"The Haunted Dolls' House" (1923) is a short story by M. R. James, collected by him in A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories (1925). It was commissioned by Queen Mary, wife of George V, as a miniature book for her famous Dolls' House, which can still be seen in Windsor Castle. It is in many ways a typical James story, thematically linked to other works of his, especially "The Mezzotint". Though usually considered a story for adults, it has also been claimed as children's fiction.[1]

Synopsis

The story opens in the middle of a conversation between the antique dealer, Mr. Chittenden, and his potential customer Mr. Dillet. They discuss a collector's item in Chittenden's stock and haggle over it; a price is agreed, the sale is made, and Dillet leaves. Chittenden's wife comments how she is glad the thing has gone, and gone to that customer. Dillet has his purchase carefully driven home then unpacks it and examines it in detail. It is a doll house in Strawberry Hill Gothic, six feet long, with many dolls: a middle-aged couple, two children, an old man in bed, and various servants. Dillet retires to bed, but is suddenly woken up by the sound of a bell tolling one o'clock and notices the doll's house, now looking more like a real house in a real landscape, comming to life. The lady of the house visits the old man in his bedroom, where she and a nurse make him drink a posset, upon which he has a fit and dies. A man in black arrives in a coach, bearing papers, but is sent away. There is a second visionary scene in which a coffin stands in the house. The father jokingly frightens the children by pretending to be a ghost. After the children have gone to bed, a man-sized froglike creature enters their darkened bedroom; "it was busy about the truckle-beds, but not for long".[2] Dillet sees the house in commotion, and again hears the clock tolling one. In a final scene, two small coffins are borne out of the house. Dillet is frightened by these occurrences, and takes a holiday on the east coast, where he again meets Chittenden, recovering from his own experience of the same vision. They agree that the man in black was a lawyer bringing a draft will, and Chittenden says he thinks the dolls' house originated somewhere not very distant, prompting Dillet to investigate. He finds that the Merewether family of nearby Ilbridge House had lost two children in the mid-18th century, and their father was a promising architect, who had made at least one architectural model. Visiting Ilbridge House he finds that it's in ruins and quite unrecognizable, but notes how the chime of the church clock is startlingly familiar.

Composition

Queen Mary's Dolls' House, conceived in 1920 and built between 1921 and 1924 for display in Windsor Castle, included a library for which miniature books were commissioned from the leading writers of the day, including Max Beerbohm, Hilaire Belloc, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Thomas Hardy and M. R. James, at that time Provost of the nearby Eton College. James began a short story in response to this request, writing to a friend on 10 September 1922, "At intervals I try to get on with the Dolls' House story".[3][4] It was sent four days later to Princess Marie Louise.[5]

Manuscript

The location of James's original manuscript is unknown,[6] but the tiny dolls' house manuscript copy, just 3.8 centimetres (1.5 in) high, bound by Sangorski & Sutcliffe in full vellum with gold tooling and with a bookplate designed by E. H. Shepard, remains in the Royal Collection (inventory number 1171452).[5]

Publication

Most of the contributors to the Queen Mary's Dolls' House library made over their copyright to the Queen, but James did not,[4] and he went on to place the story with the Empire Review, where it appeared in the February 1923 issue. He reprinted it in A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories (1925) and later in The Collected Ghost Stories of M. R. James (1931).[7] The story has been translated into French (twice), German, Dutch, and Hungarian.[8]

Themes and analogues

The idea of a murder being periodically re-enacted by supernatural means was not a new one – it had for example been previously used by Bithia Mary Croker in her 1893 short story "The Dâk Bungalow at Dakor"[9] – but James himself noted in a short afterword to "The Haunted Dolls' House" that his plot is essentially a variation on that of his earlier story "The Mezzotint". In both, as Rosemary Pardoe writes, "the action is observed secondhand by an unconnected witness, and ... the plot concerns supernatural vengeance wreaked on innocent offspring for the sins of the parents".[4] In these stories, and in "A View from a Hill", the temporal viewpoint is uncertain: one cannot tell whether the crimes presented are happening in the past or the future, or whether the protagonist can change them.[10] In spite of these similarities Pardoe judges, as does S. T. Joshi, that "The Haunted Dolls' House" and "The Mezzotint" have sufficient variation for each to stand up in its own right.[11][4] The theme of menace coming from a supernatural artefact was typically Jamesian, reminding one of the whistle in "Oh, Whistle, and I'll Come to You, My Lad", the crown in "A Warning to the Curious", and the gallows wood in "The Stalls of Barchester Cathedral".[12] Julia Briggs has pointed out that beds are especially deadly in this and others of James's stories, and there is also what has been called a "comic Gothicisation of domestic drudgery" apparent in "The Haunted Dolls' House", "Oh, Whistle", "The Diary of Mr Poynter", and "The Malice of Inanimate Objects".[13]

Setting

The haunting in this story takes place in the countryside, as is true of all of James's works apart from "An Episode of Cathedral History" and "The Stalls of Barchester Cathedral".[14] More particularly, the setting of the story moves to the east coast, which, though James does not specify this, can be confidently narrowed down to the East Anglian coast.[4] This too links "The Haunted Dolls' House" with other James stories, since "The Ash-tree", "The Tractate Middoth", "Rats", "A Vignette", and especially "Oh, Whistle" and "A Warning to the Curious" are East Anglian stories.[15]

Adaptations

The artist Steve Manthorp created a full-size version of James's dolls' house.[16] The story has been adapted as a short film by Stephen Gray[17] and as a play by Karen Henson, which has been produced by the Rumpus Theatre Company.[18] It has also been retold online in Toby Litt's "Slice" through the media of blogs, tweets and emails.[19]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Ferrier-Watson, Sean (2017). The Children's Ghost Story in America. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 20. ISBN 9781476664941. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  2. ↑ James 2011, p. 296.
  3. ↑ James 2006, pp. 279–280.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Pardoe 1993.
  5. 1 2 Royal Collection Trust nd.
  6. ↑ James 2011, p. 455.
  7. ↑ James 2006, p. 279.
  8. ↑ "Title: The Haunted Dolls' House". The Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  9. ↑ Hughes, William (2013). Historical Literature of Gothic Literature. London: Scarecrow Press. p. 146. ISBN 9780810872288. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  10. ↑ Delogu, C. Jon (2013). "M. R. James". In Duperray, Max (ed.). La littérature fantastique en Grande-Bretagne au tournant du siècle (in French). Aix-en-Provence: Publications de l'université de Provence. p. 89. ISBN 978-2853994026. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  11. ↑ James 2006, p. 280.
  12. ↑ Wagenknecht, Edward (1991). Seven Masters of Supernatural Fiction. Contributions to the Study of Science Fiction and Fantasy, 46. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 63. ISBN 0313279608. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  13. ↑ Ibitson, David A. (2021). "Golf and masculinity in M. R. James". In Bloom, Clive (ed.). The Palgrave Handbook of Steam Age Gothic. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 820. ISBN 9783030408664. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  14. ↑ Moon, Jim (2018). "M. R. James: The presence of more formidable visitants". In Paciorek, Andy; Malkin, Grey; Hing, Richard; Peach, Katherine (eds.). Folk Horror Revival: Field Studies. Durham: Wyrd Harvest Press. p. 307. ISBN 9780244068301. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  15. ↑ James 2011, p. xii.
  16. ↑ "Episode 51 – M.R. James Conference 2016". A Podcast to the Curious. 31 March 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  17. ↑ "Episode 24 – The Haunted Dolls' House". A Podcast to the Curious. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  18. ↑ "The Haunted Doll's House". Chesterfield Theatre Archive. Chesterfield Theatre Friends. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  19. ↑ Guertin, Carolyn (2012). Digital Prohibition: Piracy and Authorship in New Media Art. London: Continuum. p. 139. ISBN 9781441150585. Retrieved 23 August 2022.

References

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