A hybrid paper-polymer banknote or Composite Substrate is a banknote made from a mixture of paper and polymer substance.
Hybrid banknotes are essentially a paper banknote with a polymer patch. A polymer patch/band is applied vertically over the entire height of paper banknote, thus creating a clear window. The height of the polymer window generally measures 74 mm depending on the height of the banknote × 16 mm. Its thickness is 25 microns. Bulgaria was the first country to produce a hybrid paper polymer banknote, in a denomination of 20 Bulgarian Leva in 2005.[1]
Manufactures of hybrid banknotes include Giesecke+Devrient's Hybrid[2] and Varifeye,[3] De La Rue's Optiks,[4] Louisenthal's Hybrid,[5] Landqart AG's DuraSafe[6] and Banque de France's EverFit.[7]
The countries and monetary unions which use hybrid banknotes include:
- Armenia[8]
 - Russia[9]
 - Morocco[10]
 - Qatar[11]
 - Switzerland[12]
 - Burundi[13]
 - Jamaica[14]
 - Eswatini[15]
 - Tonga[16]
 - South Africa[17]
 - Seychelles[18]
 - Lesotho[19]
 - Bermuda[20]
 - Oman[21]
 - Bulgaria[1]
 - Fiji[1]
 - United Kingdom (Scotland)[22]
 - Kazakhstan[1]
 - Iceland[23]
 - Iraq[24]
 - the EU[25]
 - Bhutan[26]
 - Madagascar[27]
 - Mauritania[28]
 - Tajikistan[29]
 - Zimbabwe[30]
 - Bahamas[31]
 - Latvia[1]
 - Solomon Islands[32]
 - Papua New Guinea[33]
 - Cambodia[34]
 - Comoros[35]
 - UAE[36]
 - C.CFA[37]
 - Suriname[38]
 - Malaysia[39]
 
Gallery










Cambodia 15000 Riel in Landqart AG's DuraSafe.


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References
- 1 2 3 4 5  Netra, Pal Singh (April 2008). "Polymer Banknotes – A Viable Alternative to Paper Banknotes". Asia-Pacific Business Review – via Research gate.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producer. "Giesecke+Devrient". Giesecke+Devrient.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producer. "Giesecke+Devrient". Giesecke+Devrient.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producer. "De La Rue". De La Rue.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producer. "Louisenthal". Louisenthal.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producer. "Landqart AG". Landqart AG.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Banknote Producers. "Banque de France". Banknote News.
 - ↑ Armenian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Armenia". armenpress.am.
 - ↑ Russian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Russia". Numista.
 - ↑ Moroccan, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Morocco". Numista.
 - ↑ Qatari, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of Qatar". Numista.
 - ↑ Swiss, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Switzerland". Numista.
 - ↑ Burundian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Burundi". Numista.
 - ↑ Jamaican, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Jamaica". Numista.
 - ↑ Eswatinian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Eswatini". Numista.
 - ↑ Tongan, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Tonga". Numista.
 - ↑ South African, Hybrid Polymer Banknote (July 2018). "Hybrid Banknote of South Africa". Louisenthal.
 - ↑ Seychelles, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Seychelles". Numista.
 - ↑
 - ↑ Bermudan, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Bermuda". Numista.
 - ↑ Omani, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of Oman". Numista.
 - ↑ Scottish, Hybrid Polymer Banknote (16 June 2014). "Hybrid Banknote of Scotland". BBC News.
 - ↑ Icelandic, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Iceland". Numista.
 - ↑ Iraqi, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Iraq". Numista.
 - ↑ EU, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of EU". Numista.
 - ↑ Bhutanese, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of Bhutan". Numista.
 - ↑ Madagascarian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Madagascar". Numista.
 - ↑ Mauritanian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Mauritania". Numizon.
 - ↑ TajikistanI, Hybrid Polymer Banknote (2018). "Hybrid Banknote of Tajikistan". Louisenthal.
 - ↑ Zimbabwean, Hybrid Polymer Banknote (May 2020). "Hybrid Banknote of Zimbabwe". Stevenbron.nl.
 - ↑ Bahamian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote (June 9, 2017). "Hybrid Banknote of Bahamas". Central Banking.
 - ↑ Solomon Islands, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Solomon Islands". Numista.
 - ↑ Papua new Guinean, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of Papua new Guinea". Numista.
 - ↑ Cambodian, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of Cambodia". Landqart AG.
 - ↑ Comorian, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknotes of Comoros". Banknote News.
 - ↑ Emirati, Hybrid Polymer Banknotes. "Hybrid Banknote of UAE". IC press.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Polymer Banknote of C.CFA. "Hybrid Banknote of C. CFA". Banknote News.
 - ↑ Hybrid, Polymer Banknote of Suriname. "Hybrid Banknote of Suriname". Banknote News.
 - ↑ Malaysian, Hybrid Polymer Banknote. "Hybrid Banknote of Malaysia". BNM.
 
