This is a list of the heads of state and heads of government of the Group of Seven nations at each G6, G7, G8 summit since the organisation's inception in 1975. The Group consists of the 6-7-8 largest industrialized democracies, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,the United Kingdom and the United States. The European Union is also a member since 1977, represented by the President of the European Commission and the President of the European Council, which before 2009 was the leader of the state holding the rotating Presidency of the Council of the European Union, also sometimes coinciding with a G7/8 nation, and is since 2009 a permanent position. The G7 holds an annual summit, which each nation's head of government attends. Each year the heads of government take turns assuming the presidency, whose job it is to set the agenda for and host the annual summit. The leader who has been in office the longest of the seven leaders is considered the Senior G7 leader; currently Justin Trudeau since December 2021.

While the current G7 consists of seven nations, it didn't always. The group was formed as the Group of Six, G6, including all of today's members minus Canada. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, Canada joined in the second year of the group's existence, 1976, forming the Group of Seven, G7. Russia joined the Group of Eight, G8, in 1997, under the leadership of President Boris Yeltsin. Russia was suspended in March 2014 after the Russian annexation of Crimea, the group being thereafter again referred to as the Group of Seven.[1]

Summit
(Host)
State
Canada France Germany Italy Japan Russia United Kingdom United States European Union
Commission Council
1st — 1975
 France
Had not joined Valéry Giscard d'Estaing Helmut Schmidt Aldo Moro Takeo Miki Had not joined Harold Wilson Gerald Ford Had not joined
2nd — 1976
 United States
Pierre Trudeau James Callaghan
3rd — 1977
 United Kingdom
Giulio Andreotti Takeo Fukuda Jimmy Carter Roy Jenkins James Callaghan
4th — 1978
 West Germany
Helmut Schmidt
5th — 1979
 Japan
Joe Clark Masayoshi Ōhira Margaret Thatcher Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
6th — 1980
 Italy
Pierre Trudeau Francesco Cossiga Saburo Okita[lower-alpha 1] Francesco Cossiga
7th — 1981
 Canada
François Mitterrand Giovanni Spadolini Zenkō Suzuki Ronald Reagan Gaston Thorn Margaret Thatcher
8th — 1982
 France
Belgium Wilfried Martens
9th — 1983
 United States
Helmut Kohl Amintore Fanfani Yasuhiro Nakasone Helmut Kohl
10th — 1984
 United Kingdom
Bettino Craxi François Mitterrand
11th — 1985
 West Germany
Brian Mulroney Jacques Delors Bettino Craxi
12th — 1986
 Japan
Netherlands Ruud Lubbers
13th — 1987
 Italy
Amintore Fanfani Belgium Wilfried Martens
14th — 1988
 Canada
Ciriaco De Mita Noboru Takeshita Helmut Kohl
15th — 1989
 France
Sōsuke Uno George H. W. Bush François Mitterrand
16th — 1990
 United States
Giulio Andreotti Toshiki Kaifu Giulio Andreotti
17th — 1991
 United Kingdom
John Major Netherlands Ruud Lubbers
18th — 1992
 Germany
Giuliano Amato Kiichi Miyazawa John Major
19th — 1993
 Japan
Kim Campbell Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Bill Clinton Henning Christophersen[lower-alpha 2] Belgium Jean-Luc Dehaene
20th — 1994
 Italy
Jean Chrétien Silvio Berlusconi Tomiichi Murayama Jacques Delors Helmut Kohl
21st — 1995
 Canada
Jacques Chirac Lamberto Dini Jacques Santer Jacques Chirac
22nd — 1996
 France
Romano Prodi Ryutaro Hashimoto Romano Prodi
23rd — 1997
 United States
Boris Yeltsin Tony Blair Netherlands Wim Kok
24th — 1998
 United Kingdom
Tony Blair
25th — 1999
 Germany
Gerhard Schröder Massimo D'Alema Keizō Obuchi Manuel Marín[lower-alpha 3] Gerhard Schröder
26th — 2000
 Japan
Giuliano Amato Yoshirō Mori Vladimir Putin Romano Prodi Jacques Chirac
27th — 2001
 Italy
Silvio Berlusconi Junichirō Koizumi George W. Bush Belgium Guy Verhofstadt
28th — 2002
 Canada
Spain José María Aznar
29th — 2003
 France
Greece Costas Simitis
30th — 2004
 United States
Paul Martin Republic of Ireland Bertie Ahern
31st — 2005
 United Kingdom
José Manuel Barroso Tony Blair
32nd — 2006
 Russia
Stephen Harper Angela Merkel Romano Prodi Finland Matti Vanhanen
33rd — 2007
 Germany
Nicolas Sarkozy Shinzō Abe Angela Merkel
34th — 2008
 Japan
Silvio Berlusconi Yasuo Fukuda Dmitry Medvedev Gordon Brown Nicolas Sarkozy
35th — 2009
 Italy
Tarō Asō Barack Obama Sweden Fredrik Reinfeldt
36th — 2010
 Canada
Naoto Kan David Cameron José Manuel Barroso Herman Van Rompuy
37th — 2011
 France
38th — 2012
 United States
François Hollande Mario Monti Yoshihiko Noda
39th — 2013
 United Kingdom
Enrico Letta Shinzō Abe Vladimir Putin
40th — 2014
 European Union
Matteo Renzi Suspended
41st — 2015
 Germany
Jean-Claude Juncker Donald Tusk
42nd — 2016
 Japan
Justin Trudeau
43rd — 2017
 Italy
Emmanuel Macron Paolo Gentiloni Had left Theresa May Donald Trump
44th — 2018
 Canada
Giuseppe Conte
45th — 2019
 France
Boris Johnson
46th — 2020
 United States[lower-alpha 4]
Ursula von der Leyen Charles Michel
47th — 2021
 United Kingdom
Mario Draghi Yoshihide Suga Joe Biden
48th — 2022
 Germany
Olaf Scholz Fumio Kishida
49th — 2023
 Japan
Giorgia Meloni Rishi Sunak
50th — 2024
 Italy

List of Senior G7 Leaders

The following is a chronology of senior G7 leaders from the founding of the G6 (a precursor organization to the G8) to the present.[lower-alpha 5]

Entered office as
Head of State
or Government
Began time as
senior G8 leader
Ended time as
senior G8 leader
Term
Length
LeaderOffice
16 October 1964[lower-alpha 6]15 November 19755 April 1976142 daysHarold WilsonUnited Kingdom Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
16 May 19745 April 197627 June 197683 daysHelmut SchmidtGermany Chancellor of West Germany
20 April 196827 June 1976[lower-alpha 7]4 June 19792 years, 342 daysPierre TrudeauCanada Prime Minister of Canada
16 May 19744 June 19793 March 1980273 daysHelmut SchmidtGermany Chancellor of West Germany
20 April 1968[lower-alpha 8]3 March 198030 June 19844 years, 119 daysPierre TrudeauCanada Prime Minister of Canada
4 May 197930 June 198428 November 19906 years, 151 daysMargaret ThatcherUnited Kingdom Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
10 May 198128 November 199017 May 19954 years, 170 daysFrançois MitterrandFrance President of France
1 October 198217 May 199527 October 19983 years, 163 daysHelmut KohlGermany Chancellor of Germany
10 July 199127 October 199831 December 19991 year, 65 daysBoris YeltsinRussia President of Russia
20 January 199331 December 199920 January 20011 year, 20 daysBill ClintonUnited States President of the United States
4 November 199320 January 200112 December 20032 years, 326 daysJean ChrétienCanada Prime Minister of Canada
17 May 199512 December 200316 May 20073 years, 155 daysJacques ChiracFrance President of France
2 May 199716 May 200727 June 200742 daysTony BlairUnited Kingdom Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
7 May 200027 June 20077 May 2008315 daysVladimir PutinRussia President of Russia
20 January 20017 May 200820 January 2009258 daysGeorge W. BushUnited States President of the United States
10 May 1994[lower-alpha 9]20 January 200916 November 20112 years, 300 daysSilvio BerlusconiItaly Prime Minister of Italy
22 November 200516 November 20117 May 2012173 daysAngela MerkelGermany Chancellor of Germany
7 May 2000[lower-alpha 10]7 May 201224 March 20141 year, 321 daysVladimir PutinRussia President of Russia
22 November 200524 March 20148 December 20217 years, 259 daysAngela MerkelGermany Chancellor of Germany
4 November 20158 December 2021Incumbent2 years, 37 daysJustin TrudeauCanada Prime Minister of Canada

List of seniority of current G7 leaders

LeaderOfficeIn Office SinceTerm Length
Justin TrudeauCanada Prime Minister of Canada4 November 20158 years, 71 days
Emmanuel MacronFrance President of France14 May 20176 years, 245 days
Joe BidenUnited States President of the United States20 January 20212 years, 359 days
Fumio KishidaJapan Prime Minister of Japan4 October 20212 years, 102 days
Olaf ScholzGermany Chancellor of Germany8 December 20212 years, 37 days
Giorgia MeloniItaly Prime Minister of Italy22 October 20221 year, 84 days
Rishi SunakUnited Kingdom Prime Minister of the United Kingdom25 October 20221 year, 81 days

G7 tenure

  • The longest period anyone has been the senior G7 leader is the 7 years, 259 days of Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel, who was Chancellor for sixteen years.
  • The shortest period any past G7 leader has been the senior G7 leader is the 42 days of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Tony Blair in 2007.
  • Despite the fact that Japan was a founding member of the G6 (which later became the G7, and then the G8), no Japanese Prime Minister has ever become the Senior G7 Leader.
  • Except for Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Wilson, the first person to be Senior G7 Leader, no past Senior G7 Leader has held office for less than eight years.
  • Silvio Berlusconi currently holds the record of G8 Summit hosting, having hosted it in Italy three times.

Notes

  1. Okita was actually Foreign Minister at the time, filling in for Prime Minister Ōhira, who died 10 days before the conference began.
  2. Vice-President of the European Commission
  3. Acting Commission President following the March 1999 resignation of the Santer Commission
  4. Due to the global coronavirus pandemic, the 2020 summit was cancelled.
  5. Canada did not join the organization until 1976 while Russia did not join until 1997. Therefore, Canadian leaders prior to 1976 and Russian leaders before 1997 are not included in this list.
  6. Wilson first served as Prime Minister from 16 October 1964 to 19 June 1970, and then again from 4 March 1974 to 5 April 1976.
  7. Canada joined the organization on this date. Trudeau had been in office longer than any of the other leaders and so took the title of senior G8 leader from Schmidt.
  8. Trudeau first served as Prime Minister from 20 April 1968 to 4 June 1979, and then again from 3 March 1980 to 30 June 1984.
  9. Berlusconi first served as Prime Minister from 10 May 1994 to 17 January 1995, then again from 11 June 2001 to 17 May 2006, and then again from 8 May 2008 to 16 November 2011.
  10. Putin first served as President of Russia from 2000 to 2008.

References

  1. Myers, Steven Lee; Barry, Ellen (2014-03-18). "Putin Reclaims Crimea for Russia and Bitterly Denounces the West". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-02-20.
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