Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
Part of Great Turkish War

Capture of Azov by Russian emperor Peter the Great (on horseback)
Date1686–13 July 1700
(14 years)
Location
Crimea, Azov
Result Russian victory [1][2]
Belligerents
Tsardom of Russia
Cossack Hetmanate Cossack Hetmanate		 Ottoman Empire
Crimean Khanate
Commanders and leaders
Peter the Great
Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn		 Elmas Mehmed Pasha
Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha
Selim I Giray

The Russo-Turkish War of 1686–1700 was part of the joint European effort to confront the Ottoman Empire. The larger European conflict was known as the Great Turkish War.

The Russo-Turkish War began after the Tsardom of Russia joined the European anti-Turkish coalition (Habsburg monarchy, Poland–Lithuania, Venice) in 1686, after Poland-Lithuania agreed to recognize Russian incorporation of Kiev and the left bank of Ukraine.[3]

War

During the war, the Russian army organized the Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 both which ended in Russian defeats.[4] Despite these setbacks, Russia launched the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696, and after raising the siege in 1695[5] successfully occupied Azov in 1696.[6]

Peace treaty

In light of preparations for the war against the Swedish Empire, Russian Tsar Peter the Great signed the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire in 1699.[7] The subsequent Treaty of Constantinople in 1700, ceded Azov, the Taganrog fortress, Pavlovsk and Mius to Russia and established a Russian ambassador in Constantinople, and secured the return of all prisoners of war.[8] The Tsar also affirmed that his subordinates, the Cossacks, would not attack the Ottomans, while the Sultan affirmed his subordinates, the Crimean Tatars, would not attack the Russians.

References

  1. ↑ Brian Davies, Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700, (Routledge, 2007), 185.
  2. ↑ The Crimean Tatars and the Austro-Ottoman Wars, Dan D.Y. Shapira, The Peace of Passarowitz, 1718, ed. Charles W. Ingrao, Nikola Samardžić, Jovan Pesalj, (Purdue University Press, 2011), 135.
  3. ↑ Fuller 1992, p. 16.
  4. ↑ Hughes 1990, p. 206.
  5. ↑ Davies 2007, p. 185.
  6. ↑ Shapira 2011, p. 135.
  7. ↑ Bideleux & Jeffries 1998, p. 86.
  8. ↑ Mikaberidze 2011, p. 250.

Sources

  • Bideleux, Robert; Jeffries, Ian (1998). A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change. Routledge.
  • Davies, Brian (2007). Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700. Routledge.
  • Fuller, William C. (1992). Strategy and Power in Russia 1600-1914. MacMillan Inc.
  • Hughes, Lindsey (1990). Sophia, Regent of Russia: 1657 - 1704. Yale University Press.
  • Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). "Treaty of Constantinople (1700)". In Mikaberidze, Alexander (ed.). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO.
  • Shapira, Dan D.Y. (2011). "The Crimean Tatars and the Austro-Ottoman Wars". In Ingrao, Charles W.; Samardžić, Nikola; Pesalj, Jovan (eds.). The Peace of Passarowitz, 1718. Purdue University Press.
  • Torke, Hans-Joachim (2002). "From Muscovy toward St Petersburg, 1598-1689". In Freeze, Gregory (ed.). Russia: A History (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
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