| Spatula | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Male northern shoveler | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Anseriformes |
| Family: | Anatidae |
| Tribe: | Anatini |
| Genus: | Spatula Boie, F, 1822 |
| Type species | |
| Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Spatula is a genus or subgenus of ducks in the family Anatidae that includes the shovelers, garganey, and several species of American teals.
Taxonomy
The species now placed in this genus were formerly placed in the genus Anas. A molecular phylogenetic study comparing mitochondrial DNA sequences published in 2009 found that the genus Anas, as then defined, was non-monophyletic.[2] Based on this published phylogeny, the genus Anas was split into four monophyletic genera with 10 species moved into the resurrected genus Spatula.[3]
The genus Spatula had originally been proposed by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1822. The type species is the northern shoveler.[4][5] The name Spatula is the Latin word for "spoon", from which the English word "spatula" also originates.[6]
Extant species
The genus contains 10 species:[3]
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
_RWD3.jpg.webp) | S. querquedula | Garganey | Europe and western Asia |
_RWD1.jpg.webp) | S. hottentota | Blue-billed teal | eastern and southern Africa, from Sudan and Ethiopia west to Niger and Nigeria and south to South Africa and Namibia |
_(20806408792).jpg.webp) | S. puna | Puna teal | the Andes of Peru, western Bolivia, northern Chile and extreme northwestern Argentina |
_RWD1.jpg.webp) | S. versicolor | Silver teal | southern Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, South Georgia, the South Sandwich Islands and the Falkland Islands |
 | S. platalea | Red shoveler | Tierra del Fuego northwards to Chile and most parts of Argentina, as well as the Falkland Islands and small isolated breeding populations in southern Peru |
 | S. cyanoptera | Cinnamon teal | South America, western United States and extreme southwestern Canada; a rare visitor to the East Coast of the United States |
 | S. discors | Blue-winged teal | North America, where it breeds from southern Alaska to Nova Scotia and south to northern Texas |
 | S. smithii | Cape shoveler | South Africa, uncommon further north in Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, southern Angola, Lesotho, Mozambique and Zambia |
 | S. rhynchotis | Australasian shoveler | Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand |
_(3).JPG.webp) | S. clypeata | Northern shoveler | northern areas of Europe and Asia and across most of North America |
Phylogeny
Cladogram based on the analysis of Gonzalez and colleagues published in 2009.[2]
| Spatula |
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References
- ↑ "Part 7- Vertebrates". Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
- 1 2 Gonzalez, J.; Düttmann, H.; Wink, M. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae". Journal of Zoology. 279 (3): 310–318. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00622.x.
- 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Screamers, ducks, geese & swans". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
- ↑ Boie, Friedrich (1822). "Generalübersicht". Isis von Oken (in German). Col 564.
- ↑ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 460.
- ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
