Whitton
Chapel Lane, Whitton
Whitton is located in Lincolnshire
Whitton
Whitton
Location within Lincolnshire
Population212 (2011 Census)[1]
OS grid referenceSE903244
• London155 mi (249 km) SSE
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townScunthorpe
Postcode districtDN15
Dialling code01724
PoliceHumberside
FireHumberside
AmbulanceEast Midlands
UK Parliament
WebsiteWhitton:notes on the history of a village.

Whitton is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The 2011 census found 212 inhabitants, in 92 households.[1] It is situated at the northern termination of the Lincoln Cliff range of hills, on the south shore of the Humber about 3 miles (4.8 km) below Trent Falls, and 9 miles (14 km) west of Barton-upon-Humber. The parish is bounded on the west by Alkborough, on the east by Winteringham (which also includes the Winteringham Haven Wildlife Reserve) and, to the south, by West Halton.[2]

Toponymy

Cameron and Mills have suggested that the place name is an Old English masculine personal name (genitive -n) + Anglian ēg, hence 'Hwita's island of land', but Ekwall thought the name meant ‘White Island’ perhaps assuming wrongly that the ground was chalky. Gelling pointed out that the settlement is situated on an obvious ēg, i.e. an 'island' of dry land, projecting into the Humber Estuary, and surrounded on east and west by former marshy ground.[3]

History

Whitton may have originated at the time the Romans crossed the Humber northward in 71 AD; first as a military camp and then later as a Roman villa, overlooking the river, with its temple a few yards to the east, where the Church now stands. It is possible that Whitton was a landing stage on the south bank for the Roman fort and civitas of Petuaria Parisorum at Brough across the river. Roman Coins of Claudius Gothicus (268–270 AD) and Constantine I (the Great) (309–337 AD) have been found in the fields.[4][5] Pevsner states that the Church tower "re-uses massive blocks of Roman stone",[6] but these blocks of millstone grit which are to be found in several local churches (such as neighbouring Winteringham) may have been transported down the Ouse and the Humber from York where Roman buildings were being dismantled, or may even have come from some sort of triumphal arch or structure (perhaps like the Arch of Constantine), which might have stood at the end of Ermine Street.[7][8]

Whitton is mentioned in the 1086 Domesday Book as "Witenai".[9][10] Before the Conquest lordship was held by Siward Barn, and after by Saswalo of Ettington, with Henry de Ferrers becoming Tenant-in-chief. Listed are 300 acres (1.2 km2) of meadow, land for eight ploughs, two plough teams belonging to the lord, five men's plough teams, ten villans (villagers) four bordars (smallholders) and ten freemen. The land was valued at seven pounds.[11]

The church of St John the Baptist, Whitton with the Humber Estuary in the background.

The church is not mentioned in the Domesday survey. St. John the Baptist is a building of stone overlooking the Humber, consisting of a west tower, a small nave (22 feet (6.7 m) wide and 37 feet (11.3 m) long) with a chancel and a south vestry attached. The partly Romanesque (or Norman) tower contains three, now untolled, bells; the third bell is said to have been brought from the village of Welton, across the river in Yorkshire. The base of the tower forms a porch and the large tower arch, leading into the nave, is thought to be Romanesque. The font is also ancient and may be from the same period. The church seems to have been almost completely rebuilt in about 1797-8 when the elaborate crocketted pinnacles were removed from the top of the tower. A drawing, by Nattes, of 1794 shows a dilapidated structure with a south aisle and a south porch.

The church was reseated in 1865 at the expense of Lady Strickland, and between about 1892 and 1897 the nave, chancel and roof were entirely rebuilt from the designs of W. & C. A. Bassett-Smith, architects, of London. On the north side of the chancel are two stained-glass windows, erected in 1918 to the memory of Henry Spilman who was killed in the First World War. In 1952–53 cracks in the tower were repaired under the direction of A.R Haynes, architect of Brigg.[12]

A small part of the relatively new island of Whitton Island in the Humber Estuary falls within the parish.[13]

Census

Census table showing the relative stability of the population:

Year Population Year Population
1801 207 1901 173
1811 187 1911 167
1821 212 1921 183
1831 245 1931 196
1841 217 1941 N/A
1851 190 1951 173
1861 215 1961 180
1871 214 1971 136
1881 201 1981 178
1891 204 1991 173

References

  1. 1 2 UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Whitton Parish (1170211371)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  2. ↑ Whitton ecclesiastical parish map
  3. ↑ K. Cameron (ed.), Place Names of Lincolnshire: Part 6 (Nottm, 2001), pp.118-19;A.D.Mills, Dictionary of English Place-Names (Oxford, 2002), p.496; E .Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names (Oxford, 1960), p.515; M. Gelling, Place-Names in the Landscape (1984), pp.34-5
  4. ↑ Dudley, Harold Edgar; Early Days in North West Lincolnshire, W.H.& C.H.Caldicott (1949), p.171
  5. ↑ Loughlin, Neil; Miller, Keith R.; A Survey of Archaeological Sites in Humberside, Humberside Libraries and Amenities for the Committee (1979), p.219. ISBN 0904451089
  6. ↑ Pevsner, Nikolaus; Harris, John; The Buildings of England: Lincolnshire, Pevsner Architectural Guides (1989), p. 797. ISBN 0-14-071027-2
  7. ↑ l "St. John, Whitton, Lincolnshire", The Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland
  8. ↑ Stocker, D. A.; Everson, P. L.; Summoning St Michael; early romanesque towers in Lincolnshire (Oxford,2006), pp.283–286, reprinted Oxbow Books (2006). ISBN 1842172131
  9. ↑ "Documents Online: Whitton, Lincolnshire", Folio: 353v, Great Domesday Book; The National Archives. Retrieved 23 December 2011
  10. ↑ Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. London: Penguin, 2003. p.918 ISBN 0-14-143994-7
  11. ↑ Whitton in the Domesday Book. Retrieved 23 December 2011.
  12. ↑ Lincolnshire Archives Office: ALKBOROUGH PAR/9/6 Documents relating to repairs
  13. ↑ Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 scale Explorer mapping, accessed October 2014
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.