TurboTax
Developer(s)Intuit, Inc.
Initial release1984 (1984)
Operating systemWindows, Macintosh, Android, iOS
TypeTax software
LicenseProprietary
Websiteturbotax.intuit.com Edit this on Wikidata
Intuit Consumer Tax Group headquarters in San Diego (where TurboTax is developed)

TurboTax is a software package for preparation of American income tax returns, produced by Intuit. TurboTax is a market leader in its product segment, competing with H&R Block Tax Software and TaxAct.[1] TurboTax was developed by Michael A. Chipman of Chipsoft in 1984 and was sold to Intuit in 1993.[2][3]

The company has been subject of controversy over its political influence and deceptive business practices. Intuit, the maker of TurboTax, has engaged in a multi-million dollar lobbying campaign against the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) creating its own online system of tax filing like those that exist in most other wealthy countries.[4][5][6][7] Intuit is under investigation by multiple state attorneys general, as well as New York State Department of Financial Services.[8][9]

As part of an agreement with the IRS Free File program, TurboTax allowed individuals making less than $39,000 a year to use a free version of TurboTax; a 2019 ProPublica investigation revealed that TurboTax deliberately made this version hard to find, even through search engines, and that it deceptively steered individuals who search for the free version to TurboTax versions that cost money to use.[10] TurboTax has tricked military service members to pay to use the filing software by creating and promoting a "military discount" and by making the free version hard to find when many service members are in fact eligible to use the software for free.[11]

Overview

Packaging for TurboTax Basic 2003

Intuit Consumer Tax Group is based in San Diego, California.[12] Intuit Corporation, which owns Intuit, is headquartered in Mountain View, California.[13]

There are a number of different versions, including TurboTax Deluxe, TurboTax Premier, etc. TurboTax is available for both federal and state income tax returns. The software is designed to guide users through their tax returns step-by-step. The TurboTax software provides taxpayers additional support for their self-prepared returns by offering Audit Defense from TaxResources, Inc.[14]

Typically, TurboTax federal software is released late in the year and the state software is released mid-January to mid-February.[15] TurboTax normally releases its new versions as soon as the IRS completes revisions to the forms and approves the TurboTax versions, usually late in the tax year. The process is similar for states that collect income taxes.

In 2001, TurboTax saved financial institution passwords entered by users to servers at Intuit and the home computer.[16] The programming error was reportedly fixed, but as of 2012 TurboTax offers no option to download a data file directly from the financial institution. Instead, it prompts the user for their login name and password at the financial institution or permits the data to be entered by hand.[17]

In 2003, Intuit faced vocal criticism for its TurboTax activation scheme.[18] The company responded by removing the product activation scheme from its product. In 2005 TurboTax extended its offering by allowing any taxpayer to use a basic version of its federal product for free as part of the Free File Alliance. By 2006 that offer has been limited to free federal online tax preparation and e-file for taxpayers whose adjusted gross income is $28,500 or less (or $52,000 for those in the military) and those 50 or under. TurboTax has received a number of complaints regarding its advertising of the free version. For filers who use this basic version of the software, federal filing is free. However, state tax filing is not free, and the cost of using TurboTax to file state returns is not presented to the user until they've already completed entering their information for federal returns.

In 2008, Intuit raised the price of TurboTax for desktop customers by $15 and included a free e-filing for the first return prepared.[19] The company's new "Pay Per Return" policy was criticized for adding a $9.95 fee to print or e-file each additional return after the first, including returns prepared for members of the same household. On December 12, 2008, the company announced that it had rescinded the new policy.[20]

On January 21, 2009, TurboTax received considerable public attention at the Senate confirmation hearing of Timothy F. Geithner to be the United States Secretary of Treasury. Geithner had testified that he used TurboTax to prepare his tax returns for the years 2001 to 2004 but had incorrectly handled the self-employment taxes due as a result of his being employed by the International Monetary Fund. Geithner made it clear that he took responsibility for the error, which was discovered in a subsequent IRS audit, and did not blame TurboTax. Geithner paid $42,702 in back taxes. Intuit responded by releasing a statement saying "TurboTax, and all software and in-person tax preparation services, base their calculations on the information users provide when completing their returns."[21]

On July 15, 2021, Intuit announced its withdrawal from the Free File Alliance, effective after the tax season concluding in October 2021, stating that "due to the limitations of the Free File program and conflicting demands from those outside the program, we are not able to continue in the program."[22]

International versions

Intuit also addresses Canadian tax returns with an entirely separate product also named TurboTax, but previously called QuickTax. The French version has retained its original name ImpôtRapide until 2017, when it was renamed TurboImpôt.

Controversies

Blocking search engines from indexing its "free file program" page

Citizens of the US that make up to $72,000 per year are eligible for free preparation and filing of tax forms through the IRS Free File program.[23] However, TurboTax's "free file program" page (https://turbotax.intuit.com/taxfreedom/) contains specific HTML tags (noindex, nofollow) which block search engines from indexing it.[24] TurboTax has been deceiving customers which were eligible for the free submission into signing up for their commercial product.[25] Starting December 30, 2019, under a new agreement from the IRS, TurboTax can no longer hide their free version services from search results.[26]

Writing to the boot track

The 2003 version of the TurboTax software contained digital rights management that tracked whether it had previously been installed on a computer by writing to sector 33 on the hard drive. This allowed it to track if it was on a computer previously, even through reinstalling the operating system. This also caused it to conflict with some boot loaders that store data there, rendering those computers unbootable.[27]

Opposition to return-free filing

Intuit, the owner of TurboTax, spent more than $11 million on federal lobbying between 2008 and 2012. Intuit "opposes IRS government tax preparation", particularly allowing taxpayers to file pre-filled returns for free, in a system similar to the established ReadyReturn service in California. The company also lobbied on bills in 2007 and 2011 that would have barred the Treasury Department, which includes the IRS, from initiating return-free filing. An Intuit spokeswoman said in early 2013 that "Like many other companies, Intuit actively participates in the political process." She said that return-free filing had "implications for accuracy and fairness in taxation."[28][29] This led journalist Dylan Matthews to propose a boycott of the company in 2017.[30][31]

In its 2012 Form 10-K, Intuit said that "We anticipate that governmental encroachment at both the federal and state levels may present a continued competitive threat to our business for the foreseeable future."[28]

Repositioning of versions

In January 2015 it became known that the Deluxe version no longer supports IRS Schedules C, D, E, and F in interview mode. Although the Deluxe version still allows entry into those schedules by means of "form mode", doing so may result in the loss of the ability to file electronically. In addition, the Premium version no longer supports Schedule C or F in interview mode. Intuit was widely criticized for these changes and responded with short-term mitigation, although it has not reversed the decision.[32] On February 5, 2015, Intuit sent a second email apology to current and former customers regarding the decision to remove specific schedules from the Deluxe and Premium versions. Intuit also apologized for their poorly received initial apology sent on January 27. In the February 5 message Intuit announced that they would reverse course in their 2015 Deluxe and Premium versions, including the schedules that were historically included in the software.[33]

Fraudulent return claims

In an article by Brian Krebs on February 15, 2015, it was reported that Intuit Inc. temporarily suspended the transmission of state e-filed tax returns due to a surge in complaints from consumers about refunds already claimed in their name.[34]

In a later article on February 22, 2015, Krebs reported that it was alleged by two former employees that Intuit knowingly allowed fraudulent returns to be processed on a massive scale as part of a revenue boosting scheme. Both employees, former security team members for the company, stated that the company had ignored repeated warnings and suggestions on how to prevent fraud. One of the employees was reported to have filed a whistleblower complaint with the US Securities and Exchange Commission.[35]

Diverting stimulus funds away from customers

In 2021, some individuals who used Turbotax for their tax filings were unable to access stimulus checks sent by the government because Turbotax diverted the checks to old and unused bank accounts for the customers.[36]

Deceptive advertising of its "free" tax filing products

On March 29, 2022, the Federal Trade Commission announced that they would take legal action against Intuit, the parent company of TurboTax in response to deceptive advertising of its free tax filing products. The commission reported that the majority of tax filers cannot use any of TurboTax's free products which were advertised, claiming that it has misled customers to believing that tax filers can use TurboTax to file their taxes. In addition, tax filers who earn farm income or are gig workers cannot be eligible for those products.[37][38] Intuit announced that they would take counter action, announcing that the FTC's arguments are "not credible" and claimed that their free tax filing service is available to all tax filers.[39]

On May 4, 2022, Intuit agreed to pay a $141 million settlement over the misleading advertisements.[40] In May 2023, the company began sending over 4 million customers their settlement checks, which ranged from $30 to $85 USD.[41]

References

  1. ↑ Gray, Tim (February 11, 2012). "Taking Tax Software for a Walk". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 22, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  2. ↑ "Michael Chipman". People. Forbes. April 18, 2012. Archived from the original on May 16, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  3. ↑ Groves, Martha (September 2, 1993). "Intuit, Chipsoft Agree to Merge in $225-Million Deal". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  4. ↑ Elliott, Justin (April 9, 2019). "Congress Is About to Ban the Government From Offering Free Online Tax Filing. Thank TurboTax". ProPublica. Archived from the original on April 9, 2019. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
  5. ↑ Day, Liz (March 26, 2013). "How the Maker of TurboTax Fought Free, Simple Tax Filing". ProPublica. Archived from the original on April 9, 2019. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
  6. ↑ Justin Elliott, Paul Kiel (October 17, 2019). "Inside TurboTax's 20-Year Fight to Stop Americans From Filing Their Taxes for Free". ProPublica. Archived from the original on October 17, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2019.
  7. ↑ "IRS moves forward with a new free-file tax return system, supporters and critics mobilize". PBS NewsHour. July 20, 2023.
  8. ↑ Elliott, Justin (May 10, 2019). "New York Regulator Launches Investigation Into TurboTax Maker Intuit and H&R Block". ProPublica. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  9. ↑ Elliott, Justin (December 19, 2019). "TurboTax Tricked Customers Into Paying to File Taxes. Now Several States Are Investigating It". ProPublica. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  10. ↑ Justin Elliott, Lucas Waldron (April 22, 2019). "Here's How TurboTax Just Tricked You Into Paying to File Your Taxes". ProPublica. Archived from the original on December 3, 2021. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  11. ↑ Justin Elliott, Kengo Tsutsumi (May 23, 2019). "TurboTax Uses A "Military Discount" to Trick Troops Into Paying to File Their Taxes". ProPublica. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  12. ↑ Horn, Jonathan (November 9, 2014). "Intuit: An atmosphere to excel". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  13. ↑ "Corporate Profile". Intuit. Archived from the original on September 13, 2008. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  14. ↑ "TurboTax Support: Audit Defense". Intuit. December 6, 2013. Archived from the original on July 9, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  15. ↑ "Intuit TurboTax Order Status FAQs (2009)". Intuit. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  16. ↑ "TurboTax Security Glitch May Force 150,000 Investors to Alter Passwords". Los Angeles Times. April 6, 2001. Archived from the original on March 15, 2013. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  17. ↑ "Importing Your W-2, 1099, and 1098 Forms". Intuit. September 9, 2013. Archived from the original on May 30, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  18. ↑ Metz, Cade (October 1, 2003). "Intuit's TurboTax Activation Scheme Irks Users". PC Magazine. Archived from the original on February 23, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2007.
  19. ↑ "Why has the price of TurboTax increased by $15 this year?". Intuit. Archived from the original on December 4, 2008. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  20. ↑ Elmblad, Shelly (November 25, 2008). "TurboTax Removes E-file Fees". About.com. Archived from the original on December 5, 2008. Retrieved December 3, 2008.
  21. ↑ Ahrens, Frank (January 22, 2009). "Treasury Pick Misfiled Using Off-the-Shelf Tax Software". The Washington Post. p. D1. Archived from the original on December 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2020.
  22. ↑ "Accelerating Technology Innovation to Better Help Consumers Solve Their Most Pressing Financial Problems". Intuit Blog. July 15, 2021. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
  23. ↑ "Free File: Do your Federal Taxes for Free | Internal Revenue Service". Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved April 23, 2019.
  24. ↑ "Ok, so I just read this article about Turbotax doing shady things and found out something really interesting". Imgur. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved April 23, 2019.
  25. ↑ "Here's How TurboTax Just Tricked You into Paying to File Your Taxes". Archived from the original on December 3, 2021. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  26. ↑ "TurboTax, H&R Block Can't Hide Free Filing Services Under New IRS Agreement". Business Insider. Archived from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2020.
  27. ↑ Becker, David (January 6, 2003). "Intuit pours oil on TurboTax troubles". CNET. Archived from the original on October 31, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
  28. 1 2 Day, Liz (March 26, 2013). "How the Maker of TurboTax Fought Free, Simple Tax Filing". ProPublica. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
  29. ↑ Burman, Len (April 15, 2013). "The Tax Complexity Lobby". Forbes. Archived from the original on November 24, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
  30. ↑ Matthews, Dylan (March 29, 2016). "Why I'm boycotting TurboTax this year". Vox. Archived from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2017.
  31. ↑ "The Call for Boycotting TurboTax". Institute for Policy Studies. Archived from the original on June 10, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2017.
  32. ↑ Novack, Janet (January 22, 2015). "Intuit Offers $25 Refund To TurboTax Deluxe Users Hurt By Software Changes". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
  33. ↑ "Intuit Cries Uncle, Will Reverse TurboTax Deluxe Changes". Forbes. Archived from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  34. ↑ "Citing Tax Fraud Spike, TurboTax Suspends State E-Filings". Krebs on Security. February 6, 2015. Archived from the original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  35. ↑ "TurboTax's Anti-Fraud Efforts Under Scrutiny". Krebs on Security. February 22, 2015. Archived from the original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  36. ↑ Adamczyk, Alicia (March 17, 2021). "TurboTax and H&R Block said they worked with the IRS to fix stimulus check deposit issues. Customers say they still can't access the funds". CNBC. Archived from the original on March 18, 2021. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  37. ↑ "FTC Sues Intuit for Its Deceptive TurboTax "free" Filing Campaign" (Press release). Federal Trade Commission. March 29, 2022. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022. Retrieved March 30, 2022.
  38. ↑ Arbel, Tali (March 29, 2022). "FTC sues Intuit to stop 'bait-and-switch' TurboTax ads". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
  39. ↑ Dress, Bradd (March 29, 2022). "FTC sues Intuit over TurboTax 'free' filing ad campaign". The Hill. Nexstar Media. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022. Retrieved March 30, 2022.
  40. ↑ "Intuit to pay $141M settlement over 'free' TurboTax ads". Associated Press. May 4, 2022. Archived from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2022.
  41. ↑ Valinsky, Jordan (May 9, 2023). "TurboTax is sending checks to 4.4 million customers as part of a $141 million settlement | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved May 9, 2023.
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