53°07′51″N 34°54′45″E / 53.13083°N 34.91250°E / 53.13083; 34.91250

Chayka pulse

Chayka (Russian: Чайка, lit. "seagull") also known as Radioteknicheskaya Systema Dalyoloiy Navigatsii abbreviated as RSDN (lit. Russian Hyperbolic Radio Navigation System) is a Russian terrestrial radio navigation system, similar to Loran-C. It operates on similar frequencies around 100 kHz, and uses the same techniques of comparing both the envelope and the signal phase to accurately determine location. The systems differ primarily in details.

Chayka-Chains

At the hill – RSDN-3/10, Crimea

Chayka, like LORAN-C, uses different pulse repetition frequencies (Group Repetition Intervals, or GRIs) to allow the identification of different stations operating on the same frequencies.

There are 5 Chayka chains in use:

  • GRI 8000 — Western (European) Russia Chayka Chain (1969, RSDN-3/10)
  • GRI 7950 — Eastern Russia Chayka Chain (1986, RSDN-4)
  • GRI 5980 — Russian-American Chayka Chain (1995)
  • GRI 5960 — Northern Chayka Chain (1996, RSDN-5)
  • GRI 4970 — North-Western Chayka Chain
  • And also North-Caucasian, South-Ural (GRI 5970), Siberian, Angarsk, Sayansk, Transbaikalian, Far East chains deployed on the basis of low-power mobile stations RSDN-10.

Chayka Transmitters

The following Chayka transmitters work with very high power and may use very tall mast antennas (similar to LORAN-C transmitters). The masts at Dudinka and Taymylyr (demolished in 2009) were 460 metres high.

GRI 8000

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MKarachev (44 km from Bryansk) 53°7′50.6″N 34°54′44.8″E / 53.130722°N 34.912444°E / 53.130722; 34.912444 450
W/1Petrozavodsk 61°45′32.4″N 33°41′40.4″E / 61.759000°N 33.694556°E / 61.759000; 33.694556 13217.2110000700
X/2Slonim (Belarus) 53°7′55.2″N 25°23′46″E / 53.132000°N 25.39611°E / 53.132000; 25.39611 27125.0025000450
Y/3Simferopol 44°53′20.18″N 33°52′23.79″E / 44.8889389°N 33.8732750°E / 44.8889389; 33.8732750 53070.2550000550
Z/4Syzran 53°17′17.6″N 48°6′53.4″E / 53.288222°N 48.114833°E / 53.288222; 48.114833 67941.6065000700

GRI 7950

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MAlexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.81″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785583°N 142.7013750°E / 51.0785583; 142.7013750 700
W/1Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E / 53.1300722; 157.696972 14506.511000700
X/2Ussuriysk 44°31′58.24″N 131°38′28.6″E / 44.5328444°N 131.641278°E / 44.5328444; 131.641278 33678.030000700
Y/3Tokachibuto (Japan) 42°44′37.2″N 143°43′10.5″E / 42.743667°N 143.719583°E / 42.743667; 143.719583 49104.1546000600
Z/4Okhotsk 59°25′1.77″N 143°5′18.68″E / 59.4171583°N 143.0885222°E / 59.4171583; 143.0885222 64102.056100010

GRI 5980

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MPetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E / 53.1300722; 157.696972 700
W/1Attu Island (United States) 52°49′44″N 173°10′49.7″E / 52.82889°N 173.180472°E / 52.82889; 173.180472 14506.511000400
X/2Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.80″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785556°N 142.7013750°E / 51.0785556; 142.7013750 31506.528000700

GRI 5960

(No longer in service)

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MDudinka 69°21′45.20″N 86°41′50.56″E / 69.3625556°N 86.6973778°E / 69.3625556; 86.6973778 1200
W/1Taymylyr 72°34′48.92″N 122°06′40.29″E / 72.5802556°N 122.1111917°E / 72.5802556; 122.1111917 1200
X/2Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E / 76.12611; 60.21528 250
Y/3Inta 65°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.5″E / 65.9665472°N 60.309306°E / 65.9665472; 60.309306 1200

GRI 4970

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MInta 65°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.5″E / 65.9665472°N 60.309306°E / 65.9665472; 60.309306 1200
W/1Tumanny 69°3′8.4″N 35°40′14.3″E / 69.052333°N 35.670639°E / 69.052333; 35.670639
X/2Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E / 76.12611; 60.21528 250

GRI 5970

#Place Coordinates Emission delay, μsCoding delay, μsTransmission power, kW
MYuzhno-Uralsk 54°23.1′N 61°20.6′E / 54.3850°N 61.3433°E / 54.3850; 61.3433
W/1Yekaterinburg 56°44.8′N 60°31.6′E / 56.7467°N 60.5267°E / 56.7467; 60.5267 15895,115000
X/2Kurgan 55°22.2′N 65°22.6′E / 55.3700°N 65.3767°E / 55.3700; 65.3767 30939,530000

See also


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