This is a list of former monarchs of sovereign states who are alive to date. While most monarchs retain their position for their lifetime, some choose to abdicate in favour of a younger heir, while other monarchs are deposed when their monarchies are abolished or when another ruler seizes power by force. By international courtesy, these individuals are usually still addressed by their monarchical titles. The most recent former monarch to die was King Constantine II of Greece, on 10 January 2023.

Living former hereditary monarchs of sovereign states

NameTitleReignBorn AgeReason
Jamshid bin AbdullahSultan of Zanzibar1963–196416 Sep 1929 94 years, 123 daysMonarchy abolished
AkihitoEmperor of Japan1989–201923 Dec 1933 90 years, 25 daysAbdicated
Albert IIKing of the Belgians1993–20136 Jun 1934 89 years, 225 daysAbdicated
Simeon IITsar of the Bulgarians1943–1946[1]16 Jun 1937 86 years, 215 daysMonarchy abolished
Juan Carlos IKing of Spain1975–20145 Jan 1938 86 years, 12 daysAbdicated
BeatrixQueen of the Netherlands1980–201331 Jan 1938 85 years, 351 daysAbdicated
Margrethe IIQueen of Denmark1972–202416 Apr 1940 83 years, 276 daysAbdicated
GyanendraKing of Nepal1950–1951 and 2001–20087 Jul 1947 76 years, 194 daysMonarchy abolished
Hamad bin Khalifa Al ThaniEmir of Qatar1995–20131 Jan 1952 72 years, 16 daysAbdicated
Fuad IIKing of Egypt and the Sudan1952–195316 Jan 1952 72 years, 1 dayMonarchy abolished
Jigme Singye WangchuckKing of Bhutan1972–200611 Nov 1955 68 years, 67 daysAbdicated

Living former elective monarchs of sovereign states

NameTitleReignBorn AgeReason
Sirajuddin of PerlisYang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia2001–200617 May 1943 80 years, 245 daysTerm ended
François HollandeCo-Prince of Andorra2012–201712 Aug 1954 69 years, 158 daysDid not seek re-election as President of France
Nicolas SarkozyCo-Prince of Andorra2007–201228 Jan 1955 68 years, 354 daysDefeated for re-election as President of France
Mizan Zainal Abidin of TerengganuYang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia2006–201122 Jan 1962 61 years, 360 daysTerm ended
Muhammad V of KelantanYang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia2016–20196 Oct 1969 54 years, 103 daysAbdicated

Living former hereditary monarch of a non-sovereign state

NameTitleReignBornAgeNote
Ghalib II al-Qu'aitiSultan of Qu'aiti1966–19677 Jan 194876 years, 10 daysMonarchy abolished

Notes

  1. ↑ Simeon returned to Bulgaria in 1996 after a half-century in exile and was elected Prime Minister under the name Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Simeon Sakskoburggotski) in 2001, serving until 2005.

See also

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