While the Qing dynasty of China tried to maintain the traditional tributary system of China, by the 19th century Qing China had become part of a European-style community of sovereign states[1] and had established official diplomatic relations with over twenty countries around the world before its downfall in 1912. It also established legations and consulates known as the "Chinese Legation", "Imperial Consulate of China", "Imperial Chinese Consulate (General)" or similar names in seventeen countries since the 1870s.

List of diplomatic relations

Europe

Country Date of establishment
 United Kingdom August 29, 1842
 France October 24, 1844
 Sweden March 20, 1847
 Norway March 20, 1847
 Russia June 13, 1858
 Germany September 2, 1861
 Portugal August 13, 1862
 Denmark July 13, 1863
 Netherlands October 6, 1863
 Spain October 10, 1864
 Belgium November 2, 1865
 Italy October 26, 1866
 Austria-Hungary September 2, 1869

Americas

Country Date of establishment
 United States July 3, 1844
 Peru June 26, 1874
 Brazil October 3, 1881
 Mexico December 14, 1899
 Cuba September 16, 1902
 Canada January 9, 1909
 Panama January 16, 1910

Asia

Country Date of establishment
 Japan September 13, 1871
 Korea September 11, 1899

Africa

Country Date of establishment
 South Africa November 4, 1904

Oceania

Country Date of establishment
 Australia May 21, 1908
 New Zealand May 21, 1908

See also

References

  1. ↑ Rowe, Rowe (2010). China's Last Empire – The Great Qing. Harvard University Press. p. 211. ISBN 9780674054554. Retrieved February 15, 2010.
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