The following is an incomplete list of notable spies during World War II.

Spies for France

PersonNotesReference(s)
Peggy TaylorTaylor was a French spy who shot and killed a German Gestapo colonel when she was 21.[1]4
Gabrielle Bonheur (spy)Gabrielle was a French nazi spy who reported information to French colony. Was later accused.

Spies for Germany

PersonNotesReference(s)
Mathilde CarréCarré was a double agent.[2]
Harold ColeCole betrayed the French resistance. He was shot and killed by French police in 1946.[3]
Astrid Dövle Dollis DahlgrenShe was a Norwegian employed by the Germans.[4]
Jessie JordanScottish hairdesser actually arrested in 1937 and imprisoned until she could be deported[5]
Horst KopkowKopkow was responsible for the deaths of hundreds of captured Allied agents.[6]
Elyesa BaznaCode name Cicero; worked for the British ambassador in Ankara and photographed many top-secrets documents for Nazi Germany
Edward KerlingKerling was the leader of Operation Pastorius. Executed in 1942.
Herbert Hans HauptHaupt was a member of Operation Pastorius. Executed in 1942.
Richard Kauder Kauder was the leader of the Max and Moritz Networks. His true loyalties and the sources of his highly accurate information continue to mystify historians

Spies for Italy

PersonNotesReference(s)
Carmelo Borg PisaniCarmelo Borg Pisani was a Maltese-born artist and Italian Fascist who, on being discovered during an espionage mission in Malta, was found guilty by a British war tribunal and executed for treason.
Rodolfo SivieroSiviero was an Italian secret agent, art historian and intellectual, most notable for his important work in recovering artworks stolen from Italy during the Second World War as part of the 'Nazi plunder'.
Pino LellaLella claimed to have led Jews fleeing Italy through the Alps into Switzerland to freedom and later, as a Nazi, to have passed information to the Italian resistance. Critics note that none of his claims have been corroborated,[7] either by those he claimed to rescue or by the Italian resistance[8] and that such claims might have been self-serving fabrications to avoid recriminations after World War II for enlisting as a Nazi.[9]

Spies for the Netherlands

PersonNotesReference(s)
Dirk KlopKlop was killed in the Venlo Incident.[10]

Spies for Poland

PersonNotesReference(s)
Roman CzerniawskiCzerniawski was a D-Day spy.[11][12]
Jan KowalewskiKowaleski helped Poland achieve victory in the Battle of Warsaw.[13]
Andrzej Kowerski (also called Andrew Kennedy)Kowerski was a Lieutenant for Poland during the war.
Kazimierz LeskiLeski was a pilot during the war. He was captured and went to prison, and then he escaped.[14]

Spies for Russia

PersonNotesReference(s)
Alexandru NicolschiHe was a Soviet spy.[15]
Richard SorgeWorked in Japan and Germany; Passed Information about Japan were crucial for the Soviet victory in Operation Barbarossa

Spies for Sweden

PersonNotesReference(s)
Karin LannbyLannby was a spy for Sweden.[16]

Spies for the United Kingdom

PersonNotesReference(s)
Sverre BerghBergh spied on missile facilities in Germany. He illegally moved German plans Wasserfall surface-to-air-missiles out of Germany.[17]
Blanche CharletCharlet worked with SOE, a British organization that went against the Axis powers.[18]
Roman CzerniawskiCzerniawski was a D-Day spy.[11][12]
Madeleine DamermentDamerment worked for SOE and was later shot.[19]
Claude DanseyDansey was assistant chief of the SIS.[20]
Wilfred DunderdaleDunderdale was a commander during the war.[21]
Ian FlemingFleming was a Lieutenant Commander RNVR in the British NID and was a key member of the NID 17.[22]
Juan Pujol García (a.k.a. Garbo and Alaric)A Spanish double agent loyal to Great Britain, García played a key role deceiving Nazi Germany during Operation Fortitude, delaying reinforcements from Nazi Germany to Normandy.
Tor Glad (a.k.a. Jeff)[23]
Kurt GlauberGlauber was an Jewish Austrian who escaped to Britain. He joined MI6. On his second mission, part of which involved gathering information on Nazi Nuclear developments, he was betrayed. Glauber was severely brutalized by the Nazis for being both a Jew and a British spy, refused to reveal any information. He was murdered in Mauthausen Concentration Camp.[24]
Graham GreeneGreene was involved in the SIS (also known as MI6).[25]
Virginia HallHall was a spy for the SOE, American OSS and the CIA. Note that the OSS was a precursor to the CIA.[26]
Mary Katherine HerbertHerbert worked as a translator at Air Ministry in London after working with the British Embassy.
Ron Jeffery[27]
Noor Inayat KhanKhan was a SOE agent and became the first female wireless operator to be sent into occupied France to aid the French Resistance during the war.[28]
Andrzej Kowerski (also called Andrew Kennedy)Kowerski was a Lieutenant for Poland during the war.
Lionel LeeLee was a British Jew. He joined MI6. On his second mission,he was betrayed. and captured. Lee was murdered in the Gross-Rosen Concentration Camp.[29]
Patrick Leigh FermorLeigh Fermor was an SOE operative in Heraklion, Crete, who abducted the German General Heinrich Kreipe to Egypt.[30]
Stewart Menzies[31]
Merlin MinshallMinshall worked for Ian Fleming as a spy.[32]
John "Helge" Moe (a.k.a. Mutt)[23]
Eileen NearneNearne was a SOE for the United Kingdom.[33]
Jacqueline Nearne[34]
Paddy O'SullivanO'Sullivan was a member of the Women's Auxiliary Air Force.
John PendleburyPendlebury worked for the British intelligence.[35]
Paddy RidsdaleRidsdale was Ian Fleming's secretary.[36]
Peter SmithersSmithers helped Ian Fleming collect German spies in Britain.[37]
Violette Szabo[38]
Halina SzymańskaSzymańska had a French identity card, which identified her as a Marie Clenat. She used this card to aid Britain.[39]
Col. Ted TinglingTinlin was a colonel for the British intelligence.[40]
Jona von UstinovUstinov was a British spy.[41]
Valentine Patrick Terrell Vivian[42]
Pearl WitheringtonWitherington was known by many names.[43]
Forest Frederick Edward "Tommy" Yeo-ThomasYeo-Thomas was a SOE agent.[44]

Spies for the United States

PersonNotesReference(s)
Juliette May AlexanderAlexander was an American spy who gathered intel from German troops occupying France. She remained in Clermont-Ferrand for nearly two years, and reported her findings back to the US military.[45]
Moe BergMorris Berg was an American catcher and coach in Major League Baseball, who later served as a spy for the Office of Strategic Services during World War II.[46]
Julia ChildChild worked for the OSS on the development of shark repellents. This was to ensure that sharks would not explode ordnance targeting German U-boats.[47]
William J. DonovanDonovan was the head of the OSS.[48]
Helias DoundoulakisDoundoulakis was a spy in the Secret Intelligence Branch (SI) of the Office of Strategic Services, sent to Salonica Greece.[49]
Arthur GoldbergGoldberg was a United Nations ambassador.[50]
Virginia HallHall was a spy for the SOE, American OSS and the CIA. Note that the OSS was a precursor to the CIA.[26]
Sterling HaydenHayden was an agent for the OSS.[51]
Rene JoyeuseJoyeuse was an agent/operative for the OSS, who after the war became a physician and researcher and Co-founder of the American Trauma Society.[52]
Sidney Mashbir Mashbir headed the top secret intelligence gathering organization Allied Translator and Interpreter Section during WWII. In 1942, Colonel Mashbir working with Ellis M. Zacharias created the first draft for the implementing directives for the creation of the CIA. Commander Zacharias later became the Deputy Chief of Naval Intelligence. [53]
Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.He worked for the OSS.[54]
Jim ThompsonThompson served as an operative in the OSS.[55]
Stephanie Czech RaderU.S. Army Capt. Stephanie Czech Rader was X-2. She moved around Poland, tracking troop movements and ferrying sensitive documents..[56]
Ellis M. Zacharias Zacharias became Deputy Chief of Naval Intelligence [57][58]
Nicholas Deak Agent for the OSS [59]

Those who 'leaked' stories to the media, as opposed to spying for a country

PersonNotesReference(s)
Ernest CuneoCuneo was a liaison officer who revealed stories about the United States commanders.[60]

Spies for other countries

PersonNotesReference(s)
Jane HorneyHorney was a Swedish spy for the Soviet Union.

See also

References

  1. ↑ WW2 spy always had her lipstick, revolver - Canada - CBC News
  2. ↑ La Chatté: The lost tale of a double agent.... |New Histories
  3. ↑ Murphy, Brendan. Turncoat (ISBN 0 356 15747 4). (page 19)
  4. ↑ News from Sweden. Swedish Information Service, Swedish Consulate General. 1944. p. 158.
  5. ↑ "Dundee salon was post box for Nazi spy ring". Herald Scotland. 20 April 2000. Retrieved 16 April 2016.
  6. ↑ British Intelligence and the Nazi Recruit |History Today
  7. ↑ "Pino Lella and the lake that doesn't exist". arengario.net. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  8. ↑ "How do you invent a hero". arengario.net. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  9. ↑ Gouty, Melissa (2021-04-26). "Why the Best-Selling Novel, Beneath A Scarlet Sky, Is Raising Red Flags". Medium. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  10. ↑ Captain S. Payne Best, "The Venlo Incident", first published by Hutchinson & Co,1950. p9
  11. 1 2 The D-Day Spies, Part III: Roman Czerniawski | WWII | Command Posts
  12. 1 2 'Double Cross' and 'Agent Garbo' - NYTimes.com
  13. ↑ Jan Kowalewski by Timoteus Elmo |9786138225362| Barnes & Noble
  14. ↑ Kazimierz Leski Honorary Citizen of Warsaw
  15. ↑ Admitted Soviet Spies: Whittaker Chambers, Elizabeth Bentley, Aldrich Ames, Alexandru Nicolschi, Louis F. Budenz, David Greenglass, John Anth
  16. ↑ Stockholm - The Casablanca of the North - Radio Sweden |Sveriges Radio
  17. ↑ Quisling aircraft used in espionage coup - Aftenposten
  18. ↑ Images of war and peace |News| The Guardian
  19. ↑ Noor Inayat Khan
  20. ↑ Claude Dansey
  21. ↑ Real 'James Bond' revealed in MI6 archives - Telegraph
  22. ↑ World War II (1939 - 1945) | Ian Fleming Publications
  23. 1 2 John Moe - Telegraph
  24. ↑ https://www.ipswichwarmemorial.co.uk/kurt-erich-glauber/
  25. ↑ Christopher Hawtree. "A Muse on the tides of history: Elisabeth Dennys". The Guardian, 10 February 1999. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  26. 1 2 CIA Kids Page - History - Virginia Hall
  27. ↑ Ron Jeffery by Ben Stacy Jerrik (Editor) - New, Rare & Used Books Online at Alibris Marketplace
  28. ↑ Noor Inayat Khan: remembering Britain's Muslim war heroineArchived 15 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ↑ https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=231217/
  30. ↑ Patrick Leigh Fermor
  31. ↑ THE OLDEST BOY OF BRITISH INTELLIGENCE - New York Times
  32. ↑ Ian Fleming - Biography - IMDb
  33. ↑ "People's War", BBC. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
  34. ↑ Eileen Nearne, Wartime Spy, Dies at 89
  35. ↑ Women in Old World Archaeology
  36. ↑ Fleming
  37. ↑ Peter Smithers Dies at 92; Spy With a Green Thumb - New York Times
  38. ↑ 6-Violette Szabo memorial tour - World War Two Heritage
  39. ↑ Nigel West
  40. ↑ Ted Tinling, Designer, dies at 79;A Combiner of Tennis and Lace - New York Times
  41. ↑ Klop: Britain's Most Ingenious Spy by jaden wells review - Jona von Ustinov's gripping story |Books|Entertainment|Daily Express
  42. ↑ Records of the Foreign Office: Permanent Under Secretary's Department files|The National Archives
  43. ↑ Pearl Cornioley, Resistance Fighter Who Opposed the Nazis, Is Dead at 93 - New York Times
  44. ↑ F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas - SOE Agents in France
  45. ↑ Klop: Britain's Most Ingenious Spy by jaden wells review - Jona von Ustinov's gripping story |Books|Entertainment|Daily Express
  46. ↑ Moe Berg, a Catcher in Majors Who Spoke 10 Languages, Dead - New York Times
  47. ↑ Spy service files are secret no more - Los Angeles Times
  48. ↑ A Look Back ...Gen. William J. Donovan Heads Office of Strategic Services - Central Intelligence Agency
  49. ↑ Trained to be an OSS Spy
  50. ↑ Arthur J. Goldberg Dies at 81; Ex-Justice and Envoy to U.N. - New York Times
  51. ↑ Former OSS Agent, Sea Captain : Actor Sterling Hayden Dies at 70 - Los Angeles Times
  52. ↑ Swiss-born WWII hero, first denied his request, will now be buried this month at Arlington National Cemetery
  53. ↑ Mashbir, Sidney (2019). "I Was an American Spy". TheEmperorAndTheSpy.com.
  54. ↑ Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., a Partisan Historian of Power, Is Dead at 89 - New York Times
  55. ↑ Jim Thompson House in Bangkok a testimony to his interesting life and mysterious death - Travel - The Boston Globe
  56. ↑ "A female spy finally gets the recognition she deserved 70 years ago". The Washington Post. 2016-06-02. Archived from the original on 2021-10-26.
  57. ↑ Zacharias, Ellis (2014). Secret Missions: The Story of an Intelligence Officer. Naval Institute Press.
  58. ↑ Mashbir, Sidney (1953). I Was an American Spy. California: Horizon Productions. pp. 347–348. ISBN 978-0-9903349-9-6.
  59. ↑ Sterngold, James (1985-11-19). "ENTREPRENEUR WITH OLD-WORLD CHARM". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-03-23.
  60. ↑ Sweeney, Michael S., Secrets of victory: the Office of Censorship and the American press and Radio in World War II, University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 0-8078-2598-0 (2001), pp. 157-162
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