The Significant New Alternatives Policy (also known as Section 612 of the Clean Air Act or SNAP, promulgated at 40 CFR part 82 Subpart G) is a program of the EPA to determine acceptable chemical substitutes, and establish which are prohibited or regulated by the EPA.[1] It also establishes a program by which new alternatives may be accepted, and promulgates timelines to the industry regarding phase-outs of substitutes.
Scope
Originally, Section 612 was limited by ozone-depleting chemicals. However, after passing regulations to phase-out R134a, an HFC refrigerant with no ozone-depleting potential, this phase-out was defended by a subsidiary of DuPont siding with the EPA as it was challenged by a major manufacturer of R134a, and was struck down in 2017. This decision was upheld in 2018.[2][3] In 2021, a new law was passed as part of the appropriations bill extending the EPA's scope to substances with high GWP as well.[4]
The EPA looks at available chemical substitutes in the following industrial sectors:
- Adhesives, Coatings, and Inks
- Aerosols
- Cleaning Solvents
- Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection
- Foam Blowing Agents
- Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
- Sterilants
- Tobacco Expansion
Evaluations are ongoing as technological understanding improves, and can only prohibit substance where the EPA has determined other available substitutes that pose less overall risk to human health and the environment.[5]
Submittal process
In order to submit new proposed chemicals, along with general contact and marketing information, for a complete submittal, the EPA requires reports on:
- Impurities
- Byproducts
- Degradation Products
- Test Marketing
- Physical Properties including:
- molecular weight
- physical state
- melting point
- boiling point
- specific gravity
- If a blend
- bubble point
- dew point
- If flammable
- lower flammability limit
- upper flammability limit
- flash point
- Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)
- Global Warming Potential (GWP)
- VOC content
- Proposed cost
- Toxicity Limits
- Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)
- Short-Term Exposure Limits (STELs)
- Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
- Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs)
- Workplace Environmental Exposure Limits (WEELs)
- acceptable exposure limits (AELs)
- Toxicological studies
- SDS
- Environmental/Health and Safety Law Review
- Industry/Application-specific Use Profile
Refrigerants
One important, changing aspect of SNAP is its effect on the HVAC industry. Particularly because it decides which refrigerants may be legally used, it coordinates refrigerant phaseouts in the U.S., and which are prohibited against venting in concordance with Section 608. The following is a list of accepted refrigerants, or phase-out periods according to the EPA.
| MVAC Passenger Air Conditioning in Vehicles[7] | MVAC Passenger Air Conditioning in Buses and Trains[8] | Centrifugal Chillers[9] | Positive Displacement Chillers[10] | Industrial Process Refrigeration[11] | Cold Storage Warehouse[12] | Commercial Ice Machines[13] | Household Refrigerators and Freezers[14] | Ice Skating Rinks[15] | Industrial Process Air Conditioning[16] | Residential and Light Commercial Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps[17] | Residential Dehumidifiers[18] | Refrigerated Transport[19] | Stand Alone Equipment[20] | Refrigerated Food Processing and Dispensing Equipment[21] | Remote Condensing Units[22] | Typical Supermarket Systems[23] | Vending machines[24] | Very Low Temperature Refrigeration[25] | Water Coolers[26] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia / Water Absorption | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ammonia Absorption | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| Ammonia Vapor Compression | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||
| Ammonia Vapor Compression with Secondary Loop | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||
| Chlorine | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cryogenic Transport Refrigeration System | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| Desiccant Cooling | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||
| Direct Nitrogen Expansion | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| Evaporative Cooling | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||
| FOR12A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019. | Acceptable | ||||||
| FOR12B | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||||||
| Freeze 12 | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||
| G2018C | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||
| GHG-HP | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| GHG-X5 | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| HC Blend A | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| HC Blend B | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| HCFC-123 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HCFC-124 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HCFC-22 | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| HCFC-22/HCFC-142b | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| HCFO-1233zd(E) | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||
| HFC-134a | Unacceptable as of Model Year (MY) 2021, except where allowed under a narrowed use limit through MY 2025. Unacceptable for all newly manufactured vehicles as of MY 2026. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit for military marine vessels and human-rated spacecraft and related support equipment, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit for military marine vessels and human-rated spacecraft and related support equipment, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable, Applicable to new uses below 125 degrees F ambient | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019. | Acceptable | |
| HFC-134a/HBr (92/8) | Acceptable | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | |||||||||||||
| HFC-152a | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HFC-227ea | Unacceptable, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable with Use Conditions: When manufactured using any process that does not convert perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) directly to HFC-236fa in a single step. | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017 | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017 | ||||||||||||
| HFC-23 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HFC-32 | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| HFC-236fa | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HFC-245fa | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||
| HFE-347mcc3 (heptafluoropropyl methyl ether) | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HFE-449s1 (methoxynonafluorobutane, iso and normal) | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | ||||||||||||||
| HFE-569sf2 (ethoxynonafluorobutane, iso and normal) | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as the primary heat transfer fluid in secondary-loop equipment for not-in-kind replacements. | Acceptable: Only acceptable for use as a secondary heat transfer fluid in not-in-kind systems. | |||||||||||||||
| HFO-1234ze | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| HFO-1336mzz(Z) ((Z)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene) | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||
| HFO-1336mzz(Z)/dichloroethylene blend (R-514A) | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ikon A | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| Ikon B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||
| ISCEON 89 | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| NARM-502 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pressure stepdown | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-1224yd(Z) | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||
| R-125/R-134a/R-600a (28.1/70.0/1.9) | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-125/R-290/R-134a/R-600a (55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5) | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | |||
| R-170 (Ethane) | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-1270 (Propylene) | Unacceptable as of January 3, 2017. | Unacceptable as of January 3, 2017. | Acceptable | Unacceptable, as of January 3, 2017. | Unacceptable, as of January 3, 2017. | |||||||||||||||
| R-290 (Propane) | Acceptable | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions: For use in self-contained room air conditioningee rule for detailed conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | ||||||||||||
| R-401A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| R-401B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| R-402A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-402B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-403B | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| R-404A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit for human-rated spacecraft and related support equipment, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit for human-rated spacecraft and related support equipment, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019. | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||
| R-406A | Unacceptable as of MY 2017 | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| R-407A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||
| R-407B | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | |||||||||||
| R-407C | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019. | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||
| R-407D | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-407F | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||
| R-407H | Acceptable: For use in refrigerated trucks and trailers only | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||
| R-408A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||
| R-409A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||
| R-410A | Acceptable | Unacceptable, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | Acceptable | |
| R-410B | Unacceptable, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||
| R-411A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||
| R-411B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||
| R-414A | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||
| R-414B | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||
| R-416A | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| R-417A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | |||
| R-417C | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| R-420A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| R-421A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | |||
| R-421B | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Acceptable | ||||||||
| R-422A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | ||||||||||
| R-422B | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||
| R-422C | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||
| R-422D | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||
| R-423A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||
| R-424A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||
| R-426A | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||||
| R-427A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||
| R-428A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | ||||||||||
| R-434A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Acceptable | |||
| R-437A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||||
| R-438A | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||
| R-441A | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions: For use in self-contained room air conditioning | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | ||||||||||||||||
| R-442A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||
| R-443A | Unacceptable as of January 3, 2017. | Unacceptable as of January 3, 2017. | Unacceptable, as of January 3, 2017. | Unacceptable, as of January 3, 2017. | ||||||||||||||||
| R-448A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable: Low temperature Use | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-449A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable: Low temperature Use | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-449B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable: Low temperature Use | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| R-450A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| R-452A | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-452B | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable: For use in refrigerated trucks and trailers only. | ||||||||||||||||||
| R-452C | Acceptable: For use in refrigerated trucks and trailers only. | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| R-453A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable: For use in refrigerated trucks and trailers only. | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||
| R-454A | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-454B | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-454C | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-457A | Acceptable with Use Conditions | |||||||||||||||||||
| R-458A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||
| R-507, R-507A | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2018 | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016. Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2017. | Unacceptable in retrofit equipment as of July 20, 2016.Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019. | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||
| R-508A | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| R-508B | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||||||||||||
| R-513A | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable with Use Conditions: Low temperature | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||
| R-515B | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||
| R-600 (Butane) | Acceptable | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable with Use Conditions | ||||||||||||||||
| R-744 (Carbon Dioxide, CO2) | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| RB-276 | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||
| RS-24 (2002 formulation) | Acceptable with Use Conditions | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | ||||
| RS-44 (2003 formulation) | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2023. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||
| Self-chilling cans using CO2 | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||||
| SP34E | Unacceptable as of MY 2017. | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment as of January 1, 2019 | Acceptable | |||||||
| Stirling Cycle | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | |||||||||||
| THR-01 | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| THR-02 | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| THR-03 | Unacceptable, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Unacceptable in new equipment, except as otherwise allowed under a narrowed use limit, as of January 1, 2024. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Unacceptable in new equipment, as of January 1, 2021. | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable with Use Conditions: For use in residential window unit air conditioning. | Acceptable | Unacceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||
| THR-04 | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | Acceptable | ||||||||
| Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene | Acceptable | |||||||||||||||||||
| Water / Lithium Bromide Absorption | Acceptable |
See also
- ASHRAE - Standards 15 and 34 are necessary part of most submittal processes to the program
- Clean Air Act - The act that established section 612
- EPA - The central regulatory agency in charge of operating the SNAP program
- Section 608 - Which helps enforce the chemicals listed as part of the program
- Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations
References
- ↑ "§ 82.170 Purpose and scope". eCFR.
- ↑ "MEXICHEM FLUOR, INC.,PETITIONER v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY" (PDF).
- ↑ "Mexichem Fluor, Inc. v. EPA".
- ↑ "H. R. 133" (PDF). p. 1074.
- ↑ "Overview of SNAP". EPA. 16 June 2015.
- ↑ "THE SIGNIFICANT NEW ALTERNATIVES POLICY (SNAP) PROGRAM INFORMATION NOTICE INSTRUCTION MANUAL" (PDF). EPA. July 2020.
- ↑ "Substitutes in MVAC: Passenger Air Conditioning in Light-Duty, Medium-Duty, Heavy-Duty and Off-Road Vehicles". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in MVAC: Passenger Air Conditioning in Buses and Trains". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Centrifugal Chillers". 5 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Positive Displacement Chillers". 8 September 2017.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Industrial Process Refrigeration". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Cold Storage Warehouse". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Commercial Ice Machines". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Household Refrigerators and Freezers". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Ice Skating Rinks". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Industrial Process Air Conditioning". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Residential and Light Commercial Conditioning and Heat Pumps". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Residential Dehumidifiers". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Refrigerated Transport". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Stand Alone Equipment". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Refrigerated Food Processing and Dispensing Equipment". 26 May 2016.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Remote Condensing Units". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Typical Supermarket Systems". 27 July 2015.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Vending Machines". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Very Low Temperature Refrigeration". 13 November 2014.
- ↑ "Substitutes in Water Coolers". 13 November 2014.
External links
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