Toyota Center
Toyota Center in 2011
Toyota Center is located in Houston Downtown
Toyota Center
Toyota Center
Location in Downtown Houston
Toyota Center is located in Texas
Toyota Center
Toyota Center
Location in Texas
Toyota Center is located in the United States
Toyota Center
Toyota Center
Location in the United States
Address1510 Polk Street
LocationHouston, Texas
Coordinates29°45′3″N 95°21′44″W / 29.75083°N 95.36222°W / 29.75083; -95.36222
Public transit Bell
OwnerHarris County Houston Sports Authority
OperatorClutch City Sports and Entertainment
CapacityBasketball: 18,104
Hockey: 17,800
Concerts: 19,300
Construction
Broke groundJuly 31, 2001
OpenedOctober 6, 2003 (October 6, 2003)
Construction costUS$235 million
($374 million in 2022 dollars[1])
ArchitectPopulous (then HOK Sport)[2]
Morris Architects
John Chase Architects
Structural engineerWalter P Moore[3]
Services engineerBovay Engineers, Inc.[4]
General contractorHunt Construction Group[5]
Tenants
Houston Rockets (NBA) (2003–present)
Houston Aeros (AHL) (2003–2013)
Houston Comets (WNBA) (2004–2007)
Website
http://www.houstontoyotacenter.com

Toyota Center is an indoor arena located in Houston. It is named after the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota. The arena is home to the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA), and it was once the home of the Houston Aeros of the American Hockey League (AHL), and the Houston Comets of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).

Rockets owner Leslie Alexander first began to request a new arena in 1995 and attempted to release the Rockets from their lease at The Summit, which ran until 2003. However, he was denied by arena owner Chuck Watson, then-owner of the Aeros, who also wanted control of a new arena. The two sides agreed to equal control over an arena in a deal signed in 1997, but the proposal was rejected by city voters in a 1999 referendum. It was not until the city and the Rockets signed an amended agreement in 2001, excluding the Aeros, that the proposal was accepted.

Construction began in July 2001, and the new arena was officially opened in October 2003. The total costs were $235 million, with the city of Houston paying the majority, and the Rockets paying for enhancements. Toyota paid US$100 million for the naming rights.

History

The interior of the arena during a Rockets game, prior to 2012.
Opening tip in Game 7 of the 2018 NBA Western Conference Finals between the Houston Rockets and the Golden State Warriors.

In May 1995, several Texas sports teams, including the Houston Rockets, proposed legislation that would dedicate state tax revenue to build new arenas.[6] Although the bill was failed in the Texas House of Representatives,[7][8] Rockets owner Leslie Alexander announced he would continue to study the possibility of constructing a new arena in downtown Houston,[9] saying the 20-year-old Summit arena was too outdated to be profitable.[10] Although the Summit's management said they could renovate the building for a small part of the cost of a new arena,[11] the Rockets began talks with the city of Houston on a possible location for an arena,[12] They also negotiated with Houston Aeros and Summit owner, Chuck Watson, to release them from their contract with the Summit, which ran until 2003.[13]

As the negotiations continued into 1996, a panel appointed by Houston mayor Bob Lanier reported that building a new arena was "essential to keep pro sports in Houston".[14] After Watson rejected a contract buyout proposal of $30 million,[15] the Rockets filed a legal challenge against their lease,[16] stating the "need to be able to buy out" of the lease.[17] However, the city of Houston filed a counterclaim to force the Rockets to stay at the Summit, saying that if the Rockets did not honor their contract, then they might "have no incentive to honor any new agreement with the city of Houston to play in a new downtown sports arena".[18] The validity of the lease was eventually upheld,[19] and in April 1997, Lanier announced that the Rockets and Watson would have to agree to share control of the new arena equally, or lose access to it altogether.[20] After both parties agreed to the terms,[21] a bill that authorized increased taxes to pay for a new arena was signed into law in July, by then-Governor George W. Bush.[22]

However, after the NHL decided not to consider Houston as a location for an expansion team because of the indecision over the new arena, Lanier said that he would not have a referendum in November.[23] The Rockets began an appeal in January 1998 against the court order to stay at the Summit,[24] but then dropped it in May, because they felt that a new arena would be ready by the time they finished their lease.[25] In January 1999, recently elected mayor Lee Brown guaranteed a referendum on the issue before the end of the year.[26] After several months negotiating with the Harris County-Houston Sports Authority, the Rockets finalized a deal to pay half of the constructions costs, and a referendum was set for November 2.[27] The deal was approved by Brown and the Houston City Council,[28] but Watson started an opposition group against the referendum,[29] saying the arena was "not in Houston's interest".[30] On November 3, the results of the referendum were announced, and the arena proposal was rejected by 54% of voters.[31] Alexander said "we never thought we would lose" and that they were "devastated by the loss".[31]

After the vote, NBA commissioner David Stern said "if there's not a new building...I think it's certain that the team will be relocated."[32] The Houston Sports Authority had not planned to meet with the Rockets until after the 1999–2000 NBA season ended, but after the Rockets began to talk to other cities about relocation, they resumed talks in February 2000.[33] Although the Rockets continued to negotiate with Louisville, Kentucky,[34] a funding plan for the arena in Houston was released in June.[35] A final agreement was proposed on July 6,[36] and both the Rockets and mayor Brown agreed to the terms.[37][38] After the city council approved the deal,[39] the proposal was placed on the November referendum ballot.[40] Leading up to the vote, the Rockets stressed that there would be "no new taxes of any kind",[41] although opponents said the new arena would raise energy consumption, and also contended that the public would pay for too much of the costs of the arena.[42] Contributions for the campaign for the arena included donations of US$400,000 from Reliant Energy, and a total of $590,000 in loans and contributions from Enron and Ken Lay,[43] who the Rockets said was a "tireless" force in the campaign.[44] On November 8, the arena was approved by 66% of voters.[45]

Construction

the back side of Toyota Center.
Toyota's logo is seen on the roof of the arena.
Toyota Center Tundra Parking Garage

According to the agreement signed, the city of Houston bought the land for the arena and an adjoining parking garage,[46] which was near the George R. Brown Convention Center,[47] and paid for it by selling bonds and borrowing $30 million.[48][49] Morris Architects, designed the 750,000-square-foot (70,000 m2) building, and Hunt Construction was contracted to build the arena.[50] A building formerly owned by Houston Lighting and Power Company was demolished to make way for the arena, and two streets were closed for the duration of the construction.[51] A groundbreaking ceremony was held on July 31, 2001,[52] and construction continued for 26 months.[51]

At the request of Alexander, the arena was built 32 feet (9.8 m) below street level, so fans would not have to walk up stairs to reach their seats.[50] To sink the arena, $12 million was spent to excavate 31,500 cubic yards (24,100 m3) of dirt over four months,[51] which was the largest excavation in Houston history.[53] Concrete was poured for the foundation throughout the summer of 2002, and structural work began in October. The roof was set on in December, as work continued inside, with a peak workforce of 650. In September 2003, a ribbon-cutting ceremony was held to mark the official opening of the arena.[51] The total cost of construction was $235 million, with the city paying $182 million, and the Rockets adding $43 million for additions and enhancements.[54]

Arena interior

The arena can seat 18,104 for a basketball game, 17,800 for ice hockey games, and 19,300 for concerts.[48] The prices for courtside seats to a Rockets game in the new arena were raised by as much as 50% compared to prices in the team's old home, while upper-deck seat prices were lowered.[55]

It has 103 luxury suites and 2,900 club seats (Sections 105–109, Frost Bank West Club; Sections 118–122, Frost Bank East Club). The Rockets East & West Clubs feature upscale concessions, extra wide seats, full private bar featuring premium wine and beverage selections and concierge service.[56] The adjacent 2,500-space Toyota Tundra garage is connected to the arena by a private skybridge that can be accessed by Suite, Court-side and Club Seat holders.[57]

Additionally, the floor level features three separate private club lounges for access from court-side seat holders and floor seat concert goers. Lexus Lounge and Golden Nugget Club are on the west side of the floor level and the Bogarts Platinum Lounge is located on the east side of the floor level.[58] All feature upscale amenities including multiple flat screen televisions, private bar, restrooms, and plush seating. The Lexus Lounge has its own pool tables and all three court-side lounges feature numerous private court-side suites.[59]

Toyota Center also features the Sterling Vineyards Red & White Wine Bistro, located on the lower suites level on the south side of the arena.[60] The restaurant features a huge dining room, private bar, two twin 1,500 bottle wine towers and views of the arena floor.

Levy Restaurants manages concession services at the arena, and offers fast food on the main concourses, while also catering a VIP restaurant for Suite and Club Seat holders.[61] Alexander personally chose colors for the restaurant to help customers feel "warm and comfortable", and Rockets president George Postolos said that the Rockets looked "for a relationship with the people that attend events in our venue".[53] Originally, a 40 feet (12 m) by 32 feet (9.8 m) centerhung video system from Daktronics, which has four main replay screens and eight other full-color displays, hung from the ceiling of the arena, and had the highest-resolution display of any North American sports facility. In 2012, the Toyota Center installed a larger, 4 panel scoreboard, similar to the one installed at AT&T Stadium, measuring 58 feet (18 m) by 25 feet (7.6 m) on the sidelines, and 25 feet (7.6 m) by 25 feet (7.6 m) on the ends, making it the largest such video board in an indoor arena. This larger scoreboard was installed by Panasonic and made its debut during the Houston Rockets 2012–13 season opener. The arena has two additional displays located at each end of the court, and a "state-of-the-art" audio system.[53][62][63]

Another amenity new to the Toyota Center in the 2012–2013 season is Wi-Fi. Designed by SignalShare and implemented by OfficeConnect.net, the Wi-Fi network is deployed throughout the arena and allows high-speed internet access during events. Its implementation was timed to be ready for the NBA All-Star Game.[64][65]

Sponsorship

In July 2003, the arena was named the Toyota Center. The logo of the company was placed on the roof of the building, as well in other prominent places inside the arena, and the company was given "a dominant presence" in commercials shown during broadcasts of games played in the arena.[66] Toyota USA has satellite offices in Houston.

Seating capacity

The seating capacity for basketball games has been as follows:[67]

Years Capacity
2003–2007 17,982
2007–2012 18,430
2012–2014 18,230
2014–2015 18,104
2015–present 18,055

Events

The arena's first event was a Fleetwood Mac concert on October 6, 2003, and the first Rockets game at the Toyota Center was against the Denver Nuggets on October 30.[68]

Concerts

Many concerts have also taken place in the Toyota Center, like Prince, Tool, Duran Duran on their Astronaut tour, Janet Jackson, Madonna, Tina Turner, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Gloria Estefan, Shakira, Selena Gomez, Demi Lovato, Rihanna, Miley Cyrus, Bruno Mars, Christina Aguilera, P!nk, Andrea Bocelli, Muse, High School Musical The Concert, Aerosmith, Guns N' Roses, Coldplay, RBD, Laura Pausini, Alanis Morissette, Matchbox Twenty, Fiona Apple, Nickelback, Depeche Mode, Bon Jovi, Enrique Iglesias, Katy Perry, Drake, Travis Scott, Cher, Britney Spears, Kanye West and Jay-Z, Justin Bieber, Taylor Swift, The Rolling Stones, One Direction, Ariana Grande, Carrie Underwood, Rammstein, Adele, Lana Del Rey, Blackpink, G-Dragon, Panic! At The Disco, Harry Styles, Garth Brooks with Trisha Yearwood, and many more.

On July 23, 2016, Hillsong UNITED performed in the arena, the performance was recorded and released as Empires.

Other sports

In 2007, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2021, and 2022 it played host to a UFC event.[69]

Event Date Attendance
UFC 69:
Shootout		 Saturday, April 7, 2007 15,269
UFC 136:
Edgar vs. Maynard III		 Saturday, October 8, 2011 16,164
UFC 166:
Velasquez vs. dos Santos III		 Saturday, October 19, 2013 17,238
UFC 192:
Cormier vs. Gustafsson		 Saturday, October 3, 2015 14,622
UFC Fight Night:
Bermudez vs. The Korean Zombie		 Saturday, February 4, 2017 8,119
UFC 247:
Jones vs. Reyes		 Saturday, February 8, 2020 17,401
UFC 262:
Oliveira vs. Chandler		 Saturday, May 15, 2021 16,005
UFC 265:
Lewis vs. Gane		 Saturday, August 7, 2021 16,604
UFC 271:
Adesanya vs. Whittaker 2		 Saturday, February 12, 2022 17,872

On August 21, 2010, it played host to Strikeforce: Houston.[70]

On February 19, 2016, it played host to Bellator MMA event Bellator 149: Shamrock vs. Gracie III. The event featured a double main event featuring heavyweights Kimbo Slice vs. Dada 5000, and light heavyweights Ken Shamrock vs. Royce Gracie. Bellator 149 had a live attendance record of 14,209 and a near $1.4 million gate at the Toyota Center, thus making Bellator 149 the largest attended show in Bellator MMA history.

The arena has hosted a number of WWE events including No Mercy 2005, Vengeance: Night of Champions, the 2009 WWE Hall of Fame ceremony, two editions of TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2010 and 2013), Night of Champions 2015, NXT TakeOver: WarGames 2017, Survivor Series 2017, Elimination Chamber 2019, as well as various episodes of Raw and SmackDown. WWE also held their first live show in front of fans, for the first time since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the July 16, 2021 episode of SmackDown at the Toyota Center.[71]

Other events

The arena hosted the 9th Annual Latin Grammy Awards on November 13, 2008.

Passion Conferences has been held in the Toyota Center since 2014. The conference draws around 20,000 people with multiple other gatherings held in Atlanta.

On September 30, 2016, the arena hosted the Kellogg's Tour of Gymnastics Champions.[72]

Gabriel Iglesias' Netflix special "One Show Fits All" was filmed in the Toyota Center in 2019.

Attendance records

In its first year, the total attendance for events at the arena exceeded 1.5 million. The current attendance for a concert held at the arena was set on November 20, 2008, when Metallica played to a sold-out crowd of 17,962 during the Death Magnetic tour. The record for a basketball game is 18,583, set on March 26, 2010, when the Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Rockets 109–101.[73]

Awards and recognitions

The arena was the winner of the Allen Award for Civic Enhancement by Central Houston, the "Rookie of the Year" award by the Harlem Globetrotters, and a finalist for Pollstar Magazine's "Best New Concert Venue" award.[57]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved May 28, 2023.
  2. ↑ Toyota Center architect: Populous
  3. ↑ Emporis.com – Toyota Center
  4. ↑ "Houston Toyota Center". Bovay Engineers, Inc. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Rockets Launch a New Era At Toyota Center". Archived from the original on April 12, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2011.
  6. ↑ Williams, John (May 2, 1995). "Backers Take another Run at Stadium". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  7. ↑ Williams, John (May 3, 1995). "Senate Passes Sports Subsidy". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  8. ↑ Williams, John (August 4, 1995). "Lanier Turns Down Oilers' Latest Stadium Demand". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 21, 2009.
  9. ↑ "Summary". Houston Chronicle. May 30, 1995. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  10. ↑ Williams, John (April 17, 1996). "Summit Sweetens the Pot". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  11. ↑ Sefko, Eddie (September 17, 1995). "Summit to be Scene of Peace Talks". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  12. ↑ Williams, John (December 22, 1995). "Rockets, Lanier Hold Arena Talks". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  13. ↑ Williams, John (July 31, 1996). "Talks on Arena for Basketball Dribble to Stop". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  14. ↑ Williams, John (May 18, 1996). "New Stadium Put up to Bat". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  15. ↑ Fowler, Ed (November 15, 1996). "'Buyout' Isn't What It's Cracked Up to Be". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  16. ↑ Flynn, George; Mason, Julie (December 17, 1996). "Rockets Challenge Their Lease". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  17. ↑ Williams, John; Robertson, Dale (November 12, 1996). "'Let Our Rockets Go'". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  18. ↑ Williams, John; Mason, Julie (February 6, 1997). "City Sues Over Lease at Summit". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  19. ↑ Flynn, George; Mason, Julie (February 28, 1997). "Rockets Agree to Stay but Lose Lawsuit Over Summit Lease". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  20. ↑ Williams, John (April 4, 1997). "Lanier Has Arena Plans for Rockets, Aeros". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  21. ↑ Williams, John; Milling, T. J.; Hohlfeld, Neil (April 18, 1997). "Rockets Owner Agrees to Deal with City, Aeros". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  22. ↑ Milling, T. J. (July 3, 1997). "Bush Signs Stadium Bill, Clearing Last Austin Hurdle". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  23. ↑ Williams, John (July 18, 1997). "NHL Snub Halts Vote on Arena". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  24. ↑ Williams, John (January 8, 1998). "Rockets Appeal Court Ruling on Lease". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  25. ↑ Williams, John (May 22, 1998). "Rockets Owner to Drop Lawsuit Against Arena". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  26. ↑ Williams, John; Schwartz, Matt (January 20, 1999). "Mayor Plans Arena Vote for This Year". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  27. ↑ Williams, John (September 1, 1999). "Arena Deal Sets November Referendum". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  28. ↑ Schwartz, Matt (September 30, 1999). "Council Gives Symbolic Nod to Arena Deal". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  29. ↑ Williams, John (October 15, 1999). "Aeros Owner Vows Funds to Defeat Downtown Arena". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  30. ↑ Herskowitz, Mickey (October 31, 1999). "Watson Presents Case for Voting Down Referendum". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  31. 1 2 Williams, John; Freemantle, Tony; Rodrigues, Janette (November 3, 1999). "Port Bonds Win; Arena Dunked". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  32. ↑ Blinebury, Fran (February 13, 2000). "Stern Ultimatum Hits Close to Home". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  33. ↑ Berger, Eric (February 16, 2000). "Rockets Meeting a 'Good Start'". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  34. ↑ Berger, Eric (May 13, 2000). "Louisville Woos Rockets". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  35. ↑ Berger, Eric (June 1, 2000). "Plan to Pay for Arena Revealed". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  36. ↑ Berger, Eric (July 6, 2000). "City Officials Say New Deal for Arena Affordable". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  37. ↑ Berger, Eric (July 13, 2000). "Rockets OK Arena Terms". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  38. ↑ Berger, Eric; Dean, Richard (July 26, 2000). "Negotiators Pack Up, Declare Victory on Sports Arena Deal". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  39. ↑ Berger, Eric (September 14, 2000). "City Agrees to Rockets Arena Deal". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  40. ↑ Berger, Eric (September 2, 2000). "Round 2: Arena Placed on Ballot". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  41. ↑ Berger, Eric (October 6, 2000). "Focus of Pro-Arena Ads: No New Taxes". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  42. ↑ Tedford, Deborah (October 22, 2000). "Coalition Opposes Arena Plans". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  43. ↑ Rodriguez, Lori (January 7, 2001). "Persistence Pays Off". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  44. ↑ Graves, Rachel (January 25, 2002). "Enron Chief's Departure Creates Huge Civic Void". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  45. ↑ Berger, Eric (November 9, 2000). "Margin of Victory for Arena Vote Called 'Bizarre'". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2009.
  46. ↑ Brewer, Steve (March 5, 2001). "Rockets Told to Be Judicious About Arena Changes". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  47. ↑ Graves, Rachel (January 26, 2001). "Sports Authority Starts to Condemn Arena Lots". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  48. 1 2 Brewer, Steve (October 25, 2001). "Sports Authority Sets Up Interim Financing for Arena". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  49. ↑ Brewer, Steve (February 6, 2002). "Loan Plan for Garage Canceled". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  50. 1 2 Warren, Audrey (July 24, 2001). "Don't Like Stairs? Come on Down! New Arena to Be Below Street Level". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  51. 1 2 3 4 Manfull, Megan (October 5, 2003). "Newest Addition to East Side Has City Officials Feeling Rejuvenated". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  52. ↑ "New Arena Takes Off". Houston Chronicle. August 1, 2001. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  53. 1 2 3 Lopez, John P. (September 2, 2003). "From the Ground Up, Alexander Keeps Fans' Needs in Mind". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  54. ↑ Lopez, John P. (September 2, 2003). "Rockets' Big Move a Winner". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  55. ↑ Manfull, Megan (June 11, 2003). "Seeing Rockets Will Cost More, Less in New Arena". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  56. ↑ "Toyota Center Club Seating".
  57. 1 2 "Houston Toyota Center: About Us".
  58. ↑ "Houston Toyota Center: A to Z Guide".
  59. ↑ "Houston Toyota Center: Concert Club".
  60. ↑ "Houston Toyota Center: Red & White Wine Bistro".
  61. ↑ "Levy to Manage Food at New Downtown Arena". Houston Chronicle. April 27, 2003. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  62. ↑ "Toyota Center Multi-Sided Centerhung Display". PTC, Inc. Archived from the original on June 21, 2009. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
  63. ↑ "Toyota Center New Scoreboard". Retrieved February 6, 2013.
  64. ↑ "Toyota Center to install huge high-definition video screens". September 3, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
  65. ↑ "2013 NBA All Star Game Wi-Fi Powered by SignalShare". Archived from the original on June 1, 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
  66. ↑ Feigen, Jonathan (July 25, 2003). "Arena's Sticker Price for Toyota: $100 Million". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  67. ↑ 2018–2019 Houston Rockets Media Guide
  68. ↑ Pugh, Clifford (August 11, 2003). "Toyota Center to Rev Up With Diverse Acts, Sports". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
  69. ↑ Critchfield, Tristen (March 15, 2015). "UFC 192 headed to Houston". sherdog.com. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
  70. ↑ ""Strikeforce: Houston" draws attendance of 8,635; CEO credits K.J. Noons". mmajunkie.com. August 22, 2010. Archived from the original on August 24, 2010.
  71. ↑ Otterson, Joe (May 21, 2021). "WWE to Return to Live Touring in July". Variety. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
  72. ↑ "2016 Kellogg's Tour of Gymnastics Champions takes center stage beginning Sept. 15". usagym.org. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  73. ↑ Feigen, Jonathan (March 27, 2010). "Lakers Cruise to Win, Hand Rockets Fourth Straight Loss". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
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