomed to a slow death whenever he awakens from his suspended animation.[13]

Brightest Day

In Brightest Day, Garrick and the rest of the JSA help Alan Scott and his children overcome the power of the Starheart, and, in turn, help save the planet from the Dark Avatar. After the events of the Brightest Day, Garrick and the rest of the JSA travel to the city of Monument Point, which has been attacked by a superpowered terrorist named Scythe. Just before being defeated, Scythe snaps Jay's long standing friend Alan Scott's neck.[16] In the following story, it is revealed that Scythe is the product of Nazi genetic engineering, and that Scott and Garrick had been tasked by the president with killing him back when he was in infancy during World War II. The two heroes could not agree on a course of action, and, as a result, Scythe was allowed to live.[17] Doctor Mid-Nite discovers that the injuries Scott sustained have paralyzed Scott, and that any attempt to heal himself could break his constant concentration, which could result in the Starheart once again regaining control of his body.[18]

Jade visits her bed-ridden father in the Emerald City, and offers to use her abilities to help him walk again. Scott declines his daughter's offer, reasoning that if the Starheart were to once again take over his body, it could result in the deaths of everyone in the city. Eclipso attacks the city, which results in Jesse Quick having to get Scott to safety.[19]

Later, the JSA tries to take down the villain D'arken, who has broken free from imprisonment beneath Monument Point and absorbed the powers of JSA members, but D'arken is too powerful for the JSA to take him down. Due to the entity's ability to absorb powers from superhumans in its vicinity, only non-superpowered and magical members fight D'arken. The JSA tells Alan Scott that unleashing the Starheart is the only way to destroy D'arken. However, after releasing the Starheart energies, Scott's body begins to incinerate itself. Afterwards, the JSA attends a funeral for Scott, whom they believe to be dead.[20] Garrick is upset at having lost one of his closest friends and founding members of the JSA.

DC Rebirth

Following the return of Wally West to DC continuity during DC Rebirth, Barry Allen is overwhelmed by the Speed Force when he shakes hands with Wally West. This not only causes Barry to become possessed by an echo of Eobard Thawne, but also causes Barry to start being absorbed into the Speed Force itself. It takes both Wally and the current Kid Flash's interference to prevent Barry from being absorbed for good. Barry later reveals that, when he was overwhelmed by the Speed Force, he saw visions of possible future events. He also reveals his last glimpse before he was returned to normal was that something more was trapped inside the Speed Force and although he could not recognize it, it still filled him with hope. The object that Barry saw was then revealed to be the helmet of the pre-Flashpoint Jay Garrick.[21]

While tracking a mysterious force responsible for the recent universal reset, Barry and Batman experience another vision in the form of a vision of Jay's helmet, although he attributes it to the helmet of Mercury. While chasing Thawne, Bruce and Barry can hear someone calling out for the latter, but Barry believes it to be calls from lost moments that could have been. As the Cosmic Treadmill begins to break apart, the voice intensifies, and Bruce tells Barry to listen and grab onto the voice. As the voice says "Jay", Barry says the name as well, and Jay Garrick arrives, claiming he is free and provides enough speed and power to get Batman and Barry back home. Jay explains he didn't kill Thawne, he is a friend, and (also) The Flash. He tries to get Barry to remember who he is; Barry is unable to, but finds Jay familiar and somehow trusts him. Then Jay is absorbed by a blue light and taken away. Barry believes Jay may be from another time that no longer exists and Barry is not the person that keeps him tethered to reality, saying he's "not his lightning rod."[22]

In the "Watchmen" sequel "Doomsday Clock," Lois Lane finds a flash-drive among a mess of papers while at the Daily Planet. It shows her footage of Alan Scott and the rest of the Justice Society.[23] When Doctor Manhattan undoes his experiment that erased the Justice Society of America and the Legion of Super-Heroes, Garrick appears with the Justice Society when they and the Legion of Super-Heroes arrive to help Superman fight Black Adam's group and the foreign superheroes.[24]

Jay Garrick stars in “At the Starting Line”, a story included in the milestone celebration issue The Flash #750. This is Jay's first solo story in over a decade.[25] In a single-panel cameo, a figure in a yellow costume (revealed to be Eobard Thawne) whispers to Jay that he will be forgotten in the future during his fight with Thinker. It appears to take place in the same continuity as the main line of Flash comics, as the final panel show the images of the future Flashes as well as members of their Rogues gallery while Jay muses on the future.[26] Jay assists the Flash family when it comes to fighting Eobard Thawne and his Legion of Zoom.[27]

In the pages of "Dark Nights: Death Metal", Jay Garrick was with Alan Scott, Doctor Fate, and Wildcat where they guarded the Valhalla Cemetery.[28] When Darkest Knight and the Robin King break into Valhalla Cemetery to target Wally's power, Jay Garrick, Barry Allen, and Wally West run with the Darkest Knight giving chase.[29] Barry, Wally, and Jay team up with Kid Flash and the rest of the Flash family to outrun the Darkest Knight and his army of Dark Multiverse Flashes to reach the Mobius Chair.[30] Flash was with the Justice Society when heroes and villains alike prepared themselves for the final battle against Perpetua and the Darkest Knight.[31] Jay fought against one of the Last 52 heroes where he engaged with his Nazi counterpart.[32] Then he and Barry fought a Last 52 version of Wally West that had the powers of Doctor Manhattan where Jay was killed by him. When the Hands undid the damages caused by Perpetua and Darkest Night and restored Earth-0 to its Pre-Metalverse state, Jay was among the superheroes revived by them.[33]

In the pages of "The New Golden Age" one-shot, a flashback to 1940 had Flash among the Justice Society members about to get a group photo taken by Johnny Thunder when Doctor Fate has a vision about "lost children". The final panel reveals the bio of Flash's daughter Judy Garrick who time-traveled from the 1960s to assist her father until the day she was born. Afterwards, she mysteriously vanished.[34] When a Huntress from a possible future ends up sent to 1940, Flash is among the Justice Society members that meet her. When Doctor Fate tries to read Huntress' mind about the threat in her future, Flash is among those that are knocked down by the magical feedback.[35] In the present, Flash was with the Justice Society of America when they fought Angle Man and an army of inter-dimensional Bizarros until Huntress defeated Angle Man enough for the Bizarros to disappear. After Green Lantern's ring confirms Huntress' story of what happened in her future and her encounter with Per Degaton, Flash takes Wildcat, Jakeem Thunder, and Johnny Thunderbolt's suggestion to call Ted Grant. The JSA is then confronted by Per Degaton.[36] During the fight with Per Degaton, Flash's speed is slowed down by him.[37] Flash is among those who caught up with Huntress and Batman. Then he partook in the fight against Per Degaton and his time variants. After Per Degaton is defeated, Jay asks Mister Terrific what has changed in time. They are then visited by Stargirl, the Hourman android, and Boom.[38] Boom's arrival has jogged Flash's memory of Boom as they speed off to meet up with Joan Garrick.[39] Flash later tells Huntress the status report on the Power Restraints that Mister Terrific is working on to be used for Icicle while also stating that Jack Knight has retired.[40]

Upon meeting up with Joan, Jay Garrick sees Joan Garrick having her memory jogged of having given birth to Judy Garrick. She helps Jay get settled in to their house. As Flash, he ends up helping Boom stop some bank robbers. During a discussion after that, Jay learns from Judy that she disappeared in 1963 after helping to save Joan from Doctor Elemental. Jay's memory of Doctor Elemental is also jogged.[41] In a flashback to 1941, Flash is summoned to the abandoned base in Wutach Gorge to help the Justice Society fight some robots and Ro-Bear. In the present, Jay Garrick secretly follows Judy Garrick to her trip to the Keystone City Mall with Courtney Whitmore. He ends up giving himself away when the Keystone City Mall is attacked by Ro-Bear. Judy and Courtney become Boom and Stargirl to help fight Ro-Bear as Jay starts to remember him. They managed to defeat Ro-Bear. Before a green crystal makes Ro-Bear disappear, Ro-Bear quotes that everything that's old is new again.[42] In another flashback to 1941, Flash and the JSA have their first encounter with Doctor Elemental as well as encountering the first appearance of a time-traveling Boom. Though Flash and Boom repelled him, Doctor Elemental set the hidden base to self-destruct. In the present, Mister Terrific takes Flash, Boom, and Stargirl to his lab to meet up with Quiz Kid and Fairplay. They work on an invention that can access the memory of when Boom saw Doctor Elemental without his mask on. Thanks to the Memory Imager, Flash identifies Doctor Elemental as Professor Hughes who he claims is responsible for Flash gaining his super-speed.[43]

Powers and abilities

As the Flash, Garrick can run at superhuman speeds and has superhumanly-fast reflexes, tapping into the Speed Force. The limits of his speed have fluctuated over the years, though he has usually been second to DC's "flagship" Flash, Barry Allen and his successor, Wally West.

In his earliest appearances, Garrick's speed was derived from a metagene that activated after he inhaled hard water vapors. By his own account, he initially could run just shy of the speed of sound. He could carry people away with him at super-speed without causing injury due to extreme acceleration. He could make himself invisible by vibrating his body at high frequencies and disguise his features by vibrating his molecules. Once he met Barry Allen, he surpassed his limitations, citing running at 'twenty times the speed of sound', seemingly able to tap into the Speed Force. He has since displayed speed absorption, time travel and interdimensional shifting abilities.

When Barry Allen absorbed the Speed Force during "Infinite Crisis", Jay's speed was diminished to the same level as his early adventures. He struggled to surpass the speed of sound and lost many of his higher powers. Once the Speed Force returned, Jay's powers were fully restored.

Collected editions

TitleMaterial collected Published date ISBN
The Golden Age Flash Archives Vol. 1 Flash Comics #1–17 September 1999 978-1563895067
The Golden Age Flash Archives Vol. 2 Flash Comics #18–24, All Flash Comics #1–2 February 2006 978-1401207847
The Greatest Flash Stories Ever Told Flash Comics #1, 66, 86, Comic Cavalcade #24, Showcase #4, The Flash (vol. 1) #107, 113, 119, 124, 125, 137, 143, 148, 179, Five-Star Super-Hero Spectacular, The Flash (vol. 2) #2 January 1991 978-0930289843
The Flash: The Greatest Stories Ever Told Flash Comics #86, 104, The Flash (vol. 1) #123, 155, 165, 179, The Flash (vol. 2) #91, DC Special Series #11 August 2007 978-1401213725

Supporting characters

Joan Garrick

Winky, Blinky, and Noddy

Other versions

Earth 2

Earth 2's Jay Garrick from the cover of Earth 2 #2.

Following the 2011 reboot of the DC comics universe, a new version of Jay Garrick is introduced in the first issue of the Earth 2 comic book. This version of Garrick, portrayed as a 21-year-old recent college graduate, is spurned by his girlfriend Joan, and possesses very little in terms of career prospects. The character receives his superspeed from Mercury, a dying Roman god who sees bravery in Garrick and is also the last god to fall following a war with Apokolips. Mercury claims that he has been held for the past 10 years by a greater threat than Apokolips. Garrick escapes a World Army Helicopter that sees the event as Mercury dies telling Garrick to run. He saves a couple from Apokorats, saying he will do it in "a Flash". Later, Garrick arrives in Poland and meets Hawkgirl.[44] Working alongside Hawkgirl and Alan Scott, he assists in defeating Solomon Grundy, making his first public debut as the Flash.[45]

Earth 2's Jay Garrick is among the different Flashes that appear on Prime Earth to help fight Eobard Thawne and his Legion of Zoom.[46]

52 and Countdown

In the final issue of DC's year-long series 52 in 2007, a new Multiverse is revealed, originally consisting of 52 identical realities. Among the parallel realities shown, one is designated "Earth-2". As a result of Mister Mind "eating" aspects of this reality, it takes on visual aspects similar to the pre-Crisis Earth-Two, now called Earth-2, to distinguish the two separate realities. In one-panel, a new counterpart to Jay Garrick is shown, among other Justice Society of America characters. The names of the characters and the team are not mentioned in the panel in which they appear,[47] but they are later specifically used in the Countdown: Arena series, where the new Earth-2 Flash is specifically identified as Jay Garrick and does not allow others to call him "Flash". Despite being an almost exact duplicate to the original World War II Garrick, it is shown that the new Earth-2 Garrick is much younger, having no gray hair at all.[48] Other Garricks are shown in the 52 multiverse. A second young Jay Garrick lives on the unspecified Earth that Wally West went to with his young children at the beginning of Bart Allen's tenure as the Flash. This Garrick is separate from the young post-Crisis Earth-2 Garrick, as the post-Crisis Earth-2 heroes make no mention of Wally or his children on their Earth.[49]

The multiverse established in 52 was later replaced following DC's 2011 Flashpoint storyline. Following this, a new multiverse was established, and every series was relaunched as part of DC's The New 52 publishing event. The post-52 pre-Flashpoint Earth-2 Jay Garrick ceases to exist, as did the mainstream Jay Garrick. A new but entirely different Earth-2 Jay Garrick then becomes the continually published version of the character (see publication history).

Elseworlds

In the Elseworlds book JSA: The Unholy Three, Jay Garrick is portrayed as a post-WW2 United States intelligence agent stationed in Russia, working under the code-name Mercury. He is instrumental in bringing down the story's rogue Superman.[50]

Wonderland

When Brother Grimm helped Captain Cold and Mirror Master trap Wally West in an alternate world where the Speed Force never existed, it is revealed that Jay Garrick never gained his speed in the accident and died during the Second World War.

Flashpoint

In the Flashpoint reality, Jay Garrick died rather than developing super-speed after inhaling hard water.[51]

In other media

Television

Animation

Live-action

John Wesley Shipp as Jay Garrick / The Flash on The Flash.
  • Jay Garrick appears in the Smallville two-part episode "Absolute Justice", portrayed by Billy Mitchell. This version operated as a superhero, member of the Justice Society of America (JSA), and a research scientist in the 1970s until he was framed for fraud by the government as part of their plot to disable the JSA. Garrick and his teammates falsely confessed to all charges, but were never convicted and forced to retire to due to their secret identities becoming known to law enforcement.
  • Jay Garrick appears in The Flash (2014).
    • Teddy Sears was initially and heavily advertised as portraying Garrick throughout the second season until his character was eventually revealed to be Hunter Zolomon / Zoom who captured the real Garrick and used his identity to deceive the public (see below).[52][53]
    • John Wesley Shipp portrays the real Garrick, the Flash of Earth-3 and a doppelgänger of Henry Allen.[54][55] In the second season, he was held captive by Zolomon in a failed attempt to siphon his Speed Force energy before he is eventually freed by Barry Allen and his allies. Garrick returns in the third season, serving as a stern mentor to Barry while helping him defeat Savitar. In the fourth season, Garrick helps Barry and Jesse Quick avert a disaster utilizing "Flashtime", a state in which speedsters move so fast that time appears to be frozen, and announces his retirement. As of the sixth season, Garrick has retired, settled down with Joan Williams, and worked with her to track antimatter signatures across the multiverse before later helping Barry uncover information about an impending "Crisis". After the Crisis, Jay resides on Earth-Prime Keystone City, where Joan helps restore his speed and physique so he can help Team Flash fight Godspeed in the seventh season and the Negative Speed Force in the eighth and ninth seasons.
  • Jay Garrick / Flash appears in Stargirl, portrayed by an uncredited actor in the first season and portrayed again by John Wesley Shipp in subsequent seasons.[56] This version is a member of the Justice Society of America (JSA). A decade prior to the series, the team was attacked and killed by the Injustice Society, with Garrick being apparently killed by Icicle. After making appearances in flashbacks depicted in the second season, Garrick turns up alive 20 years later in the third season finale "Frenemies – Chapter Thirteen: The Reckoning".

Film

  • Jay Garrick / Flash makes a cameo appearance in Justice League: The New Frontier, being forced out of heroics by the government.
  • The Earth-2 incarnation of Jay Garrick / Flash appears in Justice Society: World War II, voiced by Armen Taylor. This version is a founding member of the Justice Society of America who was active during his Earth's version of the titular war.
  • Jay Garrick makes a cameo appearance in The Flash (2023), with his likeness based on editor Jason Ballantine.[57] It was initially reported that the character's likeness was that of Teddy Sears, but the studio stated Garrick's appearance was not based on any notable actor.[58] This version comes from the universe that Adventures of Superman takes place in.

Video games

Miscellaneous

  • The Smallville incarnation of Jay Garrick / Flash appears in Smallville Season 11, in which it is revealed that his leg was disabled and that he could no longer run at superhuman speed, which allowed the government to arrest him. After he retired, he became a recluse.[59] In the present, Clark Kent and Bart Allen find Garrick and consult him on how to defeat the Black Flash. After Bart sacrifices himself to defeat the Black Flash, the guilt-ridden Garrick forms a school for gifted children in San Francisco as well as the Teen Titans and goes on to get his leg repaired.
  • Jay Garrick / Flash appears in the Injustice: Gods Among Us prequel comic as a charter member of the Justice Society of America (JSA) and a friend of Barry Allen. After the Joker gains possession of an amulet that allows the owner to possess individuals, he uses it on the JSA to hurt the Justice League.[60] Allen tries to reach out to a possessed Garrick, but the Joker eventually forces the latter to kill himself, which leaves a lasting effect on Allen.[61]

References

  1. 1 2 Beatty, Scott; Wallace, Dan (2008). The DC Comics Encyclopedia (Updated and expanded ed.). New York: Dorling Kindersley Publishing. pp. 124–127. ISBN 978-0756641191.
  2. ↑ "The Harry Lampert 2000 Shoot Interview by David Armstrong". YouTube.
  3. ↑ JSA #87 (September 2006). DC Comics.
  4. ↑ The Flash (vol. 2) #208 (May 2004). DC Comics.
  5. ↑ Infinite Crisis #4 (March 2006). DC Comics.
  6. ↑ Gardner F. Fox (w), Everett E. Hibbard (a). Flash Comics, no. 6 (June, 1940). All-American Publications.
  7. ↑ DC Special Series #11 (1978). DC Comics.
  8. ↑ Gardner F. Fox (w). All Star Comics, no. 3 (Winter, 1940). All-American Publications.
  9. ↑ Flash Comics, no. 5, p. 4/4 (May, 1940). All-American Publications.
  10. ↑ Waid, Mark. "Chapter 7 Stolen Thunder". The Life Story Of The Flash by Iris Allen. DC Comics.
  11. ↑ Zero Hour: Crisis in Time #2 (September 1994). DC Comics.
  12. ↑ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #49 (May 2011). DC Comics.
  13. 1 2 Outsiders (vol. 3) #40. DC Comics.
  14. ↑ Outsiders (vol. 3) #36 (July 2006). DC Comics.
  15. ↑ Outsiders (vol. 3) #37. DC Comics.
  16. ↑ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #44. DC Comics.
  17. ↑ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #45. DC Comics.
  18. ↑ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #46. DC Comics.
  19. ↑ Justice League of America (vol. 2) #55. DC Comics.
  20. ↑ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #54 (August 2011). DC Comics.
  21. ↑ The Flash (vol. 5) #9. DC Comics.
  22. ↑ The Flash (vol. 5) #22. DC Comics.
  23. ↑ Doomsday Clock #8 (December 2018). DC Comics.
  24. ↑ Doomsday Clock #12 (December 2019). DC Comics.
  25. ↑ Cecchini, Mike (February 7, 2020). "The Flash: Inside the Return of Jay Garrick". Den of Geek. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  26. ↑ The Flash #750 (March 2020). DC Comics.
  27. ↑ The Flash #756-762. DC Comics.
  28. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal #2. DC Comics.
  29. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal #3. DC Comics.
  30. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal: Speed Metal #1. DC Comics.
  31. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal #5. DC Comics.
  32. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal - The Last 52: Battle of the Multiverse #1. DC Comics.
  33. ↑ Dark Nights: Death Metal #7. DC Comics.
  34. ↑ The New Golden Age #1. DC Comics.
  35. ↑ Justice Society of America Vol. 4 #2. DC Comics.
  36. ↑ Justice Society of America Vol. 4 #3. Marvel Comics.
  37. ↑ Justice Society of America Vol. 4 #4. DC Comics.
  38. ↑ Justice Society of America Vol. 4 #5. DC Comics.
  39. ↑ Justice Society of America #6. DC Comics.
  40. ↑ Justice Society of America Vol. 8. DC Comics.
  41. ↑ Jay Garrick: The Flash #1. DC Comics.
  42. ↑ Jay Garrick: The Flash #2. DC Comics.
  43. ↑ Jay Garrick: The Flash #3. DC Comics.
  44. ↑ Earth 2 #2 (June 2012). DC Comics.
  45. ↑ Earth-2 #5 (September 2012). DC Comics.
  46. ↑ The Flash #761. DC Comics.
  47. ↑ 52, no. 52, p. 13/3 (May 2, 2007). DC Comics.
  48. ↑ Brady, Matt (2007-05-08). "The 52 exit interviews: grant morrison". Newsarama. Archived from the original on May 10, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
  49. ↑ The Flash: The Fastest Man Alive #6 (January 2007). DC Comics.
  50. ↑ JSA: The Unholy Three (2003). DC Comics.
  51. ↑ Flashpoint: Kid Flash Lost #3 (August 2011). DC Comics.
  52. ↑ Goldfarb, Andrew (July 11, 2015). "COMIC CON 2015: THE FLASH ADDS JAY GARRICK, WALLY WEST FOR SEASON 2". IGN. Retrieved July 16, 2015.
  53. ↑ Abrams, Natalie (February 23, 2016). "The Flash reveals Zoom's identity!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  54. ↑ Abrams, Natalie (May 24, 2016). "The Flash reveals man in the iron mask!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  55. ↑ Daniel Falconer (2016-11-18). "The Flash: Jay Garrick Returns In 'The Present' Synopsis". Screenrant.com. Retrieved 2016-11-27.
  56. ↑ Bucksbaum, Sydney (February 18, 2021). "John Wesley Shipp to guest-star on 'DC's Stargirl' as Golden Age Flash". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  57. ↑ Feury, Matt (July 19, 2023). "The Rough Cut: How the Editors Kept Up with "The Flash"". frame.io. Archived from the original on July 19, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
  58. ↑ Hermanns, Grant (June 16, 2023). "The Flash's Classic Cameo Is Not Who Everybody Thought It Was, New Report Reveals". Screen Rant. Retrieved June 16, 2023.
  59. ↑ Smallville Season 11 #11 (March 2013). DC Comics.
  60. ↑ Injustice: Year Zero #9 (October 2020). DC Comics.
  61. ↑ Injustice: Year Zero #10 (November 2020). DC Comics.
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