Raúl Isaías Baduel
Baduel announcing his concerns over the Venezuelan constitutional referendum in 2007
Minister of Defense
In office
25 December 2006 – January 2008
Preceded byJorge Luis García Carneiro
Succeeded byGustavo Rangel Briceño
Personal details
Born(1955-07-06)6 July 1955
Las Mercedes, Guárico, Venezuela
Died12 October 2021(2021-10-12) (aged 66)
Caracas, Venezuela
Political partyUnited Socialist Party of Venezuela
Military service
AllegianceVenezuelan Armed Forces
Years of service1976–2007
RankGeneral in Chief
CommandsDefense Minister

Raúl Isaías Baduel (6 July 1955 – 12 October 2021)[1] was a Venezuelan politician, general, and defense minister under President Hugo Chávez. He was a member of Chavez' MBR-200, joining in December 1982.[2]

Career

Military

Baduel was instrumental in restoring Chávez to power after the 2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt, and was described by the BBC as "one of a small group of officers 'co-governing' Venezuela with Mr Chavez".[3] He was commander-in-chief of the Venezuelan Army from 2004 until July 2007.[2][4]

Politics

In 2007, Baduel left his position as Defense Minister. Chávez later said that he had removed Baduel from office because he had been unable to explain a string of irregularities.[5] After retiring as Defense Minister, he emerged in 2007 as an opposition leader,[6] when he publicly broke with Chavez and announced his opposition to the constitutional changes proposed in the 2007 constitutional referendum (defeated via referendum) that would have strengthened the powers of the presidency and removed the restriction on public officials being re-elected.[2] Baduel "emerged as a prominent voice of dissent",[4] being concerned that Chavez was taking Venezuela down a "road to ruin" and becoming authoritarian.[7] He became the highest-ranking military person opposed to Chavez's constitutional changes that would "concentrate power in the executive".[8] In July 2007, he said, "A socialist regime is not incompatible with a democratic system of checks and balances and division of powers. We must separate ourselves from Marxist orthodoxy."[8]

Imprisonment

Arrest and initial detention

In October 2008, a "military prosecutor said he was responsible for about $14 million that disappeared during his tenure as defense minister"[4] in a transaction involving the purchase of military equipment.[9] According to The New York Times, "Chávez has moved against a wide range of domestic critics, and his efforts in recent weeks to strengthen his grip on the armed forces have led to high-profile arrests and a wave of reassignments".[4] On 2 April 2009, Baduel was arrested at gunpoint;[10] Baduel said that his arrest was politically motivated[11] with Chávez allies admitting he was in private.[10] Baduel was placed in Ramo Verde Prison.[12] According to The Guardian, he said "his crime was to realise – and declare – that the president was a tyrant".[13] The 2009 Human Rights Watch report mentioned Baduel as an example of political persecution.[14][15][16] Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter expressed concern about the case,[13] and Steve Ellner, a Venezuelan historian and analyst, noted that "courts overwhelmingly targeted opposition figures. 'Chávez's case would be much stronger if he went after corruption within his own government.' Arresting Baduel neutralised an opponent who could stir trouble in the army. 'Obviously throwing Baduel in jail had a political motivation.'"[13] In April 2010, Amnesty International accused "the Venezuelan government of deliberately targeting opposition leaders and sympathizers".[9]

In May 2010, Baduel was convicted by a military court of corruption and sentenced to seven years and eleven months in prison; Baduel said he was innocent.[17][18] The military court declared that US$3.9 million was misappropriated, according to interviews with members of various military units; Baduel's daughter said no proof existed and the main evidence was provided by soldiers who claimed to see another officer carrying some black bags.[18][19]

From Ramo Verde Prison, Baduel sent a Twitter message to family members, saying, "God is with us and divine justice is always active".[20] He was released six years later in 2015.[12]

Second detention

On 12 January 2017, Baduel was once again arrested following allegations from the Venezuelan government that he was plotting to overthrow the government. Multiple other opposition politicians were detained in what opposition politicians called trumped up charges.[12] Family members of Baduel have denounced that he was being kept in solitary isolation at an underground facility known as The Tomb (Spanish: La Tumba) from late January 2018. In June 2019, he was moved to a maximum security prison in Fuerte Tiuna.[21]

On 12 October 2021, the Attorney General appointed by the 2017 Constituent National Assembly, Tarek William Saab, reported Baduel's death allegedly due to cardiorespiratory arrest caused by COVID-19.[22][23][24] His family has disputed this version as the cause of death, saying that they visited him on 9 October and that he was well, and decided not to cremate his body so as not to hinder the investigations.[25]

References

  1. ↑ Tarek William Saab. "Lamentamos el fallecimiento de Raúl Isaias Baduel de un paro #Cardiorrespiratorio producto del Covid19: mientras se le aplicaban los cuidados médicos correspondientes y recibido la primera dosis de la vacuna… Transmitimos nuestras #Condolencias a sus familiares y amigos #RIP". Twitter. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Baduel, Raúl Isaías (1 December 2007). "Why I Parted Ways With Chávez". The New York Times.
  3. ↑ "Venezuela: Chavez's key backers". BBC News. 19 March 2004. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Romero, Simon (29 May 2009). "Chávez Seeks Tighter Grip on Military". The New York Times.
  5. ↑ HARDtalk with Hugo Chavez, President of Venezuela, BBC News Channel, 11:30pm Friday 18 June 2010
  6. ↑ Walter, Matthew (15 November 2007). "Chavez Ex-Ally Baduel Rallies Opposition to Constitution Change". Bloomberg.
  7. ↑ Forero, Juan (4 October 2008). "Chávez Ally-Turned-Critic Is Detained by Venezuelan Military". The Washington Post.
  8. 1 2 "Top former general breaks with Chavez over constitutional changes". CNN. 5 November 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  9. 1 2 "Former Chavez Ally Sentenced to Nearly 8 Years in Prison". Latin American Herald Tribune. 8 May 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  10. 1 2 Carroll, Rory (2013). Comandante : myth and reality in Hugo Chávez's Venezuela. Penguin Press: New York. pp. 146–147. ISBN 9781594204579.
  11. ↑ "Chavez foe held over 'corruption'". Al Jazeera. 3 April 2009.
  12. 1 2 3 Oré, Diego; Ulmer, Alexandra (13 January 2017). "Venezuela arrests anti-Maduro politicians in sweep". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  13. 1 2 3 Carroll, Rory (12 October 2009). "Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez accused of turning tyrant". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
  14. ↑ Venezuela: Events of 2009. Human Rights Watch. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  15. ↑ "Human Rights acusa a Chávez de neutralizar al Poder Judicial". El Universal (in Spanish). 21 January 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2010. HWR también cuestionó los procedimientos judiciales iniciados contra el ex gobernador del Zulia y ex alcalde de Maracaibo, Manuel Rosales; y contra el ex ministro de la Defensa, Raúl Baudel, por considerarlos una demostración del uso de los tribunales para perseguir a adversarios del Gobierno.
  16. ↑ Brice, Arthur (8 December 2009). "Venezuelan protesters end hunger strike over prisoners". CNN. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  17. ↑ Grant, Will (8 May 2010). "Venezuelan ex-defence minister Raul Baduel jailed". BBC. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  18. 1 2 Rueda, Jorge (8 May 2010). "More than 7 years in prison for Chavez critic". Associated Press. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  19. ↑ Hernández F., Alejandra M. (8 May 2010). "Condenan a Baduel a siete años y 11 meses de prisión". El Universal (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  20. ↑ Fernández, Yaneth (8 May 2010). "Baduel: Dios está con nosotros y su justicia está activa". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 May 2010. Dios está con nosotros y su justicia divina está siempre activa ... Señor Jesús levanta mi alma hacia ti y engrandece mis días, con una gota de tu sangre salvaguarda mi carne y mi espíritu, con una gota de tu agua cubre mis pensamientos, sentimientos y hasta mi verbo, la espada de la justicia divina sesgue la iniquidad de mi derredor y ampara con tu amor y bondad a los míos.
  21. ↑ "Trasladaron a Baduel a cárcel de máxima seguridad en Fuerte Tiuna". El Nacional (in Spanish). 12 June 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  22. ↑ "Raúl Isaías Baduel: muere en prisión por covid-19 el exministro de Defensa de Venezuela". BBC News. 12 October 2021.
  23. ↑ "Saab anuncia muerte del general Raúl Isaías Baduel por COVID-19, preso en el Sebin desde 2017". Efecto Cocuyo. 12 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  24. ↑ "Falleció exministro de la Defensa Raúl Baduel por covid-19". Banca y negocios. 12 October 2021. El exministro de la Defensa y preso durante 12 años por acusaciones vinculadas con presuntos delitos de corrupción, Raúl Isaías Baduel, falleció por un paro cardiorrespiratorio asociado con covid-19, fue clave en su restitución al frente del gobierno de Hugo Chávez luego de los sucesos de abril de 2002. Luego ocupó la Comandancia General del Ejército entre 2004 y 2006, cuando fue designado titular del despacho de Defensa.
  25. ↑ "Familia del general Baduel no cremará el cuerpo para no entorpecer investigaciones". El Pitazo. 13 October 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
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