2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election
6 December 2015
All 167 seats in the National Assembly[1]
84 seats needed for a majority
Turnout74.04%
  First party Second party
 
Leader Julio Borges Diosdado Cabello
Party MUD PSUV
Seats won 109 55
Seat change Increase45 Decrease41
Popular vote 7,728,025 5,203,487
Percentage 56.21% 37.85%
Results by electoral districts
President of the NA before election

Diosdado Cabello
PSUV

 President of the NA

Henry Ramos Allup[2]
AD

Parliamentary elections were held in Venezuela on 6 December 2015[3] to elect the 164 deputies and three indigenous representatives of the National Assembly. They were the fourth parliamentary elections to take place after the 1999 constitution, which abolished the bicameral system in favour of a unicameral parliament, and the first to take place after the death of President Hugo Chávez. Despite predictions from the opposition of a possible last-minute cancellation, the elections took place as scheduled, with the majority of polls showing the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) holding a wide lead over the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) and its wider alliance, the Great Patriotic Pole (GPP).

The political landscape leading up to the elections was heavily influenced by the severe economic crisis faced by the country, as well as a series of protests that took place in 2014, after which former Chacao mayor and leader of Popular Will, Leopoldo López, was detained and sentenced to 14 years in prison. The scarcity of basic goods and high inflation were the central topics of discussion, with each party blaming their opponent as the cause. Introducing economic policies to counter the crisis, as well as granting amnesty to political prisoners, was the main campaign pledge of the MUD. The ruling PSUV, on the other hand, ran a campaign focused on overcoming what they called an "economic war" led by the right-wing against the Venezuelan people, as well as defending the legacy of Chávez and the social policies introduced during his presidency.

The result was a decisive defeat for the PSUV, which lost control of the Assembly for the first time since 1999.[4] The MUD, composed of politicians opposed to the government of both Chávez and his successor, won 109 seats, and with the support of the three indigenous representatives, gained a supermajority of 112 seats against 55 won by the GPP. In terms of popular vote, the MUD received 7.7 million votes, an increase of 2.4 million from the 2010 elections, becoming the most voted party in Venezuelan electoral history. In comparison, the GPP only managed to gain an additional 200,000 votes, to total 5.6 million votes.

Background

Since the 1999 Constitutional Assembly elections, the National Assembly was dominated by alliances supportive of President Hugo Chávez. In the 2005 parliamentary elections, most opposition parties decided to withdraw, resulting in all seats being won by the Fifth Republic Movement and other parties supportive of Chávez. For the 2010 elections, an alliance of opposition parties was formed by the Democratic Unity Roundtable to contest the elections, and managed to win 64 seats. The PSUV, which was an alliance formed by Chávez from the Fifth Republic Movement and a number of smaller parties, won 96 seats, maintaining their majority, but lost their two-thirds and three-fifths supermajority. Fatherland for All, a small left-wing party, won two seats.[5] After Chávez's death in 2013, his hand-picked successor Maduro was narrowly elected president, continuing Chávez' ideological influence.[6] In 2015, the Democratic Unity Roundtable alliance aimed to improve its result from last time and end the incumbent PSUV government,[7] while Maduro said he had faith in the voters giving the government a large majority.[8]

Protests

In 2014, a series of protests and demonstrations began in Venezuela. The protests have been attributed to inflation, violence and shortages in Venezuela. The protests have been largely peaceful,[9] though some have escalated and resulted in violence from both protesters and government forces. The government has accused the protests of being motivated by 'fascists' opposition leaders, capitalism and foreign influence,[10] and has itself been accused of censorship, supporting groups called colectivos using violence against protesters and politically motivated arrests.[11]

Electoral system

Starting from 2015, the 167 members of the National Assembly were elected by a mixed majoritarian system; 113 members were elected by First-past-the-post voting in 87 constituencies. A total of 51 seats were elected by closed list proportional representation based on the 23 states and the Capital District. Seats were allocated using the d'Hondt method. The remaining three seats were reserved for indigenous peoples, and were elected by the community.

The opposition coalition held primaries on 17 May in 33 of the 87 electoral districts, choosing candidates for 42 seats; 125 additional candidates were expected to be hand-picked by 'consensus' among party leaders,[12] though the rules were later changed to require 40% of opposition candidates to be women and barred some popular opposition candidates from running, a move that experts called unconstitutional.[13] The PSUV held primaries in all 87 electoral districts on 28 June with the Bolivarian government stating there was a participation of 3,162,400 voters, though some observing the primaries noticed a large decrease of voters to less than 1 million participating, or about 10% of PSUV members.[13]

Opinion polls

Graphical summary

The blue line represents percentage that favor MUD. The red line represents percentage that favor PSUV. Unfilled dots represent individual results of the polls seen below.

Poll results are listed in the tables below in chronological order and using the date the survey's fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. If such date is unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed in bold, and the background shaded in the leading party's colour.

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size		 PSUV/GPP MUD Others Don't know Lead
IVAD[14][15] 29 September 2014 800 27.6% 45.2% – 27.2% 17.6%
Consultores 21[15] 21 September – 2 October 2014 1000 33% 48% – 15%
Datanálisis[16] October 2014 1293 21.0% 38.9% 12.9% 17.5% 17.9%
Datanálisis[16] November 2014 1300 18.8% 39.8% 15.5% 17.5% 21%
VARIANZAS[17][18] 8–23 December 2014 1200 30.3% 43.9% 4.9% [note 1] 20.9% [note 2] 13.6%
Datanálisis[16] January 2015 1000 17.3% 45.9% 13.8% 17.4% 28.6%
Keller y Asociados[19] January 2015 1200 44% 56% – – 12%
Meganalisis[20] 25 January 2015 – 21.0% 29.0% – 26.8% 8%
Datanálisis[21] February 2015  ? 22.5% 59.6% 17.9% – 37.1%
ICS[22] 10–20 February 2015 1300 43.6% 31.6% – 24.8% 12%
DatinCorp[23] 8 February 2015 1200 23.83% 47.83% – 17%[note 3] 24%
Datanálisis[16][24] March 2015 1000 19.0% 42.6% 8.8% 21.3% 23.6%
Keller y Asociados[25] 26 February – 13 March 2015 1200 31% 42% 11% 16% 11%
Datanálisis[16] April 2015 1000 25.0% 45.8% 6.5% 16.5% 20.8%
VARIANZAS[26] 19 March – 2 April 2015 1200 33.7% 46.1% 7.8% 12.5% 12.4%
UCAB/Delphos[27] 10–25 April 2015 1200 15.5% 39.2% – 45.7% [note 4] 23.7%
Hercón[28] 1–15 May 2015 1200 28% 52% – 19.8% [note 5] 24%
DatinCorp[29] May 2015 1200 18% 48% 21% 14%[note 3] 30%
Datanálisis[30] 18–30 May 2015 1000 21.3% 40.1% 10.0% 28.6% 18.8%
Meganalisis[20] 30 May 2015 – 19.5% 17.6% – 28.7% 1.9%
IVAD[31] 28 May – 11 June 2015 1200 20.8% 32.6% 27.6 19% [note 6] 11.8%
Datanálisis[32] June 2015  ? 27% 61% 12% – 34%
Hercón[33] 20–27 June 2015 2000 28.1% 61.1% – 10.5% 33%
ICS[34] 6–27 July 2015 8000
(500 per state)		 45.3% 37.6% – 17.1% 7.7%
Datanálisis[16][35] 10–23 July 2015 999 19.2% 42.2% 11.8% 17.5% 23%
DatinCorp[36] July 2015 1197 20% 42% 14% 23% [note 7] 22%
Meganalisis[37] August 2015 – 16.3% 42.4% – 13.0% 26.1%
IVAD[38] 8–16 August 2015 1200 19.3% 57.9% – 22.8% 38.6%
Keller y Asociados[39] 19 August – 5 September 2015 1200 27% 53% 11% 9% 26%
Datanálisis[40] September 2015 – 21% 44% 35% – 23%
DatinCorp[41] September 2015 – 20% 53% – 33%
Delphos September 2015 – 20% 50% 20% 10% 30%
Meganalisis[37] September 2015 – 26.7% 37.6% – 35.7% 10.9%
Venebarómetro/IVAD[42] 5–15 September 2015 1200 17.1% 38.3% 28.0% 16.7% 21.2%
Hercon[43] 13–16 September 2015 1000 22.3% 60.1% 13.0% 4.6% 37.8%
Consultores 21[44] 4–20 September 2015 – 35.8% 57.8% 3.7% – 22%
Hercon[45] 5–20 September 2015 1200 30.3% 62.3% – 7.3% 32%
Consultores 21[46] October 2015 – 34% 55% – 21%
Datanálisis[47] October 2015 – 28.2% 63.2% – 35%
DatinCorp[48] October 2015 – 20% 47% – 27%
DatinCorp[49] October 2015 – 39% 56% – 17%
IVAD[50] October 2015 – 22.1% 41.8% [note 1] 19.7%
Venebarómetro[51] 11 October 2015 – 19.9% 43.7% – 26.5% 23.8%
Keller y Asociados[52] 5–15 November 2015 1200 25% 59% 11% 6% 34%
IVAD[53] 10–20 November 2015 1200 27.8% 43.0% 11.3% 17.8% 15.2%
Venebarómetro[54] 8–22 November 2015 1200 27.6% 42.7% 11.1% 18.7% 15.1%
Hercón[55] 10–25 November 2015 1200 31.6% 60.1% – 8.2% 28.5%
Meganalisis[56] 18–26 November 2015 1200 28% 63% 6% 3% 35%

Conduct

Leading up to the elections, serious issues have been raised about its fairness and credibility.[57] On 10 October 2015, Brazil pulled out of a UNASUR electoral mission to observe the Venezuelan election over what it said a lack of guarantees by the socialist government and its veto of the choice to head the delegation.[58] In a statement on 10 November 2015, Secretary General of the Organization of American States Luis Almagro condemned Venezuela's electoral process, explaining that the ruling party, PSUV, has an unfair advantage with its ability to use public assets, media access, creating dubious voting sheets and by disqualifying opposition politicians, stating that "It's worrying that ... the difficulties only impact the opposition parties".[59]

After the election, the opposition MUD coalition was accused of vote-buying in the state of Amazonas. The Supreme Court suspended all four Amazonas delegates (one socialist and three opposition).[60] As of May 2018, these claims have not been proven.[61]

Results

Results of the list vote by state.

The MUD won 109 of the 164 general seats and all three indigenous seats, which gave them a supermajority in the National Assembly, while the GPP won the remaining 55 seats. Voter turnout was just over 74 percent.[3]

The Great Patriotic Pole coalition led by the PSUV received 5,625,248 votes (40.92%) in the party-list vote. A total of 29 parties were members of the coalition, although six of them ran separately in some states.

PartyParty-listConstituencyTotal
seats
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Democratic Unity Roundtable7,728,02556.212881109
United Socialist Party of Venezuela5,203,48737.85233255
Communist Party of Venezuela114,3430.83000
New Vision for My Country104,4680.76000
Tupamaro82,1880.60000
Red Flag Party61,7000.45000
Fatherland for All56,1990.41000
National Integration Movement–Unity50,4340.37000
Movement for Socialism37,4050.27000
Community Change Response Networks33,6630.24000
For Social Democracy29,6470.22000
Independent Solidarity23,0750.17000
Independent Party of Zulia22,7710.17000
Unidad Democracia Renovadora21,8570.16000
People's Electoral Movement18,6780.14000
Venezuelan Popular Unity16,2860.12000
Revolutionary New Path12,2090.09000
Ecological Movement of Venezuela11,8470.09000
Independents for National Community10,2200.07000
Authentic Renewal Organization7,4890.05000
Venezuelan Revolutionary Currents7,3830.05000
Republican Bicentennial Vanguard7,3620.05000
Alliance for Change7,1060.05000
Revolutionary Party of Work6,3030.05000
Democratic Unity5,9240.04000
Organised Youth of Venezuela5,8490.04000
Organized Socialist Party in Venezuela5,0490.04000
Organizados para Gobernar Gente Nueva4,3490.03000
Labour Movement3,9650.03000
Free Voters3,8570.03000
Democratic Republican Union3,4710.03000
Sovereign Unity3,3040.02000
National Opinion3,2740.02000
United Youth in National Action with Bimba2,7370.02000
Movimiento Conciencia de Pais2,5820.02000
Think Democracy2,5360.02000
United Democratic Party for Peace and Liberty2,1960.02000
Allied Democrats of Free Expression2,1900.02000
Independent People1,9940.01000
New Social Order1,7960.01000
We Continue to Carabobo1,7550.01000
Labour Power1,5620.01000
Workers' Party1,2950.01000
Socialism and Liberty Party1,2290.01000
Intercultural Pluriethnic Movement of Venezuela1,1250.01000
Venezuelan Independent Will Voters1,0010.01000
Good Land8820.01000
Renovación en Democracia Nacimiento Alternativo8480.01000
New Majority7270.01000
Independent Movement for the Love of Monagas7120.01000
PORESTA6830.00000
Movement 1006350.00000
Alpha Project5820.00000
Independent Merideños Progressives5310.00000
People on the Street5250.00000
United Multi-Ethnic Peoples of Amazonas5160.00000
New Socialist Generation4950.00000
People of Vargas4880.00000
Sixth Republic4820.00000
Socialist Revolutionary Unity4670.00000
Sucre Awakens Liberation Movement4260.00000
Socialist Renewal Movement2750.00000
New Pact2530.00000
VTV3790.00000
Labor Party Towards Socialism1550.00000
Organised Independent Party860.00000
Revolucionario Independiente Organizado Social590.00000
Everyone United for Amazonas590.00000
Indigenous seats3
Total13,747,450100.0051113167
Valid votes13,747,45095.23
Invalid/blank votes688,1384.77
Total votes14,435,588100.00
Registered voters/turnout19,496,36574.04
Source: CNE

List vote by state

States/districts won by the MUD
States/districts won by the GPP
State MUD GPP Others Margin State total
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
Capital District 662,926 57.23% 460,871 39.79% 34,443 2.97% 202,055 17.45% 1,158,240
Amazonas 33,069 49.81% 30,868 46.49% 2,447 3.69% 2,201 3.32% 66,384
Anzoátegui 451,973 59.34% 288,789 37.91% 20,890 2.74% 163,184 21.43% 761,652
Apure 93,666 44.79% 110,834 53.00% 4,611 2.21% −17,168 −8.21% 209,111
Aragua 468,964 54.07% 375,304 43.27% 22,975 2.75% 94,660 10.80% 867,243
Barinas 217,630 55.68% 166,471 42.59% 6,694 1.71% 51,159 13.09% 390,795
Bolívar 387,771 59.57% 242,849 37.30% 20,309 3.12% 144,922 22.26% 650,929
Carabobo 644,642 58.57% 439,195 39.91% 16,619 1.51% 205,447 18.67% 1,100,456
Cojedes 77,395 46.39% 87,585 52.50% 1,826 1.09% −10,190 −6.11% 166,806
Delta Amacuro 27,087 36.20% 43,813 58.55% 3,922 5.24% −16,726 −22.35% 74,822
Falcón 252,620 54.14% 196,425 42.10% 17,484 3.75% 56,195 12.05% 466,529
Guárico 168,934 48.35% 175,857 50.33% 4,588 1.31% −6,923 −1.98% 349,379
Lara 504,122 54.67% 388,685 42.15% 29,184 3.17% 115,437 12.52% 921,991
Mérida 280,251 63.33% 145,585 32.89% 16,676 3.77% 134,666 30.43% 442,512
Miranda 838,292 58.96% 546,718 38.45% 36,762 2.59% 291,574 20.51% 1,421,772
Monagas 227,635 51.55% 201,182 45.56% 12,705 2.88% 26,453 5.99% 441,522
Nueva Esparta 151,122 60.89% 93,365 37.62% 3,692 1.49% 57,757 23.27% 248,179
Portuguesa 186,905 43.96% 228,409 53.72% 9,833 2.31% −41,504 −9.76% 424,774
Sucre 201,753 49.04% 196,080 47.66% 13,548 3.29% 5,673 1.38% 411,381
Táchira 392,709 65.55% 175,103 29.23% 31,229 5.21% 217,606 36.33% 599,041
Trujillo 180,300 49.48% 168,503 46.25% 15,525 4.26% 11,797 3.24% 364,328
Vargas 99,734 52.27% 85,453 44.78% 5,609 2.94% 14,281 7.48% 190,796
Yaracuy 148,481 48.09% 156,601 50.71% 3,674 1.19% −8,120 −2.63% 308,756
Zulia 1,030,044 60.24% 620,703 36.30% 58,932 3.45% 409,341 23.94% 1,709,679
Total 7,728,025 56.21% 5,625,248 40.92% 394,177 2.87% 2,102,777 15.30% 13,747,450
Source: CNE

Elected representatives

N.º Representative State Party
1 Nirma Guarulla Amazonas MUD
2 Julio Haron Ygarza Amazonas MUD
3 Luis Carlos Padilla Anzoátegui MUD
4 Antonio Barreto Sira Anzoátegui MUD
5 Jose Brito Anzoátegui MUD
6 Chaim Bucaran Anzoátegui MUD
7 Carlos Michelangeli Anzoátegui MUD
8 Richard Arteaga Anzoátegui MUD
9 Armando Armas Anzoátegui MUD
10 Luis Lippa Apure MUD
11 Dinorah Figuera Aragua MUD
12 Ismael García Aragua MUD
13 José Trujillo Aragua MUD
14 Amelia Belisario Aragua MUD
15 Melva Paredes Aragua MUD
16 Karin Salanova Aragua MUD
17 Simon Calzadilla Aragua MUD
18 Mariela Magallanes Aragua MUD
19 Julio Cesar Reyes Barinas MUD
20 Freddy Superlano Barinas MUD
21 Adolfo Superlano Barinas MUD
22 Maribel Guedez Barinas MUD
23 Andres Eloy Camejo Barinas MUD
24 Angel Medina Bolívar MUD
25 Luis Silva Bolívar MUD
26 Olivia Lozano Bolívar MUD
27 Francisco Sucre Bolívar MUD
28 José Prat Bolívar MUD
29 Freddy Valera Bolívar MUD
30 Amerigo de Grazia Bolívar MUD
31 Carlos Berrizbeitia Carabobo MUD
32 Juan Miguel Matheus Carabobo MUD
33 Ylidio de Abreu Carabobo MUD
34 Williams Gil Carabobo MUD
35 Angel Alvarez Carabobo MUD
36 Marco Bozo Carabobo MUD
37 Romny Flores Carabobo MUD
38 Carlos Lozano Carabobo MUD
39 Dennis Fernández Cojedes MUD
40 José Antonio España Delta Amacuro MUD
41 Gregorio Graterol Falcón MUD
42 Luis Stefanelli Falcón MUD
43 Eliezer Sirit Falcón MUD
44 Juan Manaure Falcón MUD
45 Carlos Prosperi Guárico MUD
46 Edgar Zambrano Lara MUD
47 María Perez Lara MUD
48 Bolivia Suarez Lara MUD
49 Luis Florido Lara MUD
50 Alfonso Marquina Lara MUD
51 Teodoro Campos Lara MUD
52 Milagro Valero Mérida MUD
53 Alexis Paparoni Mérida MUD
54 Addy Valero Mérida MUD
55 Williams Davila Mérida MUD
56 Carlos Paparoni Mérida MUD
57 Julio Borges Miranda MUD
58 Luis Moreno Miranda MUD
59 Delsa Solorzano Miranda MUD
60 Freddy Guevara Miranda MUD
61 Miguel Pizarro Miranda MUD
62 Adriana D'Elia Miranda MUD
63 Rafael Guzman Miranda MUD
64 José Aparicio Monagas MUD
65 Pierre Maroun Monagas MUD
66 María Hernandez Monagas MUD
67 Juan Pablo García Monagas MUD
68 Tobias Bolívar Nueva Esparta MUD
69 Luis Emilio Rondón Nueva Esparta MUD
70 Orlando Avila Nueva Esparta MUD
71 Jony Rahal Nueva Esparta MUD
72 María Martinez Portuguesa MUD
73 Robert Alcala Sucre MUD
74 José Noriega Sucre MUD
75 Milagros Paz Sucre MUD
76 Ezequiel Perez Táchira MUD
77 Sonia Medina Táchira MUD
78 Laidy Gomez Táchira MUD
79 Gaby Arellano Táchira MUD
80 Juan Requesens Táchira MUD
81 Sergio Vergara Táchira MUD
82 Carlos Gonzalez Trujillo MUD
83 Conrado Perez Trujillo MUD
84 José Olivares Vargas MUD
85 Milagros Eulate Vargas MUD
86 Juan Guaidó Vargas MUD
87 Biagio Pilieri Yaracuy MUD
88 Luis Parra Yaracuy MUD
89 Enrique Marquez Zulia MUD
90 Timoteo Zambrano Zulia MUD
91 Omar Barboza Zulia MUD
92 Avilio Troconiz Zulia MUD
93 Elimar Díaz Zulia MUD
94 Nora Bracho Zulia MUD
95 Elías Matta Zulia MUD
96 Juan Pablo Guanipa Zulia MUD
97 William Barrientos Zulia MUD
98 José Luis Pirela Zulia MUD
99 Hernán Alemán Zulia MUD
100 Juan Carlos Velazco Zulia MUD
101 Freddy Paz Zulia MUD
102 Tomás Guanipa Distrito Capital MUD
103 Jesús Abreu Distrito Capital MUD
104 Marialbert Barrios Distrito Capital MUD
105 Jorge Millan Distrito Capital MUD
106 Henry Ramos Allup Distrito Capital MUD
107 José Guerra Distrito Capital MUD
108 Richard Blanco Distrito Capital MUD
109 Stalin Gonzalez Distrito Capital MUD
110 Virgilio Ferrer Indigenous Representative West Region MUD
111 Gladys Guaipo Indigenous Representative East Region MUD
112 Romel Guzamana Indigenous Representative South Region MUD
1 Miguel Tadeo Amazonas PSUV
2 Earle Herrera Anzoátegui PSUV
3 Cristobal Jiménez Apure PSUV
4 Domingo Santana Apure PSUV
5 Gerson Vizcaino Apure PSUV
6 Hector Zambrano Apure PSUV
7 Ricardo Molina Aragua PSUV
8 Asdrubal Chávez Barinas PSUV
9 Hector Rodríguez Bolívar PSUV
10 Saúl Ortega Carabobo PSUV
11 Hector Agüero Carabobo PSUV
12 Cilia Flores Cojedes PSUV
13 Jorge Pérez Cojedes PSUV
14 Nosliw Rodríguez Cojedes PSUV
15 Pedro Carreño Delta Amacuro PSUV
16 Carlos Gomez Delta Amacuro PSUV
17 Amado Heredia Delta Amacuro PSUV
18 Victor Clark Falcón PSUV
19 Jesús Montilla Falcón PSUV
20 Oscar Figuera Guárico PSUV
21 Christopher Constant Guárico PSUV
22 Eustoquio Contreras Guárico PSUV
23 Juan Marín Guárico PSUV
24 Roger Cordero Lara Guárico PSUV
25 Carmen Meléndez Lara PSUV
26 Julio Chávez Lara PSUV
27 German Ferrer Lara PSUV
28 Ramón Lobo Mérida PSUV
29 Haiman El Troudi Miranda PSUV
30 Nora Delgado Miranda PSUV
31 Elías Jaua Miranda PSUV
32 Genkerve Tovar Miranda PSUV
33 Elio Serrano Miranda PSUV
34 Diosdado Cabello Monagas PSUV
35 Hugo Carvajal Monagas PSUV
36 Dinorah Villasmil Nueva Esparta PSUV
37 Rafael Calles Portuguesa PSUV
38 Mariana Lerin Portuguesa PSUV
39 Luis Soteldo Portuguesa PSUV
40 Willian Perez Portuguesa PSUV
41 Francisco Torrealba Portuguesa PSUV
42 Gilberto Pinto Sucre PSUV
43 Edwin Rojas Sucre PSUV
44 Rafael Rodríguez Sucre PSUV
45 José Sanguino Táchira PSUV
46 Hugbel Roa Trujillo PSUV
47 Yolmar Gudiño Trujillo PSUV
48 Loengri Matheus Trujillo PSUV
49 Dario Vivas Vargas PSUV
50 Yul Jabour Yaracuy PSUV
51 Carlos Gamarra Yaracuy PSUV
52 Haydee Huerfano Yaracuy PSUV
53 Omar Prieto Zulia PSUV
54 Sergio Fuenmayor Zulia PSUV
55 Tania Díaz Distrito Capital PSUV

Reactions

Domestic

According to the Associated Press, celebrations and fireworks could be heard in the streets of Caracas following the MUD victory.[62] In a speech following the results, President Maduro acknowledged his party's defeat, saying that, despite these "adverse results", Venezuela's democracy and constitution had triumphed; while calling for peace, re-evaluation, he attributed the opposition's victory to an intensification of the "economic war".[62][63] A defiant Maduro said he would give no quarter to the Venezuelan opposition in spite of his own party's crushing defeat in last weekend's mid-term parliamentary elections. Maduro vowed to block "the counter-revolutionary right" from taking over the country. "We won't let it," he said.[4] The leader of the MUD, Jesús Torrealba, told supporters after their party's victory that "The country wants change and that change is beginning today".[62] Henrique Capriles Radonski, a leading opposition politician, stated "The results are as we hoped. Venezuela has won. It's irreversible".[63]

International

Venezuelan bonds grew across the board about one to three cents after the announcement of MUD's victory in the elections, with one researcher at Exotix brokerage stating, "It's better than we expected. Polls suggested a victory but whether that translated into seats was another question. Also, (the government) seem to have accepted the result".[64]

Mauricio Macri, president-elect of Argentina, had announced that he would request to remove Venezuela from Mercosur, as the government was not respecting democratic doctrines. He declined this plan when Maduro acknowledged the defeat of his party.[65] However, a year after the election, on 1 December 2016, Venezuela was suspended from Mercosur.[66]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Neither
  2. ↑ 11.2% Don't know, 7.4% It depends, 2.3 % Won't vote
  3. 1 2 No vote (no votaría)
  4. ↑ 20.7% Don't know, 8.2% Won't vote, 16.4% Neither
  5. ↑ 11.2% Don't know, 14.2% Won't vote
  6. ↑ "The rest declares themselves undecided."
  7. ↑ 13% "Wouldn't Vote, 10% "Undecided"

References

  1. ↑ "CNE dio a conocer distribución de diputados a elegir en todo el país". El Universal. 7 May 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  2. ↑ "Henry Ramos Allup será el nuevo presidente de la AN". El Universal (in Spanish). Caracas. 3 January 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Venezuela Opposition Won Majority of National Assembly Seats". Bloomberg. 7 December 2015. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  4. 1 2 "Venezuela turmoil as president remains defiant after defeat". The Independent. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
  5. ↑ "Divulgación Elecciones Parlamentarias – 26 de Septiembre de 2010" (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  6. ↑ "Nicolas Maduro sworn in as new Venezuelan president". BBC News. 19 April 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  7. ↑ Cawthorne, Andrew; Pons, Corina (6 October 2014). "Venezuelan opposition head seeks 2015 vote gains, and 'Caribbean Norway'". Reuters. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  8. ↑ "Maduro rejects speculation he'll suspend Venezuela elections - Salon.com". AP. 5 March 2015. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  9. ↑ "Protestas aumentan 278% en primer semestre 2014" (in Spanish). La Patilla. 17 July 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  10. ↑ Milne, Seumas (8 April 2014). "Venezuela protests are sign that US wants our oil, says Nicolás Maduro". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  11. ↑ "Venezuela: UN rights chief calls for immediate release of opposition leader, politicians". United Nations. 20 October 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  12. ↑ Ulmer, Alexandra (17 May 2015). "Venezuela opposition holds primaries for high-stakes parliament vote". Reuters. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  13. 1 2 María Delgado, Antonio (21 July 2015). "Chavismo pierde participación electoral y opta por inhabilitar a la oposición". El Nuevo Herald. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  14. ↑ "Gestión de Gobierno y Coyuntura Política Estudio Nacional" (PDF) (in Spanish). IVAD. 29 September 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  15. 1 2 Martínez, Eugenio G. (28 October 2014). "Legislativas 2015: ¿por qué puede ganar la unidad y perder la oposición?; por Eugenio Martínez « Prodavinci". Prodavinci (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Datanálisis: Omnibus Julio Agosto 2015". Datanalisis. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
  17. ↑ "varianzas: Presentación Encuesta Nacional Diciembre 2014" (in Spanish). 11 January 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  18. ↑ "VARIANZAS: POPULARIDAD DE MADURO SE UBICA EN 13,5% | Barómetro Político". Barómetro Político (in Spanish). 15 April 2015. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  19. ↑ Vásquez, Alex (11 January 2015). "Crisis económica pone a prueba liderazgos de la MUD y del PSUV". El Nacional (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  20. 1 2 "Entrevista en el Canal Internacional de Noticias NTN24". Meganalisis. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  21. ↑ "La oposición venezolana, ante el reto de la contención" (in Spanish). 23 February 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  22. ↑ "Enquesta – ICS Febrero 2015" (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  23. ↑ RODRÍGUEZ T., CARMEN M. (16 March 2015). "DatinCorp: 70% califica entre mala y pésima la situación del país – Nacional y Política". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  24. ↑ "Datanálisis: Oposición mantiene ventaja de 20% de cara a las parlamentarias – Nacional y Política". El Universal (in Spanish). 21 April 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  25. ↑ "KELLER1er Trimestre 2015". Scribd (in Spanish). La Patilla. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  26. ↑ "varianzas: Encuesta Nacional Marzo-Abril 2015" (in Spanish). 14 April 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  27. ↑ "Percepciones ciudadanas del Sistema Electoral Venezolano" (PDF) (in Spanish). 20 May 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  28. ↑ "Marcos Hernández López: Intención voto parlamentarias 2015" (in Spanish). 20 May 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  29. ↑ "#SiSePuede: La Oposición supera al Chavismo por 30 Puntos" (in Spanish). 8 June 2015. Archived from the original on 28 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  30. ↑ "Aprobación de presidente venezolano Maduro cae a 25,8 pct en mayo: sondeo" (in Spanish). Reuters América Latina. 17 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  31. ↑ "Chavismo ocupa el tercer lugar de preferencias" (in Spanish). 28 July 2015. Archived from the original on 29 July 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  32. ↑ "Crisis socioeconómica restará curules a partidos oficialistas" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  33. ↑ "Si las elecciones parlamentarias fueran hoy el 70,7% votaría por la oposición (encuesta Hercon)" (in Spanish). 28 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  34. ↑ "Mayoría de venezolanos confían que Maduro mejorará economía del país, según encuesta ICS" (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  35. ↑ "Rechazo a gestión de Nicolás aumenta al 75,7%, según Datanálisis" (in Spanish). 13 August 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  36. ↑ "TRACKING DE COYUNTURA" (PDF) (in Spanish). 7 September 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  37. 1 2 "RESULTADOS ENCUESTA NACIONAL MEGANALISIS CORRESPONDIENTE AL MES DE SEPTIEMBRE". Meganalisis. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  38. ↑ "El 83,6% de los venezolanos no confía en el gobierno de Maduro (encuesta IVAD)" (in Spanish). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  39. ↑ "Maduro ha llevado al oficialismo a ser una clara minoría (encuesta Keller)". La Patilla. 16 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  40. ↑ "Datanálisis: Chavismo y oposición necesitan a independientes para ganar el 6D". Globovision. 23 September 2015. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  41. ↑ "Maduro provoca que el chavismo se hunda en los sondeos de Venezuela". ABC. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  42. ↑ "El 86,8% quiere un cambio en la conducción del país (encuesta Venebarómetro)" (in Spanish). 11 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  43. ↑ "Sólo el 20,1% de los venezolanos cree que López es culpable (encuesta flash Hercon)" (in Spanish). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  44. ↑ G. Martínez, Eugenio (14 October 2015). "Venezuela: la encuesta de Consultores 21 y los datos sobre el 6D; por Eugenio Martínez". Prodavinci. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  45. ↑ "En 82,7 % se ubica rechazo a gestión de Maduro: 51,2 % entre oficialistas (encuesta Hercon)" (in Spanish). 1 October 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
  46. ↑ "Primero Justicia dice que encuestas anuncian derrota de Maduro". El Tiempo. 1 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  47. ↑ "Capriles: "No hay forma que el chavismo gane las legislativas"". Radio Programas del Perú. 14 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  48. ↑ "FRANCISCO M. PÉREZ – En Secreto". El Carabobeño. 20 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 October 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  49. ↑ Vinogradoff, Ludmila (29 October 2015). "Maduro se derrumba con el 82% de rechazo de los venezolanos en las encuestas". ABC. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  50. ↑ Azócar, Gustavo (21 October 2015). "¿Están blindadas las elecciones parlamentarias del 6D?". Analítica. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  51. ↑ "Venezuela: todas las encuestas indican la caída estrepitosa del gobierno de Maduro". ICN Diario. 12 October 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  52. ↑ "Keller: Entre votantes seguros, Oposición 59% Oficialismo 25% (encuesta completa)". La Patilla. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
  53. ↑ "El voto hacia la AN: Oposición 43,0%, Oficialismo 27,8%, Independientes 11,3% (encuesta IVAD)". La Patilla. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  54. ↑ "El 62,8% cree que si gana el oficialismo la situación del país se mantendrá igual o emperorará (Venebarómetro)". La Patilla. 29 November 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  55. ↑ "Encuesta Hercon: 65,1% cree que la oposición ganará las elecciones parlamentarias". Venezuela al Día. 28 November 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  56. ↑ "Mega: Entre votantes seguros, Oposición 63% Oficialismo 28% (encuesta completa)". NTN24. 29 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
  57. ↑ "Venezuela's regime is in a scared and ugly mood". The Economist. 14 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  58. ↑ "Brazil Pulls out of Electoral Mission to Venezuela". ABC News. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
  59. ↑ Chinea, Eyanir; Ellsworth, Brian; Gupta, Girish; Craft, Diane (10 November 2015). "OAS chief slams Venezuela over election observation". Reuters. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  60. ↑ "Venezuela top court blocks four lawmakers-elect from taking office". Reuters. 31 December 2015.
  61. ↑ "Claudio Fermín: Los puntos rojos se instalan con dinero público y violan la ley electoral" (in Spanish). La Región. 17 May 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  62. 1 2 3 Dreier, Hannah (7 December 2015). "Venezuela's Opposition Wins Control of National Assembly". ABC News. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  63. 1 2 "Venezuela opposition wins parliamentary majority". BBC News. 7 December 2015. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  64. ↑ "Weaker oil hits rouble, Venezuela bonds up on election". The Economic Times. 7 December 2015. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  65. ↑ Oliver Stuenkel (7 December 2015). "Maduro's acceptance of election results is early foreign policy win for Macri". Post-Western World. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  66. ↑ "Mercosur suspends Venezuela for failure to follow rules". Associated Press. 2 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
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