Salahuddin
صلاح الدين
Yang di-Pertuan Agong XI
Salahuddin in 2001
Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Reign26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001
Installation23 September 1999
PredecessorJa'afar
SuccessorSirajuddin
Sultan of Selangor
Reign3 September 1960 – 21 November 2001
Coronation28 June 1961
PredecessorHisamuddin
SuccessorSharafuddin
Menteri Besar
See List
Born(1926-03-08)8 March 1926
Istana Bandar Temasha, Jugra, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Federated Malay States
Died21 November 2001(2001-11-21) (aged 75)
Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Burial22 November 2001
Royal Mausoleum, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia
Spouse
Raja Nur Saidatul-Ihsan, Paduka Bonda Raja
​
​
(m. 1943; div. 1956)​
    Che' Mahiran
    ​
    (div. 1954)​
      ​
      ​
      (m. 1956; died 1993)​
        Sharifa Salmah
        ​
        ​
        (m. 1961; div. 1962)​
          ​
          ​
          (m. 1990)​
          Issue
          • Tengku Nor Halija
          • Tengku Idris Shah
          • Tengku Puteri Sofiah
          • Tengku Sulaiman Shah
          • Tengku Puteri Zahariah
          • Tengku Fatimah
          • Tengku Abdul Samad
          • Tengku Puteri Arafiah
          • Tengku Puteri Aishah
          • Tengku Ahmad Shah
          • Tengku Puteri Nor Marina
          • Tengku Puteri Nor Zehan
          Names
          Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah ibni Tengku Alam Shah
          Regnal name
          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj
          HouseOpu Daeng Celak
          FatherSultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah
          MotherTengku Ampuan Jemaah Binti Almarhum Raja Ahmad
          ReligionSunni Islam

          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj (Jawi: سلطان صلاح الدين عبدالعزيز شاه الحاج إبن المرحوم سلطان حسام الدين عالم شاه الحاج; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was Sultan of Selangor from 1960, and previously the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the constitutional monarch of Malaysia, from 1999, until his death in 2001.[1]

          Early life

          Born at 3:30 pm. Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah on Monday 8 March 1926 at Istana Bandar Temasha, Jugra, Kuala Langat, he is the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah by his royal consort and wife, Tengku Ampuan Raja Jemaah binti Al-Marhum Raja Ahmad.

          He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang in 1934. In 1936, he furthered his studies at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar until 1941 when World War II began. After World War II, he went to England in 1947 and studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years.[2]

          Upon his return from the United Kingdom, he served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department. He later served as an Inspector of Schools for eight years.[3]

          In 1952, he attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson for six months and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. Thereafter, he was promoted to the rank of major.

          Sultan of Selangor

          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor on 1 August 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor on 13 May 1950.

          On the demise of his father, Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah became the eighth Sultan of Selangor with the title Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah on 3 September 1960 and was installed as the 8th Sultan on 28 June 1961.

          On 26 April 1984, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was appointed as Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Malaysian Navy by the Malaysian Armed Forces in place of the position of Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Malaysian Air Force which he held since 1966.

          Sultan Salahuddin was the Sultan who signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974.[4] The Sultan cried after the signing as he was very fond and proud of the city, but he did it for the greater good of Malaysia. The Kota Darul Ehsan arch was erected along the Federal Highway at the border of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor to commemorate the event in 1981.

          Sultan Salahuddin was a founder of Shah Alam, the new Selangor state capital in 1978. He said that for Selangor to become a modern state, it would need a new state capital as Kuala Lumpur had become a Federal Territory. At that time Klang was the state capital after the cession of Kuala Lumpur when the Sultan founded Shah Alam. Many buildings and roads in Shah Alam are named after him.

          Salahuddin held the rank of Marshal of the Royal Malaysian Air Force, Field Marshal of the Malaysian Army and Admiral of the Fleet of the Royal Malaysian Navy as per constitutional provisions[5] making him as the second royal military officer to become supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

          Yang di-Pertuan Agong

          He was the second oldest ruler to be elected as the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 26 April 1999 and installed on 11 September 1999.

          The cession of Putrajaya, which was formerly Selangor territory, to the Federal Government in 2001 to become a Federal Territory occurred during his reign as Yang di-Pertuan Agong. The Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah in Putrajaya was named after him.

          However, after reigning for two years and 6 months, he died in office on 21 November 2001 at the Gleneagles Intan Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur. He underwent a heart operation to put a pacemaker two months prior to his death, which he did not fully recover from.[6] Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad had visited him four times before.[7]

          He was buried in the Royal Mausoleum near Sultan Sulaiman Mosque in Klang.[8] Mahathir expressed grief over the passing of Salahuddin.[9] The Prime Minister's official residence in Putrajaya was closed to the public for two days.[10]

          Personal life

          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah married at least four wives.

          His first wife and cousin, Paduka Bonda Raja Raja Nur Saidatul Ihsan binti Al Marhum Raja Bendahara Tengku Badar Shah, whom he later divorced, bore:

          1. Tengku Nor Halija
          2. Tengku Idris Shah, later Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah
          3. Tengku Puteri Sofiah (died 8 June 2017)[11]
          4. Tengku Laksamana Tengku Sulaiman Shah
          5. Tengku Puteri Zahariah (Ku Yah)
          6. Tengku Fatimah
          7. Tengku Panglima Besar Tengku Abdul Samad
          8. Tengku Puteri Arafiah
          9. Tengku Puteri Aishah (died 30 July 2012)

          Che Maheram binti Muhammad Rais, his second wife, bore him:

          1. Tengku Panglima Raja Tengku Ahmad Shah

          His royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Rahimah binti Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah of the Langkat royal family in Sumatra died in 1993 before his election as Yang di-Pertuan Agong. She was the mother of:

          1. Tengku Puteri Nor Marina
          2. Tengku Puteri Nor Zehan

          His last wife, commoner Tuanku Siti Aishah binti Abdul Rahman, served as his Raja Permaisuri Agong. Being fifty years younger than him, she was also the youngest ever occupant of that office – only 29 at her succession to the throne.

          Hobbies and interests

          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was a keen sportsman. His interest in golf is well-known within and outside the country. The Sultan also loved sailing, collecting antique cars, rearing animals and planting orchids. He also likes visiting foreign countries to widen his knowledge and experience.

          Legacy

          Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque in Shah Alam.
          Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery in Klang.

          Several projects and institutions were named after the Sultan, including:

          Educational institutions

          • SMK Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Shah Alam, Selangor
          • SMK Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Kajang, Selangor
          • SAMT Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, a secondary school in Sabak, Selangor
          • Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah in Shah Alam, Selangor

          Buildings

          Roads and bridges

          Others

          Honours

          Styles of
          Salahuddin
          Reference styleHis Royal Highness
          Spoken styleYour Royal Highness

          Salahuddin's full style and title was: Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj, Sultan dan Yang di-Pertuan Selangor Darul Ehsan Serta Segala Daerah Takluknya.[12]

          Honours of Selangor

          Honours of Malaysia

          Foreign honours

          References

          • Alagappa, Muthiah, Coercion and Governance: The Declining Political Role of the Military in Asia, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-4227-8
          • Information Malaysia, Berita Publications Sdn. Bhd., 1998
          • Martin, Frederick, Keltie, John Scott, Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson, Epstein, Mortimer, Paxton, John, Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry, The Statesman's Year-book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year ; 1978–1979, St. Martin's Press, 1978
          1. ↑ The Making Of Galeri Diraja Sultan Abdul Aziz, Klang Archived 25 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia CPD Committee 2007, Laurent Lim Aun Giap
          2. ↑ Ruler with 'heart of the people' Archived 2 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine, 21 November 2001, BBC News
          3. ↑ King of Malaysia dies Archived 11 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, 21 November 2001, BBC News
          4. ↑ The Nation Mourns The Passing Of A Great Ruler Archived 30 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine 24 November 2001, MySinchew.com
          5. ↑ Alagappa, Coercion and Governance: The Declining Political Role of the Military in Asia, pg 267
          6. ↑ Malaysian King Aziz Shah dead Archived 13 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Kuala Lumpur, 21 November 2001, The Tribune
          7. ↑ "PM visits King for fourth time". Business Times. 19 October 2001.
          8. ↑ Thousands mourn Malaysia's king Archived 30 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 22 November 2001, BBC News
          9. ↑ "PM moved to tears over passing of a good friend". New Straits Times. 22 November 2001.
          10. ↑ "PM's official residence closed". New Straits Times. 22 November 2001.
          11. ↑ "Adinda Sultan Selangor mangkat". Harian Metro. 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
          12. ↑ "May Allah The Almighty Bless Our Sultan". New Straits Times. 22 December 2001. p. 3. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
          13. ↑ "Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 2001" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 May 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
          14. ↑ "A royal gesture". The Straits Times. 14 July 1975. p. 8.
          15. ↑ "Kelantan Honours Selangor Ruler". The Straits Times. 10 July 1966. p. 11.
          16. ↑ "Two Sultans honoured". The Straits Times. 23 June 1964. p. 5.
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