This article contains a list of knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

Burgundian Golden Fleece

15th century

Habsburg Golden Fleece

15th century

16th century

1601

17th century

Spanish Golden Fleece

18th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

Austrian Golden Fleece

18th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

Rival branches

Josephine branch of the Spanish Golden Fleece (1809–1813)

Carlist branch of the Spanish Golden Fleece (1836–1931)

Carloctaviste branch

On 29 June 1943 Archduke Karl Pius of Austria, Prince of Tuscany issued a manifesto in which he claimed to be the legitimate successor to the Spanish throne. At the time, he had three older brothers still living, but none of these had shown an interest in claiming the throne for himself. In 1947 Karl's older brothers Leopold and Franz Josef formally renounced their rights in New York. In 1948 his other brother Anton verbally renounced his rights in Barcelona. (Both Anton and Franz Josef would take up the claim after Karl died, and Anton's son Dominic is the current claimant.)

Karl was recognised by his supporters as Carlos VIII; his movement is therefore called carloctavismo or octavismo. He used the title Duke of Madrid as his grandfather had done. Karl received the support of some of the most conservative Carlist leaders. He also received a certain level of support from some of General Franco's officials in the Movimiento Nacional; the followers of the Carlist regent Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma claimed that the Francoist support was merely an attempt to divide Carlists. Karl moved to Andorra and then returned to Barcelona. Between 1944 and 1951 he gave out fourteen titles of nobility; he also named members to the Order of Proscribed Legitimacy and the Order of Santa Maria of the Lily of Navarre. He established a new order of merit named in honour of Saint Charles Borromeo. In 1952 he awarded the collar of this order to General Franco and the grand cross of the order to Cardinal Federico Tedeschini, papal legate to the International Eucharistic Congress in Barcelona.

Since Karl claimed to be the legitimate successor to the Spanish throne Carloctavismo also has its own branch of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece. For a list of the Knights of the Carloctaviste branch of the Spanish Golden Fleece (1943 to present) see fr:Liste des chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or#Ordre carloctaviste de la Toison d'Or

Napoleon's project to merge the Spanish and Austrian branches of the order

On 15 August 1809, Napoleon Bonaparte planned the creation of a new order which would receive the name of Ordre des Trois Toisons d'Or (Order of the Three Golden Fleece). It was planned to merge the Spanish and Austrian branches and to extend the order to France, and to reflect this merger in a design made up of three copies of the golden fleece of the pre-existing orders, in which design would also be shown the French Imperial (Napoleonic) Eagle. It was projected that the order would count a maximum of 100 Grand Knights, and would include two new categories of 400 Commanders and 1000 Knights. However Napoleon's project never materialized.[25]

Notes

  1. ↑ It was recorded by Arnaud de Limburg Stirum that Charles was a Knight during the burial of Count Thierry de Limburg Stirum in 1968.
  2. ↑ Reconoció a Alfonso XII como rey en 1875, confirmando el gobierno liberal ese mismo año sus títulos pero no el Toisón.
  3. ↑ Los pretendientes carlistas mantuvieron su propia orden hasta 1931 aunque no se realizaron nombramientos posteriones.

References

  1. ↑ Juan L. Sánchez. "Juan de Velasco y Henin (1609-1678), Conde de Salazar, Marqués de Belveder". tercios.org. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  2. ↑ "Juan de Velasco : précisez". roglo.eu. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  3. ↑ "Joseph Bonaparte nominated his own knights of the Golden Fleece from 1808 to 1813". antiquesatoz.com. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  4. ↑ "The Carlist Pretenders to the throne nominated their own knights of the Golden Fleece from 1845 to 1900". antiquesatoz.com. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Latest intelligence - France". The Times. No. 36801. London. 23 June 1902. p. 5.
  6. 1 2 (in Spanish)El Toisón de Oro en el siglo XXI, page 15 (accessed on November 17, 2006)
  7. ↑ (in Spanish)El Toisón de Oro en el siglo XXI, page 16 (accessed on November 17, 2006)
  8. ↑ (in Spanish) Tribuna libre, Almendron.com (accessed on November 17, 2006)
  9. ↑ Regiments.org Archived 2007-01-04 at the Wayback Machine (accessed on November 17, 2006)
  10. ↑ "Royal Decree 234/1985, of February 26, by which the Collar of the distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece is awarded to His Imperial Highness Akihito, Crown Prince of Japan". 26 February 1985. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  11. ↑ "Royal Decree 371/1985, of March 22, by which the Necklace of the Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece is awarded to His Majesty King Al-Hussein Bin Talal of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan". 22 March 1985. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  12. ↑ Boletín Oficial del Estado
  13. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha BOE 04-10-02, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on June 13, 2007)
  14. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of King Bhumibol Adulyadej BOE 06-06-10, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on November 17, 2006)
  15. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg BOE 07-04-14, Spanish official journal (accessed on June 9, 2007)
  16. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Adolfo Suárez BOE 07-06-09, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on June 9, 2007)
  17. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia BOE 07-06-16, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on June 19, 2007)
  18. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Javier Solana BOE 10-01-23, Spanish official journal (accessed on June 9, 2010)
  19. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Víctor García de la Concha BOE 10-01-23, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on June 9, 2010)
  20. ↑ (in Spanish) El Rey concede el Toisón de Oro a Sarkozy (accessed on November 25, 2011)
  21. ↑ (in Spanish) The Induction of Enrique V. Iglesias BOE 14-03-23, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on March 30, 2014)
  22. ↑ Spanish: BOE 15-10-31, Spanish Official Journal (accessed on October 31, 2015)
  23. ↑ Miguel Gómez Damas y no Manuel Gómez y Damas Índice de la I Guerra Carlista. las Guerras Carlistas: Actas de Historia. Consultado el 11 de noviembre de 2012.
  24. ↑ Cevallos y no Ceballos, Índice de la II Guerra Carlista. las Guerras Carlistas: Actas de Historia. Consultado el 11 de noviembre de 2012.
  25. ↑ Ceballos Escalera y Gila, A. La Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro. Real Sociedad Económica Segoviana, 2000. ISBN 978-84-930310-2-2.

Bibliography

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