Orroral Valley STADAN control panel, at the National Museum of Australia

The Spacecraft Tracking and Data (Acquisition) Network (STADAN or STDN) was established by NASA in the early 1960s to satisfy the requirement for long-duration, highly available space-to-ground communications. The network was the “follow-on” to the earlier Minitrack, which tracked the flights of Sputnik, Vanguard, Explorer, and other early space efforts (1957–1962). Real-time operational control and scheduling of the network was provided by the Network Operations Control Center (NOCC) at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland.[1]

Consisting of parabolic dish antennas and telephone switching equipment deployed around the world, the STADAN provided space-to-ground communications for approximately 15 minutes of a 90-minute orbit period. This limited contact period sufficed for uncrewed spacecraft, but crewed spacecraft require a much higher data collection time. In May 1971 STADAN was consolidated with the Manned Space Flight Network (MSFN) to form the Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network (STDN).[2]

Stations

Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network is located in Earth
ETC
ETC
ORR
ORR
CRO
CRO
Cooby
Cooby
BUR
BUR
TAN
TAN
EGF
EGF
NFL
NFL
FtM
FtM
QUI
QUI
Lima
Lima
Chile
Chile
ULA
ULA
WNK
WNK
ROS
ROS
GDS
GDS
Barstow
Barstow
Brown
Brown
PAK
PAK
Crete
Crete
Ascension
Ascension
BDA
BDA
STADAN Stations

STADAN stations were located in the following areas around the world:

Later developments

Most of the STADAN stations were phased out in the early 1980s, as the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRS), took over most of the work of tracking satellites in low Earth orbit.[3] Another network, the Deep Space Network (DSN), interacted with crewed craft higher than 10,000 miles from Earth, such as the Apollo missions, in addition to its primary mission of data collection from deep space probes.

See also

Notes

  1. STDN User's Guide, Baseline Document, Rev. 2, Goddard Spaceflight Center: Greenbelt, MD, May 1974, p. 1-1
  2. STDN User's Guide, Baseline Document, Rev. 2, Goddard Spaceflight Center: Greenbelt, MD, May 1974, p. 1-9
  3. "Tracking-station closings scheduled," Science News, Vol. 117, No. 2. (Jan. 12, 1980), p. 27.
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