Paramakudi
Parambai | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
  Paramakudi Location of Paramakudi in Tamil Nadu | |
| Coordinates: 9°32′58″N 78°35′21″E / 9.549400°N 78.589100°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Ramanathapuram |
| Named for | Face of Vaigai River |
| Government | |
| • Type | First Grade Municipality |
| • Body | Paramakudi Municipality |
| Area | |
| • Total | 13.45 km2 (5.19 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 2nd in Ramanathapuram District/ |
| Elevation | 68 m (223 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 95,579 |
| • Rank | 1st in Ramanathapuram District |
| • Density | 16,448/km2 (42,600/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 623701-623707 |
| Telephone code | 04564 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-65 |
| Website | www |
Paramakudi or Paramagudi[2] is the largest town in the district of Ramanathapuram in Tamil Nadu, with a population of over 95,579 (2011 census). It has been the taluk headquarters since 1918, since the formation of Ramanathapuram District.[3]
Paramakudi consists of two separate settlements, Paramakudi and Emaneswaran, from the first half of this century. These settlements were classified as different towns in the census records from 1901 to 1961 and then merged to form the municipal present city in 1964.
The area of the town is 13.45 km2. The strength of the council is 36. The river Vaigai flows through Paramakudi on its way to the Bay of Bengal.[4]
History
Paramakudi was ruled by the Pandyan dynasty and later by Sethupathi of Ramanathapuram. According to the ancient epic Ramayana, Lord Rama started his battle against Ravana at Sethu Canal, 45 minutes away.[5]
The present territories of Ramanathapuram were included in the Pandyan Empire except for a short period under the Chola Dynasty, when Rajendra Chola I took it in 1063 AD.
In 1520 CE, the Nayaks of the Vijayanagara Empire took the area and reigned till the 17th century. At the beginning of the 18th century, family disputes over succession resulted in the division of Ramanathapuram. With the help of the king of Thanjavur in 1730 CE, one chieftain deposed the Sethupathi and became raja of Sivaganga. Seeing the weakness of the Nayak, the local chieftains (Palayakarars) became independent, including the raja of Sivagangai and the Sethupathi of Ramanathapuram. In 1730, Chanda Shahib of Karnataka captured Ramanathapuram. In 1741 it came under the control of the Maratha Empire and then the Nizam in 1744 CE. The chieftains revolted against the Nawab in 1752. By then, the throne of Karnataka had two rival pretenders, Chanda Shahib and Muhammed Ali, and this district was part of Karnataka.
In 1795, the British deposed Muthuramalinga Sethupathi and took over the administration of Ramanathapuram. In 1801, they made Mangaleswari Nachiyar zamindar of Sivaganga. After the Velu Nachiyar died, the Maruthu brothers took charge and made regular payments to the East India Company. In 1803 the Maruthu Pandiyar of Sivaganga revolted against the British in collaboration with Kattabomman of Panchalamkurichi. Colonel Agnew captured and hanged the Maruthu brothers[6] and made Gowri Vallabha Periya Udaya Thevar zamindar of Sivaganga. After the fall of Tippu Sultan, the British took control and imprisoned the Nawab. In 1892 they abolished the zamindari system and appointed a British collector.
In 1910, Paramakudi was formed from portions of Madurai and Tirunelveli districts, with J.F. Bryant as the first collector. During the British period, this district was called "Ramnad," and the name remained after Independence. The community was renamed "Ramanathapuram" to conform with the Tamil name of the region. Paramakudi is also called Parambai, after the Vaigai river, which runs through the town: "face of the Vaigai".
Travel
Air
The nearest airport is at Madurai, about 80 km from Paramakudi.
Railway
Express and passenger trains run between Rameswaram and Coimbatore, Bhubaneshwar, Tirupati, Chennai Egmore, Okha, Kanyakumari and Varnasi via Paramakudi, and all trains stop here. Manamadurai is a nearby junction.
Road
Regular bus services are available to all important cities of Tamil Nadu from this town as it lies in the center of the Madurai-Rameswaram road, which is part of the new Kochi-Dhanushkodi National Highway (NH 49 (AH 43))
Constituency
Assembly constituency: Paramakudi(Reserved for SC) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramakudi_Assembly_constituency
Parliamentary constituency:
Places of interest
- Rameswaram: The main pilgrimage center in Ramanthapuram District. Also a tourist spot 90 km from Paramakudi. A large and beautiful Sivan temple with 21 Puniya theerthams. Adi 18 is an important day for this temple. Many foreigners and North Indians visit to worship this god throughout the year. Special poojas are performed on important days. This temple attracts many pilgrims from all over India.
- Sethukarai: an essential place for pilgrims, situated 60 km from Paramakudi. People say that in the epic Ramayanam, Lord Rama went to Sri Lanka from Sethukarai by a bridge made up of stones. In this place, people worship their ancestors.
- Thiruvadanai: Has an ancient and famous Vishnu temple, 90 km from Paramakudi. People worship this god in festival seasons.
- Thiruppullani: 60 km from Paramakudi, has an ancient Sivan temple which is very popular with nearby villages.
- Devipattinam: Has a Navagiraha temple 60 km from Paramakudi. This temple is in the sea, and people worship throughout the year.
- Uthirakosa: 35 km from Paramakudi, has an ancient Nataraja temple with a Lord Natarajar statue made of "Green Maragatha stone." People worship this god at "Arudhra Dharsan" in December and January of every year.
- Nainarkoil: 15 km from Paramakudi, has an ancient Sivan and Amman temple. People worship at this amman in the Adi festival.
- Ervadi Tharh: 70 km from Paramakudi. Has an ancient mosque. The Santahana Koodu festival is celebrated at the pilgrims' center in January.
Constituency
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, Paramakudi had a population of 95,579 with a sex ratio of 966 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[7] 9,292 were under the age of six, constituting 4,800 males and 4,492 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 14.5% and 0.08% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 81.44%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[7] The town had 23,504 households. There were 35,561 workers, comprising 825 cultivators, 881 main agricultural laborers, 6,682 in household industries, 23,453 other workers, 3,720 marginal workers, 113 marginal cultivators, 209 marginal agricultural laborers, 496 marginal workers in household industries and 2,902 other marginal workers.[1]
According to the religious census of 2011, Paramakudi had 86.55% Hindus, 9.2% Muslims, 4.11% Christians, 0.01% Sikhs and 0.12% following other religions.[8]
References
- 1 2 "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Paramakudi". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ↑ "GeoNames.org". www.geonames.org. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
- ↑ "Paramakudi - Ramanathapuram District | Tamilnadu Tourism Travels". www.tamilnadutourism.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ↑ Three years later, Vaigai water to flow into Ramnad Big tank, Times of India, Dec 12, 2017
- ↑ "Rama Setu and the mysteries surrounding it will leave you intrigued!". Times of India. 30 September 2022.
- ↑ Remembering the Maruthu pandiyar brothers, the leaders of the South Indian Rebellion of 1801:The brothers led a fierce struggle against the East India Company, Vinita Govindarajan, Scroll.in, Oct 10, 2017
- 1 2 "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ↑ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.