Haeo Suwat waterfall in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand's first national park, designated in 1961.

National parks in Thailand (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ) are defined as an area that contains natural resources of ecological importance or unique beauty, or flora and fauna of special importance. As of 2019 Thailand's protected areas included 156 national parks, 58 wildlife sanctuaries, 67 non-hunting areas, and 120 forest parks. They cover almost 31 percent of the kingdom's territory.[1]

The parks are administered by the National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department (DNP), of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE). The department was created in 2002, and took over the national parks from the Royal Forest Department of the Ministry of Agriculture.[2]

The first national park was Khao Yai in 1961, when the National Park Act B.E. 2504 was passed. The first marine park was Khao Sam Roi Yot, established in 1966. In 1993 the administration of the national parks was split into two divisions, one for the terrestrial and one for the Marine National Park Division (MNPD).[3]

Controversies about Thailand's national parks include complaints over excessive development and allotment of private concessions. Ko Samet, and other island-based national parks, are particularly impacted by the activities of private concessions, often in the form of excessive bungalow developments. Many of the northern parks are greatly impacted by illegal swidden farming and poaching.

Thai highlands (Part 1: 19 national parks)

Name Province Area (km²) Area (sq mi) Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Doi InthanonChiang Mai482186613-06-197816874,372
Doi Pha Hom PokChiang Mai5242029704-09-20001690,844
Doi Suthep–PuiChiang Mai257992426-09-198216328,659
Khun KhanChiang Mai2088012618-05-201216587
Mae TakhraiChiang Mai,
Lamphun
35413713112-12-20171626,562
Mae WangChiang Mai1204611220-11-20091680,375
Op LuangChiang Mai5532136804-12-19911642,708
Pha DaengChiang Mai1,1234339902-11-20001644,741
Si LannaChiang Mai1,4055426008-08-20121681,664
Doi LuangChiang Rai,
Phayao, Lampang
1,1694516129-11-20051541,016
Khun ChaeChiang Rai2701048014-08-19951511,240
Mae PingLamphun, Tak,
Chiang Mai
1,0043873121-12-19941639,895
Huai Nam DangMae Hong Son, Chiang Mai1,2524838114-08-199516164,063
Namtok Mae SurinMae Hong Son3971533729-10-198116BR5,471
SalawinMae Hong Son7212787809-11-199416BR2,054
Tham Pla–
Namtok Phu Suea
Mae Hong Son63024311623-12-200916BR89,047
Doi Phu NangPhayao86033212713-06-20121535,181
Mae PuemPhayao,
Chiang Rai
35113512025-12-20091512,367
Phu SangPhayao,
Chiang Rai
2851109802-11-200015111,009

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (9 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Doi Wiang PhaChiang Mai,
Chiang Rai
30311713161,704
Mae ThoChiang Mai4331673161,327
Namtok Bua Thong-
Nam Phu Chet Si
Chiang Mai8633916167,969
Op KhanChiang Mai22788151661,832
Lam Nam KokChiang Rai5872271815104,844
Phu Chi FaChiang Rai93362115289,755
Tham Luang–
Khun Nam Nang Non
Chiang Rai1977151,573,476
Mae NgaoMae Hong Son,
Tak
228861116BR6,304
Mae SariangMae Hong Son192741216BR0

Thai highlands (Part 2: 31 national parks)

Name Province Area (km²) Area (sq mi) Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Khlong LanKamphaeng Phet3001204425-12-198212206,407
Khlong Wang ChaoKamphaeng Phet, Tak7472886329-08-19901233,370
Mae WongKamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan8943455414-09-19871251,826
Chae SonLampang7682975828-12-200013BR248,381
Doi ChongLampang, Lamphun33613013026-04-2019[1]13BR8,827
Mae WaLampang, Tak58222510117-11-200013BR5,878
Doi Khun TanLamphun, Lampang255991005-03-197513BR15,968
Doi Phu KhaNan1,7046589417-06-19991363,102
Khun NanNan2499611115-07-2009132,645
Khun SathanNan34213213025-03-20171331,945
Mae CharimNan43216710606-07-20071310,086
Si NanNan1,02439510425-05-200713115,358
Tham SakoenPhayao, Nan2509712821-04-20161311,987
Khao KhoPhetchabun48318612518-05-20121133,609
Nam NaoPhetchabun966373526-09-19821131,840
Tat MokPhetchabun2901108730-10-19981117,872
Namtok Chat TrakanPhitsanulok54321055 02-11-19871113,033
Phu Hin Rong KlaPhitsanulok, Loei3071194826-07-198411289,210
Thung Salaeng LuangPhitsanulok, Phetchabun1,262487327-05-19751152,126
Doi Pha KlongPhrae1897310706-07-2007133,891
Mae YomPhrae, Lampang4551755101-03-1986136,738
Wiang KosaiPhrae, Lampang4101583512-05-20111322,860
RamkhamhaengSukhothai3411321827-10-19801423,356
Si SatchanalaiSukhothai213822608-05-19811410,569
Khun PhawoTak39715311523-12-20091410,307
Lan SangTak104401514-05-19791438,882
Mae MoeiTak185719220-05-1999148,836
Taksin MaharatTak149583823-12-19811430,194
Lam Nam NanUttaradit, Phrae9993868430-09-19981127,926
Phu Soi DaoUttaradit34013010928-05-20081119,706
Ton Sak YaiUttaradit51920010304-12-2003114,089

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (6 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Khelang BanphotLampang8031513BR1,575
Tham Pha ThaiLampang1,230463113BR33,873
NanthaburiNan4271652135,248
Khwae NoiPhitsanulok198768115,692
Doi Soi MalaiTak355137171428,155
Namtok Pha CharoenTak7702971414152,539
Waterfall Khlong Lan National Park,
Kamphaeng Phet Province
Nan River meanders through
Si Nan National Park
Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Loei, Phitsanulok and Phetchabun.

Northeast (21 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Pa Hin NgamChaiyaphum1003910506-06-20077106,428
Phu LaenkhaChaiyaphum2007710827-07-2007793,869
Sai ThongChaiyaphum3191237730-12-1992751,233
Tat TonChaiyaphum217842331-12-19807388,665
Nam PhongKhon Kaen, Chaiyaphum1977610015-11-2000868,273
Phu Kao–
Phu Phan Kham
Nong Bua Lamphu, Khon Kaen3181235009-04-2010104,337
Phu Pha ManKhon Kaen, Loei3501357208-12-199189,682
Phu WiangKhon Kaen3251257108-12-199186,150
Phu KraduengLoei348134225-10-1978886,259
Phu RueaLoei121471626-07-19798169,643
Phu Suan SaiLoei117457923-11-199489,907
Phu Pha ThoepMukdahan48195918-07-2003947,609
Phu Sa Dok BuaMukdahan, Yasothon,
Amnat Charoen
231897530-12-199291,812
Phu LangkaNakhon Phanom, Bueng Kan501911723-12-20091024,151
Phu Pha LekSakon Nakhon,
Udon Thani, Kalasin
40415611823-12-2009101,036
Phu PhanSakon Nakhon, Kalasin665257729-10-1982104,895
Phu Pha YonSakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom, Mukdahan8293205728-07-1988105,025
Khao Phra WihanSisaket,
Ubon Ratchathani
130508320-03-19989202,616
Kaeng TanaUbon Ratchathani80313313-07-1981931,170
Pha TaemUbon Ratchathani3401307430-12-19919180,155
Phu Chong–Na YoiUbon Ratchathani6862655301-06-1987986,252

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (2 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Phu Hin Chom That–
Phu Phra Bat
Nong Bua Lamphu,
Udon Thani, Loei
17768201012,162
Na Yung–Nam SomUdon Thani, Loei
Nong Khai
39715310108,357
Tat Ton Waterfall in National Park,
Chaiyaphum Province
Fowers of Phu Ruea National Park,
Loei Province
Acer calcaratum at
Phu Kradueng National Park

Central-East (27 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Ta PhrayaBuriram, Sa Kaeo5942298222-11-199613,398
Khao KhitchakutChanthaburi59231424-09-199821,179,671
Khao Sip Ha ChanChanthaburi1184612225-12-200929,557
Namtok PhlioChanthaburi135521102-05-19752671,396
Chaloem RattanakosinKanchanaburi59231712-02-1980331,536
ErawanKanchanaburi5502101214-08-19753650,852
Khao LaemKanchanaburi1,4975786714-08-2009366,192
Khuean SrinagarindraKanchanaburi1,5325923923-12-19813145,254
Lam Khlong NguKanchanaburi67326012325-12-200934,032
Sai YokKanchanaburi5001901927-10-19803117,401
Thong Pha PhumKanchanaburi1,23647711423-12-20093112,332
Khao YaiNakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachinburi, Saraburi2,166836118-09-196211,551,449
Kaeng KrachanPhetchaburi,
Prachuap Khiri Khan
2,9151,1252824-09-19983BR103,510
Thap LanPrachinburi,
Nakhon Ratchasima
2,2368634007-07-1989157,075
Hat WanakonaPrachuap Khiri Khan38157630-12-19923BR43,268
Khao Sam Roi YotaPrachuap Khiri Khan9838401-04-19823BR164,735
Kui BuriPrachuap Khiri Khan9693749025-03-19993BR20,746
Namtok Huai YangPrachuap Khiri Khan161627008-12-19913BR26,906
Chaloem Phrakiat Thai PrachanRatchaburi32912712424-01-2012375,278
Khao Chamao–
Khao Wong
Rayong, Chanthaburi84321331-12-19752218,430
Khao Laem Ya–
Mu Ko Samet
a
Rayong131513401-10-198121,619,908
Pang SidaSa Kaeo8443264122-02-1982158,382
Namtok Chet Sao NoiSaraburi, Nakhon
Ratchasima
421612926-12-20161BR389,101
Namtok Sam LanSaraburi45172726-05-20171BR45,828
Phu ToeiSuphanburi3171228630-09-199838,830
Mu Ko ChangaTrat6502504531-12-19822249,895
Namtok Khlong KaeoTrat1987612125-12-2009225,814

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (1 national park)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Ao SiamPrachuap Khiri Khan13543BR19,357

South (east coast: 15 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Mu Ko ChumphonaChumphon3171228924-02-1999452,919
Khao LuangNakhon Si Thammarat570220918-12-1974584,649
Khao NanNakhon Si Thammarat41015811323-11-200956,772
Namtok Si KhitNakhon Si Thammarat,
Surat Thani
145569517-06-1999517,003
Namtok YongNakhon Si Thammarat205796422-07-1991597,604
Budo–Su-ngai PadiNarathiwat, Pattani, Yala3411329617-06-19996BR35,913
Namtok Sai KhaoPattani, Yala, Songkhla702711028-05-20086BR105,163
Khao Pu–Khao YaPhattalung, Trang, Nakhon Si Thammarat6942684227-05-19826167,309
Namtok NgaoRanong, Chumphon6682589302-06-19994125,815
Khao Nam KhangSongkhla212826522-07-199161,789
Kaeng KrungSurat Thani5412096904-12-19914909
Mu Ko Ang ThongaSurat Thani102392112-11-19804134,315
Tai Rom YenSurat Thani4251647330-12-1991414,436
Than Sadet–
Ko Pha-ngan
Surat Thani431713222-11-20184158,090
Bang LangYala2611018824-02-19996BR10,985

a Marine parks

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (4 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Hat Khanom–
Mu Ko Thale Tai
a
Nakhon Si Thammarat,
Surat Thani
31212016524,455
Ao Manao–
Khao Tanyong
Narathiwat249226BR95,961
Namtok Si PoNarathiwat6625196BR25,831
San Kala KhiriSongkhla14355667,527

South (west coast: 20 national parks)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
Order N.P. DNP Gazette date Gazette source PARO Visitors
Hat Noppharat Thara–
Mu Ko Phi Phi
a
Krabi3881504713-10-199851,142,113
Khao Phanom BenchaKrabi50192909-07-1981517,307
Mu Ko LantaaKrabi134526215-08-19905217,431
Than Bok KhoraniaKrabi104408530-09-19985183,083
Ao Phang-ngaaPhang Nga4001502529-04-19815999,035
Khao Lak–Lam RuaPhang Nga125486630-08-1991572,162
Khao Lampi–
Hat Thai Mueang
a
Phang Nga72285214-05-2010550,496
Mu Ko SimilanaPhang Nga140544325-09-19985676,793
Mu Ko SurinaPhang Nga141543006-07-2007554,171
Si Phang-ngaPhang Nga246955616-04-1988521,251
SirinataPhuket90353213-07-1981551,200
Laem SonaRanong,
Phang Nga
3151224619-08-1983428,258
Lam Nam Kra BuriaRanong160629121-04-1999417,718
Mu Ko RanongaRanong35713811923-12-20094482
Mu Ko PhetraaSatun, Trang4941914931-12-19845129,851
TarutaoaSatun1490580819-04-19745238,409
Thale BanaSatun196762022-07-1991511,996
Khao SokSurat Thani7392852202-08-19944419,470
Khlong PhanomSurat Thani41016010217-11-200041,711
Hat Chao MaiaTrang231893613-09-1989583,023

a Marine parks

Not yet published in the Government Gazette (1 national park)

Name Province Area
(km²)
Area
(sq mi)
22 N.P.
(preparation)
DNP PARO Visitors
Mu Ko Ra–
Ko Phra Thong
Phang Nga22988not listednone0

Changed names of national parks

Original nameDateChanged nameDateProvincePARO
Mae Fang04-09-2000Doi Pha Hom Pok26-09-2008Chiang Mai16
Doi Suthep14-04-1981Doi Suthep–Pui26-09-1982Chiang Mai16
Chiang Dao02-11-2000Pha Daeng    -03-2006Chiang Mai16
Mae Haad–Mae Ko13-07-1981Mae Ping13-07-1981Lamphun16
Mae Pung23-01-1984Mae YomPhrae13
Mai Klai Pen HinDoi Soi Malai22-05-2018Tak14
Ton Krabak Yai23-12-1981Taksin Maharat31-08-1986Tak14
Khlong Tron04-12-2003Ton Sak Yai12-07-2012Uttaradit11
Na Haeo23-11-1994Phu Suan Sai31-05-2006Loei8
Mukdahan28-12-1988Phu Pha Thoep31-05-2006Mukdahan9
Huai Huad28-07-1988Phu Pha Yon28-08-2000Sakon Nakhon10
Phu PhayaPhu Hin Chom That–
Phu Phra Bat
Udon Thani10
Khao Sa Bap02-05-1975Namtok Phlio29-09-1982Chanthaburi2
Tham Than Lot Mai12-02-1980Chaloem Rattanakosin01-07-1982Kanchanaburi3
Khao Sam Lan02-06-1981Namtok Sam Lan26-05-2017Saraburi1
Phra Phutthachai31-05-2006Namtok Sam Lan26-05-2017Saraburi1
Nai Yang13-07-1981Sirinat12-08-1992Phuket5

Notes

  • Area: the area of the national park according to the last publication in the Government Gazette[4]
  • Area: the area of the national park (preparation) according to the DNP list[5]
  • Order N.P.: according to first to last publication in the Government Gazette.
  • DNP: more information and a map of the specific national park.
  • Gazette date: the date of the last publication in the Government Gazette.
  • Gazette source: the webpage with the pdf document of the publication in the Government Gazette.
  • PARO: management of Thailand's national parks since 2002 in 16 regions with 5 branches.
  • Visitors: visitor numbers to Thailand's national parks are for the 2019 fiscal year, which runs from October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019.[6]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Five New National Parks in Thailand". The Government Public Relations Department. 6 August 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  2. "ประวัติความเป็นมา" [History]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022, เกี่ยวกับหน่วยงาน - About the agency - ประวัติความเป็นมา - History.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  3. Meprasert, Somrudee; Oregon State University (2006). The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: Tourism impacts and recovery progress in Thailand's marine national parks. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-0-542-96361-2. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  4. "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  5. "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ (เตรียมการ) 22 แห่ง" [Information of 22 National Parks Areas (Preparation)]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  6. https://portal.dnp.go.th/Content/nationalpark?contentld=20014, which contains the list of visitors of national parks of Thailand in the fiscal year 2019, can't be reached directly (not logged in). But by googling the following name, give acces to this page: สถิตินักท่องเที่ยวที่เข้าไปในอุทยานแห่งชาติ ปีงบประมาณ พ.ศ. 2562 Then choose ป่ 2562 (year 2562).
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