Countries or territories by GDP (nominal) per capita in 2023
  >$60,000
  $50,000 - $60,000
  $40,000 - $50,000
  $30,000 - $40,000
  $20,000 - $30,000
  $10,000 - $20,000
  $5,000 - $10,000
  $2,500 - $5,000
  $1,000 - $2,500
  $500 - $1,000
  <$500
  No data

The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. Such fluctuations change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference to the standard of living of its population.

GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living;[1][2] however, this is inaccurate because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income.

Comparisons of national income are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. (see List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita). PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem but not others; it does not reflect the value of economic output in international trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.

Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition (such as Kosovo, Palestine, and Taiwan) are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here, but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. In addition, non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.

Note that several leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions may be considered tax havens, and their GDP data subject to material distortion by tax planning activities. Examples include Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Luxembourg.[3]

All data are in current United States dollars. Historical data can be found here.

Table

The table initially ranks each country or territory by its IMF estimate, and can be reranked by any of the sources.

class="static-row-header " style="font-weight:bold;"|- style="background:#ECECEC"

GDP (in USD) per capita by country (including  non-sovereign states and territories )
Country/Territory UN Region IMF[4][5] World Bank[6] United Nations[7]
EstimateYearEstimateYearEstimateYear








 MonacoEurope—234,3172021234,3172021
 LiechtensteinEurope—184,0832021169,2602021
 LuxembourgEurope135,6052023126,4262022133,7452021
 BermudaAmericas—118,8462022112,6532021
 IrelandEurope112,2482023104,0392022101,1092021
 SwitzerlandEurope102,865202392,102202293,5252021
 NorwayEurope99,2662023106,149202289,2422021
 Cayman IslandsAmericas—88,476202185,2502021
 SingaporeAsia87,884202382,808202266,8222021
 QatarAsia81,968202388,046202266,7992021
 United StatesAmericas80,412202376,399202269,1852021
 Isle of ManEurope—79,5312020—
 IcelandEurope78,837202372,903202269,1332021
 DenmarkEurope71,402202366,983202268,0372021
 Faroe IslandsEurope—69,0102021—
 Channel IslandsEurope—67,9612021—
 AustraliaOceania63,487202364,491202266,9162021
 NetherlandsEurope61,770202355,985202257,8712021
 San MarinoEurope58,541202354,983202150,4252021
 AustriaEurope58,013202352,131202253,8402021
 GreenlandAmericas—57,116202158,1852021
 CubaAmericas—56,495202211,2552021
 SwedenEurope55,216202355,873202260,7302021
 FinlandEurope54,507202350,537202253,7032021
 MacauAsia54,296202331,618202243,5552021
 BelgiumEurope53,657202349,583202251,1662021
 CanadaAmericas53,247202354,967202252,1122021
 IsraelAsia53,196202354,660202254,1112021
 GermanyEurope52,824202348,433202251,0732021
 Hong KongAsia51,168202348,984202249,2592021
 United Arab EmiratesAsia50,602202353,758202243,2952021
 British Virgin IslandsAmericas——49,4442021
 United KingdomEurope48,912202345,850202246,5422021
 New ZealandOceania48,072202348,249202248,8242021
 FranceEurope46,315202340,964202244,2292021
 AndorraEurope44,107202341,993202242,0662021
 European Union[n 1]Europe41,110202337,150202231,875[8]2021
 U.S. Virgin IslandsAmericas—39,5522020—
 MaltaEurope38,715202333,941202233,6422021
 ItalyEurope37,146202334,158202237,1502021
 Puerto RicoAmericas37,093202335,209202232,7162021
 New CaledoniaOceania—36,668202234,9942021
 Sint Maarten (Dutch part)Americas—36,220202226,1992021
 GuamOceania—35,9052021—
 ArubaAmericas35,718202329,342202129,3422021
 CyprusAsia34,791[n 2]202331,284[n 2]202232,281[n 2]2021
 BruneiAsia34,384202337,153202231,4492021
 BahamasAmericas34,371202331,458202227,4782021
 JapanAsia33,950202333,815202239,6502021
 South KoreaAsia33,147202332,255202234,9402021
 SpainEurope33,090202329,350202230,0582021
 Saudi ArabiaAsia32,586202330,436202223,1862021
 SloveniaEurope32,350202329,457202229,1352021
 TaiwanAsia32,339[n 3]2023——
 KuwaitAsia32,215202343,234202232,1502021
 EstoniaEurope30,998202328,333202227,9912021
 Czech RepublicEurope30,475202327,638202226,8092021
 LithuaniaEurope28,482202324,827202223,8442021
 BahrainAsia28,464202330,152202226,5632021
 PortugalEurope26,879202324,275202224,6512021
 LatviaEurope24,929202321,851202221,2672021
 SlovakiaEurope24,471202321,258202221,3902021
 GreeceEurope23,173202320,867202220,5712021
 PolandEurope22,393202318,321202217,7362021
 Saint Martin (French part)Americas—21,9212014—
 BarbadosAmericas21,442202320,019202217,2252021
 UruguayAmericas21,378202320,795202217,3132021
 OmanAsia21,266202325,057202219,5092021
 HungaryEurope21,075202318,463202218,7282021
 SeychellesAfrica20,890202315,875202212,0852021
 CroatiaEurope20,877202318,413202216,9832021
 GuyanaAmericas20,565202318,99020229,9992021
 Turks and Caicos IslandsAmericas—20,177202220,9092021
 French PolynesiaOceania—19,999202119,9152021
 Trinidad and TobagoAmericas19,622202318,222202216,0332021
 Cook IslandsOceania——19,2642021
 AnguillaAmericas——19,2162021
 Antigua and BarbudaAmericas19,068202318,745202215,2462021
 PanamaAmericas18,493202317,358202214,6182021
 RomaniaEurope18,413202315,892202214,6982021
 CuraçaoAmericas—17,718202114,1832021
 MaldivesAsia17,559202311,818202210,3662021
 Northern Mariana IslandsOceania—17,3032020—
 ChileAmericas17,254202315,356202216,2652021
 Costa RicaAmericas16,213202313,199202212,4722021
 MontserratAmericas——16,1992021
 BulgariaEurope16,087202313,773202212,2072021
 American SamoaOceania—15,7432021—
 PalauOceania15,113202312,084202112,0842021
 MexicoAmericas13,804202311,091202210,0462021
 Saint LuciaAmericas13,572202311,48220229,8242021
 TurkeyAsia13,384202310,61620229,6612021
 World13,330202312,648202212,2302021
 ArgentinaAmericas13,297202313,686202210,7612021
 MalaysiaAsia13,034202311,972202211,1012021
 RussiaEurope13,006202315,345202212,2592021
 KazakhstanAsia12,968202311,243202210,0552021
 TurkmenistanAsia12,93420237,29720208,5082021
 ChinaAsia12,541[n 4]202312,720[n 5]202212,437[n 4]2021
 NauruOceania11,757202310,648202112,3902021
 MauritiusAfrica11,752202310,21620228,8732021
 GrenadaAmericas11,437202310,01620228,9502021
 MontenegroEurope11,33820239,89420229,2522021
 SerbiaEurope11,30120239,39420228,6432021
 Dominican RepublicAmericas11,249202310,12120228,4772021
 BrazilAmericas10,41320239,46020228,1702021
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesAmericas9,36020239,12520228,4402021
 DominicaAmericas9,35620238,41520227,5712021
 GabonAfrica8,83220238,82020227,9112021
 ArmeniaAsia8,28320237,01420224,9672021
 GeorgiaAsia8,165[n 6]20236,628[n 6]20224,975[n 6]2021
 AlbaniaEurope8,05720236,80320226,3962021
 Bosnia and HerzegovinaEurope7,77820237,58520227,1432021
 BotswanaAfrica7,75820237,73820226,8052021
 North MacedoniaEurope7,67220236,59220226,6002021
 PeruAmericas7,66920237,12620226,6222021
 AzerbaijanAsia7,53020237,73720225,2962021
 BelarusEurope7,47720237,90520227,1212021
 ThailandAsia7,29820236,90920227,0672021
 BelizeAmericas7,14220236,96820226,2292021
 ColombiaAmericas6,97620236,63020226,1042021
 JamaicaAmericas6,83120236,04720225,1842021
 Equatorial GuineaAfrica6,50220237,05420227,6052021
 EcuadorAmericas6,50020236,39120225,9652021
 MoldovaEurope6,411[n 7]20235,563[n 7]20224,468[n 7]2021
 South AfricaAfrica6,19120236,77720227,0552021
 Marshall IslandsOceania6,14120236,72820226,1112021
 FijiOceania6,02520235,31720224,6472021
 KosovoEurope5,91220235,35120225,6632021
 IraqAsia5,88320235,93720224,6862021
 LibyaAfrica5,87220236,71620225,7912021
 ParaguayAmericas5,84320236,15320226,0352021
 TuvaluOceania5,77320235,33520225,3702021
 SurinameAmericas5,66720235,85820225,2592021
 El SalvadorAmericas5,55820235,12720224,5512021
 TongaOceania5,48820234,42620214,4512021
 GuatemalaAmericas5,40720235,47320224,8832021
 MongoliaAsia5,34820234,94720224,5102021
 UkraineEurope5,225[n 8]20234,534[n 8]20224,596[n 8]2021
 IndonesiaAsia5,10920234,78820224,3332021
 AlgeriaAfrica4,87520234,27420223,7002021
 JordanAsia4,85120234,20520224,0582021
 NamibiaAfrica4,78620234,91120224,8362021
 SamoaOceania4,63820233,74320223,9192021
 Cape VerdeAfrica4,50320233,90320223,2932021
 MicronesiaOceania4,35820233,74120223,5732021
 VietnamAsia4,31620234,16420223,7562021
 IranAsia4,23420234,38820226,7662021
 TunisiaAfrica4,19120233,77720223,8072021
 EswatiniAfrica3,99520234,04020223,9692021
 MoroccoAfrica3,98020233,52820223,8532021
 PhilippinesAsia3,85920233,49920223,4612021
 BoliviaAmericas3,85820233,52320223,3452021
 PalestineAsia3,464[n 9]20213,789[n 9]20223,514[n 10]2021
 EgyptAfrica3,77020234,29520223,8982021
 DjiboutiAfrica3,76120233,13620223,3482021
 BhutanAsia3,50020233,26620223,0632021
 VanuatuOceania3,49220233,01020223,0732021
 VenezuelaAmericas3,474202315,97620143,9652021
 Sri LankaAsia3,34220223,35420223,9182021
 LebanonAsia3,28320224,13620216,7852021
 HondurasAmericas3,24520233,04020222,7722021
 São Tomé and PríncipeAfrica2,90520232,40420222,4862021
 CongoAfrica2,85820232,44820222,2002021
 Ivory CoastAfrica2,72820232,48620222,5392021
 BangladeshAsia2,62120232,68820222,4502021
 IndiaAsia2,61220232,38920222,2742021
 NicaraguaAmericas2,59920232,25520222,0462021
 Papua New GuineaOceania2,58120233,02020222,6732021
 AngolaAfrica2,55020232,99920222,2582021
 UzbekistanAsia2,50920232,25520222,0322021
 MauritaniaAfrica2,33820232,19120222,1662021
 GhanaAfrica2,32920232,17620222,4092021
 Solomon IslandsOceania2,28520232,20320222,3062021
 KenyaAfrica2,18820232,09920222,0822021
 HaitiAmericas2,12520231,74820221,6642021
 ZimbabweAfrica2,00620231,26720221,5082021
 KiribatiOceania1,96820231,70220221,7652021
 CambodiaAsia1,91620231,78720221,6082021
 LaosAsia1,87920232,08820222,5692021
 KyrgyzstanAsia1,83020231,60720221,3392021
 NigeriaAfrica1,75520232,18420222,0192021
 CameroonAfrica1,72220231,58920221,6682021
 SenegalAfrica1,71520231,59920221,6372021
 GuineaAfrica1,54320231,53220221,1852021
 East TimorAsia1,49720232,35820221,5172021
 ZambiaAfrica1,48620231,48820221,0952021
 EthiopiaAfrica1,47320231,02820228252021
 PakistanAsia1,47120231,59720221,4802021
 BeninAfrica1,44920231,30320221,3612021
 MyanmarAsia1,38120231,09620221,0892021
 ComorosAfrica1,37720231,48520221,6312021
 NepalAsia1,35320231,33720221,1592021
 TanzaniaAfrica1,32720231,19220221,136[n 11]2021
 ZanzibarAfrica—1,19220221,2112021
 TajikistanAsia1,18020231,05420228972021
 UgandaAfrica1,163202396420229302021
 LesothoAfrica1,11020231,10720221,0402021
 RwandaAfrica1,032202396620228222021
 Guinea-BissauAfrica1,028202377620227592021
 TogoAfrica1,004202391820229442021
 SyriaAsia—53720209252021
 MaliAfrica913202364520228752021
 GambiaAfrica903202384020227722021
 Burkina FasoAfrica888202383320228932021
 LiberiaAfrica800202375520224712021
 SomaliaAfrica717202346220224472021
 ChadAfrica703202371720229552021
 DR CongoAfrica675202358720225512021
 North KoreaAsia——6542021
 MozambiqueAfrica647202354220224922021
 NigerAfrica631202353320225912021
 EritreaAfrica—64420116232021
 YemenAsia618202370220183022021
 MalawiAfrica580202364520226132021
 Central African RepublicAfrica539202342720224612021
 SudanAfrica53420231,10220227862021
 MadagascarAfrica530202350520225002021
 South SudanAfrica41720231,07220154002021
 Sierra LeoneAfrica415202346120225052021
 AfghanistanAsia443202136420223732021
 BurundiAfrica246202323820223112021

Notes:

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

Many of the leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions are tax havens whose economic data is artificially inflated by tax-driven corporate accounting entries.

For instance, the Irish GDP data above is subject to material distortion by the tax planning activities of foreign multinationals in Ireland. To address this, in 2017 the Central Bank of Ireland created "modified GNI" (or GNI*) as a more appropriate statistic, and the OECD and IMF have adopted it for Ireland. 2015 Irish GDP is 143% of 2015 Irish GNI*.

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[9]

Further discussion on this topic can be found in the List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita article.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The European Union is included because it is far more than a free trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur. It has certain attributes associated with independent countries: its own flag, anthem, currency (for some members), parliament and other law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy when dealing with external partners. However, because the EU is an organization and not a sovereign state, it does not receive a ranking in this list.
  2. 1 2 3 Data are for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  3. ↑ The name used by the IMF is the "Taiwan Province of China".
  4. 1 2 Figures for China exclude Taiwan, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  5. ↑ Figures exclude special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  6. 1 2 3 Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  7. 1 2 3 Excludes data for Transnistria.
  8. 1 2 3 Figures exclude the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  9. 1 2 The name used by the IMF and World Bank is the "West Bank and Gaza"
  10. ↑ The name used by the UN is the "State of Palestine".
  11. ↑ The UN figure excludes autonomous region of Zanzibar.

References

  1. ↑ O'Sullivan, Arthur
  2. ↑ French President seeks alternatives to GDP, The Guardian 14-09-2009.
    "European Parliament, Policy Department Economic and Scientific Policy: Beyond GDP Study" (PDF). (1.47 MB)
  3. ↑ Richard Phillips; Matt Gardner; Alexandria Robins; Michelle Surka (2017). "Offshore Shell Games 2017" (PDF). Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.
  4. ↑ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  5. ↑ "IMF DataMapper / Datasets / World Economic Outlook (October 2023) / GDP per capita, current prices / List (2023) - Analytical group: European Union, World". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  6. ↑ "GDP per capita (current US$)". World Development Indicators. The World Bank. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  7. ↑ , (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP - US Dollars", and "2021" to generate the table), United Nations Statistics Division. Access date: 12 February 2023.
  8. ↑ United Nations Statistics Division - National Accounts - Basic Data Selection, unstats.un.org. Manually select the 27 member states, the latest available year (2020) and the parameter "GDP, Per Capita GDP - US Dollars", then press "Send request" to generate the table. Export the table as an Excel file ("Export to .xlsx" button), where you can use the Average formula to determine the GDP per capita at EU level. United Nations. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  9. ↑ "Piercing the Veil, FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT, JUNE 2018, VOL. 55, NO. 2". IMF Finance & Development. June 2018.
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