Prodi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Giovanni Prodi (1925–2010), an Italian mathematician;
• Giorgio Prodi (1928–1987), an Italian medical scientist, oncologist, and semiotician;
• Paolo Prodi (1932–2016), an Italian historian and politician;
• Romano Prodi (born 1939), an talian politician and statesman;
• Vittorio Prodi (born 1937), an Italian politician.