Founding and early history

Huy Fong Foods was founded by David Tran (born 1945), an ethnic Chinese businessman and a former Major in the South Vietnamese Army.^[7] Tran, in a cargo boat, arrived in Boston in the spring of 1979 as a part of the migration of the Vietnamese boat people following the Vietnam War.^[8] Shortly after arriving in Boston, Tran called up his brother-in-law in Los Angeles, and decided to move there after learning that there were red peppers.^[9]

After arriving in Los Angeles, Tran established his own hot sauce company which he named after the Huey Fong freighter which brought him to the United States.^[10] The rooster symbol that is a part of the Sriracha branding came from the fact that Tran was born in the Year of the Rooster on the Vietnamese zodiac.^[7][11][8] He incorporated Huy Fong Foods, Inc. in February 1980, within a month of arriving in Los Angeles.^[12] He had previously made hot sauce with his family while working as a cook in the South Vietnamese army.^[13][12] He began selling hot sauces to local Asian restaurants out of a van, making $2,300 in his first month in business.^[10]

Tran considers Huy Fong Foods to be a family business. His son William Tran is the company president and daughter Yassie Tran-Holliday is vice president.^[14]

Production

Huy Fong Foods Headquarters, Irwindale, California

In 1987, Huy Fong Foods relocated to a 68,000-square-foot (6,300 m²) building in Rosemead, California, that once housed toymaker Wham-O.^[5] In 2010, the company opened a factory in Irwindale, California, on 23 acres, a facility having 26,000 square feet (2,400 m²) of office space, 150,000 square feet (14,000 m²) of production space, and 480,000 square feet (45,000 m²) of warehouse space,^[15] which is now the site of manufacture of all three of the brand’s sauces. These sauces are produced on machinery that has been specially modified by David Tran, who taught himself machining and welding skills. Since 2014, the Irwindale factory has been open to visitors, and has become a tourist attraction.^[5][16]

The chili odor that emanated from the Irwindale factory upset the community's residents and the city of Irwindale filed a lawsuit^[17] against Huy Fong Foods in October 2013, claiming that the odor was a public nuisance and seeking an ex parte order to shut down the factory.^[18][19] Los Angeles Superior Court judge Robert H. O’Brien initially refused the emergency request, but less than a month later, he ordered the factory to partially shut down.^[20][21] Irwindale dropped the lawsuit on May 29, 2014, following a meeting brokered by then-governor Jerry Brown between the city and the company.^[22][23]

In Huy Fong Foods’ production at these facilities, the company begins with purchase of chilis grown in Ventura, Los Angeles, and Kern counties and production of a mash from these; most of each year's chili mash is produced in just two months, during the autumn harvest. Earlier, the company used serrano chilis but found them difficult to harvest. The product made from the natural mash is processed such that the final product contains no artificial ingredients.

The company has never advertised its products, relying instead on word of mouth.^[24] Production and sales of the sauces are sizeable; in 2001, the company was estimated to have sold 6,000 tons of chili products, with sales of approximately US$12 million. In 2010, the company produced 20 million bottles of sauce in a year.^[15] As of 2012 it had grown to sales of more than US$60 million a year.^[7] In 2019, the company had a 10% market share of the $1.55 billion hot sauce market in the United States.^[9] The company generated over $150 million in revenue as of 2022.^[13]

The company has warned customers about counterfeit versions of its sauces.^[25]

Pepper supply

In 1988, Huy Fong Foods entered a partnership with Underwood Ranches, a farm in Ventura County, after Underwood Ranches’ owner Craig Underwood wrote to Tran with an offer to grow jalapeños for Huy Fong Foods.^[26] The partnership would last for 28 years. Huy Fong foods initially required more peppers than Underwood ranches could produce, so it contracted with other farmers as needed. As Huy Fong Foods’ success grew, so too did Underwood Ranches’ pepper production. By 2006, Underwood Ranches was growing 95% of peppers used by Huy Fong Foods.^[27] Huy Fong Foods’ relationship with Underwood Ranches ended in 2016 after Tran attempted to lure Underwood Ranches’ Chief Operations Officer to work for Chilico, a company formed by Tran that would obtain and manage the peppers used by Huy Fong Foods, and tried to drastically cut pepper payments which left Underwood Ranches with no other option but to end the partnership. Huy Fong Foods filed a lawsuit against Underwood Ranches seeking a $1.4 million refund of payments Huy Fong Foods had made in 2016. Underwood Ranches filed a cross-complaint against Huy Fong Foods alleging breach of contract, promissory estoppel and fraud. The jury unanimously ruled in favor of Underwood on the grounds of breach of contract and fraud. Huy Fong Foods was ordered to pay Underwood Ranches $23.3 million in compensation for damages.^[26][27][28]

In June 2022, Huy Fong Foods temporarily halted the production of the chili sauce. This decision was prompted by a severe shortage of chili peppers caused by a drought in Mexico that affected the quality of the peppers.^[29][30] While production soon resumed in the fall, the company soon declared another “unprecedented inventory shortage” in April 2023, offering no estimate as to when this shortage might be resolved.^[31] An August 2023 CNBC special program claims that the shortage was caused by Huy Fong switching pepper suppliers, as Underwood still has production capacity (land, irrigation, processing) for the needed peppers.^[32]