Graphic data for World Record Progression in Men and Women Swimming 50m-100m-200m Long and Short Course Butterfly-Backstroke-Breaststroke-Freestyle

This is a listing of the history of the World Record for the 50 backstroke swimming event. Swimming World Records are maintained by FINA, the international sports federation which oversees the sport. World Records are recognized only in meter-courses: long course (50m) and short course (25m). Like the other 50s of stroke (i.e. 50 breaststroke, 50 butterfly), World Record status/monitoring for this event first began in the 1990s.

Men

Long course

# Time NameNationalityDateMeetLocation Ref
WBT 25.13 Jeff Rouse United States 15 Apr 1993Robert Burns Invitational Edinburgh, United Kingdom
1 24.99 ttLenny Krayzelburg United States 28 Aug 1999Pan Pacific Championships Sydney, Australia
2 24.80 Thomas Rupprath Germany 27 Jul 2003World Championships Barcelona, Spain
3 24.47 h, †Liam Tancock Great Britain 2 Apr 2008British Championships Sheffield, United Kingdom [1]
4 24.33 Randall Bal United States 5 Dec 2008Dutch Swimming Cup Eindhoven, Netherlands [2]
5 24.08 sfLiam Tancock Great Britain 1 Aug 2009World Championships Rome, Italy
6 24.04 Liam Tancock Great Britain 2 Aug 2009World Championships Rome, Italy
7 24.00 Kliment Kolesnikov Russia 4 Aug 2018European Championships Glasgow, United Kingdom [3]
8 23.93 sfKliment Kolesnikov Russia 17 May 2021European Championships Budapest, Hungary [4][5]
9 23.80 Kliment Kolesnikov Russia 18 May 2021European Championships Budapest, Hungary
10 23.71 Hunter Armstrong United States 28 April 2022USA International Team Trials Greensboro, United States [6]
Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Short course

# Time NameNationalityDateMeetLocation Ref
1 25.10 Daichi Suzuki Japan 10 Feb 1990World Cup Bonn, West Germany [7]
# 24.66 Alexander Popov Russia 13 Mar 1994World Cup Desenzano, Italy
2 24.60 Franck Schott France 26 Mar 1994World Cup Paris, France
3 24.37 hJeff Rouse United States 12 Feb 1995World Cup Sheffield, United Kingdom
4 24.25 Chris Renaud Canada 28 Feb 1997CIAU Championships St. Catharines, Canada
5 24.13 Thomas Rupprath Germany 11 Dec 1998European 25m Championships Sheffield, United Kingdom
5= 24.13 Matt Welsh Australia 2 Sep 1999Australia 25m Nationals Canberra, Australia
6 24.12 Neil Walker United States 18 Nov 1999World Cup College Park, United States
7 24.11 Matt Welsh Australia 14 Jan 2000World Cup Hobart, Australia
8 24.04 hNeil Walker United States 13 Mar 2000Short Course Worlds Athens, Greece
9 23.42 sfNeil Walker United States 13 Mar 2000Short Course Worlds Athens, Greece
10 23.31 Matt Welsh Australia 2 Sep 2002Australia 25m Nationals Melbourne, Australia
11 23.27 Thomas Rupprath Germany 10 Dec 2004European 25m Championships Vienna, Austria [8]
12 23.24 Robert Hurley Australia 26 Oct 2008World Cup Sydney, Australia
13 23.05 Peter Marshall United States 12 Nov 2008World Cup Stockholm, Sweden [9]
14 22.87 Randall Bal United States 15 Nov 2008World Cup Berlin, Germany [10]
15 22.75 Peter Marshall United States 17 Oct 2009World Cup Durban, South Africa [11]
16 22.73 Peter Marshall United States 11 Nov 2009World Cup Stockholm, Sweden [12]
17 22.61 Peter Marshall United States 22 Nov 2009World Cup Singapore [13]
18 22.22 Florent Manaudou France 6 Dec 2014World Championships Doha, Qatar [14]
19 22.11 '#'Kliment Kolesnikov Russia 23 Nov 2022Solidarity Games Kazan, Russia [15]
Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Women

Long course

# Time NameNationalityDateMeetLocation Ref
1 29.00 Sandra Völker Germany 24 May 1997Mare Nostrum Monte Carlo, Monaco
2 28.78 sfSandra Völker Germany 12 Jun 1999Mare Nostrum Monte Carlo, Monaco
3 28.71 Sandra Völker Germany 1 Aug 1999European Championships Istanbul, Turkey
4 28.69 Nina Zhivanevskaya Spain 8 Apr 2000Spain Spring Nationals Madrid, Spain
5 28.67 Mai Nakamura Japan 25 Apr 2000Japan Championships Tokyo, Japan
6 28.25 hSandra Völker Germany 17 Jun 2000Germany Championships Berlin, Germany
7 28.19 Janine Pietsch Germany 25 May 2005Germany Championships Berlin, Germany
8 28.16 sfLeila Vaziri United States 28 Mar 2007World Championships Melbourne, Australia
8 28.16 =Leila Vaziri United States 29 Mar 2007World Championships Melbourne, Australia
9 28.09 Li Yang China 19 Oct 2007World Military Games Hyderabad, India
10 28.00 rHayley McGregory United States 7 Mar 2008Texas Senior Circuit Championships Austin, United States
11 27.95 sfEmily Seebohm Australia 22 Mar 2008Australia Championships Sydney, Australia
12 27.67 Sophie Edington Australia 23 Mar 2008Australia Championships Sydney, Australia [16]
12 27.67 =Zhao Jing China 9 Apr 2009China Championships Shaoxing, China [17]
13 27.61 Daniela Samulski Germany 26 Jun 2009Germany Championships Berlin, Germany [18]
14 27.39 sfDaniela Samulski Germany 29 Jul 2009World Championships Rome, Italy
15 27.38 sfAnastasia Zuyeva Russia 29 Jul 2009World Championships Rome, Italy
16 27.06 Zhao Jing China 30 Jul 2009World Championships Rome, Italy
17 26.98 Liu Xiang  China 21 Aug 2018Asian Games Jakarta, Indonesia [19]
18 26.86 Kaylee McKeown  Australia 20 October 2023World Cup Budapest, Hungary [20]
Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Short course

# Time NameNationalityDateMeetLocation Ref
WBT 28.47 Lei Xue China 9 Jan 1993World Cup Beijing, China
1 28.33 Sandra Völker Germany 16 Feb 1993World Cup Sheffield, United Kingdom
2 27.64 Xiuyu Bai China 13 March 1994World Cup Desenzano, Italy
3 27.27 Sandra Völker Germany 13 Dec 1998European Championships Sheffield, United Kingdom [21]
4 27.25 rHaley Cope United States 18 Mar 2000NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States [22]
5 26.83 Li Hui China 2 Dec 2001World Cup Shanghai, China [21]
6 26.50 Sanja Jovanović Croatia 15 Dec 2007European Championships Debrecen, Hungary
7 26.37 Sanja Jovanović Croatia 13 Apr 2008World Championships Manchester, United Kingdom [23]
8 26.23 Sanja Jovanović Croatia 13 Dec 2008European Championships Rijeka, Croatia
9 26.17 Marieke Guehrer Australia 6 Nov 2009World Cup Moscow, Russia
10 26.08 hZhao Jing China 10 Nov 2009World Cup Stockholm, Sweden [24]
11 25.82 Zhao Jing China 10 Nov 2009World Cup Stockholm, Sweden [25]
12 25.70 Sanja Jovanović Croatia 12 Dec 2009European Championships Istanbul, Turkey [26]
13 25.67 Etiene Medeiros Brazil 7 Dec 2014World Championships Doha, Qatar [27]
14 25.60 Kira Toussaint Netherlands 14 Nov 2020ISL Semifinal 1 Budapest, Hungary [28]
14= 25.60 Kira Toussaint Netherlands 18 Dec 2020Amsterdam Christmas Meet Amsterdam, Netherlands [29]
15 25.27 Maggie Mac Neil  Canada 20 Dec 2021World Championships Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates [30]
16 25.25 Maggie Mac Neil  Canada 16 December 2022World Championships Melbourne, Australia [31]
Legend: # – Record awaiting ratification by FINA;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

All-time top 25

Men long course

  • Correct as of September 2023[32]
Pos Time Swimmer Date Venue Ref
1 23.55 Kliment Kolesnikov (RUS)27 July 2023Kazan[33]
2 23.71 Hunter Armstrong (USA)28 April 2022Greensboro[34]
3 23.92 Justin Ress (USA)28 April 2022Greensboro[35]
4 24.00 Shaine Casas (USA)28 April 2022Greensboro[36]
5 24.04 Liam Tancock (GBR)2 August 2009Rome
6 24.07 Camille Lacourt (FRA)12 August 2010Budapest
7 24.12 Robert Glință (ROU)3 August 2018Glasgow
8 24.23 Mark Nikolaev (RUS)11 April 2019Kazan
9 24.24  Junya Koga (JPN)2 August 2009Rome
 Ryan Murphy (USA)27 July 2018Irvine
11 24.28 Pavel Samusenko (RUS)19 April 2023Kazan[37]
12 24.29 Vladimir Morozov (RUS)3 August 2018Glasgow
13 24.32 Shane Ryan (IRL)3 August 2018Glasgow
14 24.33 Randall Bal (USA)5 December 2008Eindhoven
15 24.34 Johannes Zandberg (RSA)2 August 2009Rome
16 24.36  Apostolos Christou (GRE)15 August 2022Rome[38]
 Pieter Coetze (RSA)13 April 2023Gqeberha[39]
18 24.38  Isaac Cooper (AUS)10 March 2023Sydney[40]
 Xu Jiayu (CHN)25 September 2023Hangzhou[41]
20 24.39 Michael Andrew (USA)21 June 2019Rome
21 24.40 Thomas Ceccon (ITA)15 August 2022Rome[38]
22 24.43 Zane Waddell (RSA)28 July 2019Gwangju
23 24.44  Daniel Orzechowski (BRA)24 April 2012Rio de Janeiro
 Ksawery Masiuk (POL)2 September 2022Lima[42]
25 24.45 Jérémy Stravius (FRA)3 August 2013Barcelona

Notes

Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 24.45:

  • Kliment Kolesnikov also swam 23.80 (2021), 23.93 (2021), 24.00 (2018), 24.08 (2021), 24.12 (2023), 24.23 (2021), 24.25 (2018, 2021), 24.35 (2019), 24.40 (2018), 24.42 (2023).
  • Hunter Armstrong also swam 24.01 (2022), 24.05 (2023), 24.14 (2022), 24.16 (2022, 2023), 24.20 (2023), 24.30 (2023), 24.41 (2023).
  • Justin Ress also swam 24.05 (2022), 24.10 (2023), 24.12 (2022), 24.14 (2022), 24.18 (2023), 24.21 (2023), 24.24 (2022, 2023), 24.31 (2018), 24.35 (2023), 24.41 (2017).
  • Liam Tancock also swam 24.08 (2009).
  • Camille Lacourt also swam 24.23 (2015), 24.27 (2015), 24.30 (2017), 24.30 (2010), 24.35 (2017), 24.36 (2011), 24.37 (2014), 24.39 (2013), 24.42 (2013).
  • Junya Koga also swam 24.28 (2014), 24.29 (2009), 24.36 (2015), 24.44 (2017).
  • Vladimir Morozov also swam 24.35 (2018), 24.40 (2019), 24.43 (2018, 2019).
  • Apostolos Christou also swam 24.39 (2022).
  • Xu Jiayu also swam 24.41 (2023), 24.42 (2017).
  • Robert Glință also swam 24.42 (2021).
  • Isaac Cooper also swam 24.44 (2022).
  • Michael Andrew also swam 24.45 (2019).
  • Shaine Casas also swam 24.45 (2022).
  • Pavel Samusenko also swam 24.45 (2022).

Men short course

  • Correct as of December 2023[43]
Pos Time Swimmer Date Venue Ref
1 22.11 Kliment Kolesnikov (RUS)23 November 2022Kazan[44]
2 22.22 Florent Manaudou (FRA)6 December 2014Doha[45]
3 22.49 Mark Nikolaev (RUS)28 December 2021Saint Petersburg[46]
4 22.52 Isaac Cooper (AUS)15 December 2022Melbourne[47]
5 22.53 Ryan Murphy (USA)25 November 2021Eindhoven[48]
6 22.55 Guilherme Guido (BRA)26 October 2019Budapest
7 22.58 Evgeny Rylov (RUS)14 December 2018Hangzhou[49]
8 22.61 Coleman Stewart (USA)28 August 2021Naples[50]
 Peter Marshall (USA)22 November 2009Singapore
10 22.62 Michele Lamberti (ITA)3 November 2021Kazan[51]
11 22.65 Lorenzo Mora (ITA)17 December 2022Melbourne[52]
12 22.70 Xu Jiayu (CHN)3 November 2018Hangzhou
13 22.72 Dylan Carter (TRI)4 November 2022Indianapolis[53]
14 22.74  Kacper Stokowski (POL)15 December 2022Melbourne[54]
16 December 2022Melbourne[55]
 Stanislav Donets (RUS)26 November 2010Netherlands
 Robert Glință (ROM)3 November 2021Kazan[56]
17 22.75 Miron Lifintsev (RUS)17 December 2023Saint Petersburg[57]
18 22.76 Christian Diener (GER)18 October 2020Budapest
 Shane Ryan (IRL)14 December 2018Hangzhou[49]
20 22.78 Pavel Samusenko (RUS)17 December 2023Saint Petersburg[58]
21 22.81 Junya Koga (JPN)8 December 2016Windsor
22 22.82 Pavel Sankovich (BLR)19 November 2017Singapore
23 22.84  Gabriel Fantoni (BRA)20 December 2021Abu Dhabi[59]
 Pieter Coetze (RSA)16 December 2022Melbourne[60]
 Mewen Tomac (FRA)6 December 2023Ostopeni[61]

Notes

Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 22.84:

  • Kliment Kolesnikov also swam 22.31 (2022), 22.42 (2023), 22.47 (2021), 22.57 (2021), 22.64 (2019), 22.75 (2019), 22.76 (2021), 22.77 (2018), 22.82 (2018), 22.83 (2017).
  • Ryan Murphy also swam 22.54 (2020), 22.56 (2021), 22.61 (2022), 22.63 (2018, 2021), 22.64 (2022), 22.73 (2018), 22.74 (2022), 22.75 (2020), 22.76 (2020), 22.79 (2021), 22.80 (2020), 22.83 (2020).
  • Evgeny Rylov also swam 22.59 (2021), 22.68 (2018), 22.76 (2020), 22.80 (2020).
  • Guilherme Guido also swam 22.60 (2021, 2021), 22.68 (2018), 22.73 (2021), 22.75 (2018), 22.77 (2019), 22.79 (2018), 22.82 (2019).
  • Michele Lamberti also swam 22.65 (2021), 22.79 (2021).
  • Mark Nikolaev also swam 22.70 (2021).
  • Jiayu Xu also swam 22.71 (2018).
  • Peter Marshall also swam 22.73 (2009), 22.75 (2009).
  • Isaac Cooper also swam 22.66 (2022), 22.73 (2022), 22.79 (2022).
  • Stanislav Donets also swam 22.76 (2009), 22.79 (2009), 22.80 (2009).
  • Coleman Stewart also swam 22.76 (2020), 22.84 (2020).
  • Kacper Stokowski also swam 22.78 (2022).
  • Lorenzo Mora also swam 22.81 (2022).
  • Pavel Samusenko also swam 22.81 (2021).
  • Shane Ryan also swam 22.82 (2021).
  • Pavel Sankovich also swam 22.84 (2017).
  • Christian Diener also swam 22.84 (2021).

Women long course

  • Correct as of October 2023[62]
Pos Time Swimmer Date Venue Ref
1 26.86 Kaylee McKeown (AUS)20 October 2023Budapest[63]
2 26.98 Liu Xiang (CHN)21 August 2018Jakarta
3 27.06 Zhao Jing (CHN)30 July 2009Rome
4 27.10  Kira Toussaint (NED)10 April 2021Eindhoven
 Regan Smith (USA)26 July 2023Fukuoka[64]
6 27.11 Fu Yuanhui (CHN)6 August 2015Kazan
7 27.12 Katharine Berkoff (USA)28 April 2022Greensboro[65]
8 27.14  Etiene Medeiros (BRA)27 July 2017Budapest
9 27.18 Kylie Masse (CAN)6 April 2022Victoria[66]
10 27.19 Kathleen Dawson (GBR)18 May 2021Budapest[67]
11 27.20 Lauren Cox (GBR)27 July 2023Fukuoka[68]
12 27.21 Georgia Davies (GBR)4 August 2018Glasgow
13 27.23  Daniela Samulski (GER)30 July 2009Rome
 Aliaksandra Herasimenia (BLR)27 July 2017Budapest
 Anastasia Fesikova (RUS)4 August 2018Glasgow
16 27.27 Analia Pigrée (FRA)14 August 2022Rome[69]
17 27.28 Gao Chang (CHN)30 July 2009Rome
18 27.33  Olivia Smoliga (USA) 25 July 2019Gwangju
28 April 2022Greensboro[70]
19 27.35 Wang Xueer (CHN)25 September 2023Hangzhou[71]
20 27.37  Emily Seebohm (AUS)27 July 2017Budapest
 Ingrid Wilm (CAN)21 May 2023Monaco[72]
22 27.38 Mollie O'Callaghan (AUS)12 March 2023Sydney[73]
23 27.39 Silvia Scalia (ITA)13 August 2022Rome[74]
24 27.41 Wan Letian (CHN)25 September 2023Hangzhou[75]
25 27.42 Mimosa Jallow (FIN)4 August 2018Glasgow

Notes

Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 27.42:

  • Kaylee McKeown also swam 26.98 (2023), 27.02 (2023), 27.08 (2023), 27.16 (2021), 27.24 (2023), 27.26 (2023), 27.31 (2023), 27.38 (2021), 27.41 (2021).
  • Regan Smith also swam 27.11 (2023), 27.14 (2023), 27.25 (2023), 27.29 (2022), 27.31 (2023), 27.40 (2022).
  • Katharine Berkoff also swam 27.13 (2023), 27.27 (2023), 27.38 (2023), 27.39 (2022), 27.40 (2022, 2023).
  • Fu Yuanhui also swam 27.15 (2017), 27.16 (2018), 27.18 (2015), 27.19 (2017), 27.21 (2017), 27.22 (2013), 27.36 (2017), 27.39 (2013), 27.40 (2013).
  • Kira Toussaint also swam 27.18 (2021), 27.22 (2021), 27.36 (2021), 27.37 (2020).
  • Etiene Medeiros also swam 27.18 (2017), 27.26 (2015), 27.36 (2019), 27.37 (2014), 27.38 (2015), 27.41 (2015).
  • Kylie Masse also swam 27.22 (2022), 27.26 (2022), 27.28 (2023), 27.31 (2022, 2022), 27.38 (2023), 27.41 (2023).
  • Georgia Davies also swam 27.23 (2018).
  • Analia Pigrée also swam 27.29 (2022), 27.40 (2022).
  • Zhao Jing also swam 27.29 (2013).
  • Kathleen Dawson also swam 27.29 (2021).
  • Lauren Cox also swam 27.29 (2023).
  • Anastasia Fesikova also swam 27.31 (2009, 2018), 27.37 (2018), 27.38 (2009).
  • Liu Xiang also swam 27.35 (2019), 27.36 (2020), 27.40 (2018).
  • Gao Chang also swam 27.38 (2009).
  • Ingrid Wilm also swam 27.39 (2022), 27.41 (2023).
  • Daniela Samulski also swam 27.39 (2009).
  • Aliaksandra Herasimenia also swam 27.40 (2016).
  • Mollie O'Callaghan also swam 27.42 (2023).

Women short course

  • Correct as of December 2023[76]
Pos Time Swimmer Date Venue Ref
1 25.25 Maggie Mac Neil (CAN)16 December 2022Melbourne[77]
2 25.49 Mollie O'Callaghan (AUS)17 December 2022Melbourne[78]
3 25.54 Claire Curzan (USA)16 December 2022Melbourne[79]
4 25.60  Kira Toussaint (NED) 14 November 2020Budapest
18 December 2020Amsterdam
 Maria Kameneva (RUS)24 November 2022Kazan[80]
6 25.62 Kylie Masse (CAN)20 December 2021Abu Dhabi[81]
7 25.67 Etiene Medeiros (BRA)4 December 2014Doha
8 25.70 Sanja Jovanović (CRO)12 December 2009Istanbul
9 25.74 Olivia Smoliga (USA)16 October 2020Budapest
10 25.81 Minna Atherton (AUS)26 October 2019Budapest
11 25.82 Zhao Jing (CHN)10 November 2009Stockholm
12 25.83  Emily Seebohm (AUS)7 December 2014Doha
 Louise Hansson (SWE)19 December 2021Abu Dhabi[82]
14 25.85 Julie Kepp Jensen (DEN)15 December 2022Melbourne[83]
15 25.88 Katharine Berkoff (USA)17 December 2021Abu Dhabi[84]
16 25.92 Gao Chang (CHN)27 February 2010Tokyo
17 25.95 Katinka Hosszú (HUN)16 December 2017Denmark
18 25.96 Analia Pigrée (FRA)20 December 2021Abu Dhabi[85]
19 25.97 Maaike de Waard (NED)19 December 2021Abu Dhabi[86]
20 25.98  Ali DeLoof (USA)9 September 2021Naples
 Marieke Guehrer (AUS)10 November 2009Stockholm
22 25.99  Caroline Pilhatsch (AUT)15 December 2018Hangzhou
 Holly Barratt (AUS)26 October 2019Budapest
24 26.00  Béryl Gastaldello (FRA)7 December 2019United Kingdom
 Kaylee McKeown (AUS)27 November 2020Brisbane

Notes

Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 26.00:

  • Maggie MacNeil also swam 25.27 (2022), 25.64 (2022), 25.84 (2021), 25.92 (2021), 25.98 (2021).
  • Kira Toussaint also swam 25.62 (2020), 25.64 (2020), 25.73 (2020), 25.75 (2019, 2020), 25.79 (2020, 2021), 25.81 (2021), 25.82 (2023), 25.83 (2020), 25.84 (2019), 25.89 (2021), 25.91 (2021), 25.96 (2020), 25.99 (2021).
  • Claire Curzan also swam 25.60 (2022), 25.75 (2022).
  • Mollie O'Callaghan also swam 25.61 (2022), 25.69 (2022), 25.99 (2022).
  • Olivia Smoliga also swam 25.75 (2020), 25.83 (2020), 25.85 (2020), 25.88 (2018), 25.89 (2019, 2020), 25.93 (2020), 25.97 (2018).
  • Kylie Masse also swam 25.81 (2022), 25.84 (2021, 2022), 25.92 (2021), 25.94 (2022), 25.96 (2021), 25.97 (2021, 2022).
  • Etiene Medeiros also swam 25.82 (2016), 25.95 (2018), 25.99 (2014), 26.00 (2016).
  • Louise Hansson also swam 25.86 (2021, 2022), 25.91 (2021), 25.99 (2022), 26.00 (2022).
  • Emily Seebohm also swam 25.87 (2014).
  • Zhao Jing also swam 25.95 (2012).
  • Minna Atherton also swam 25.95 (2021), 25.99 (2019).
  • Katinka Hosszú also swam 25.96 (2014), 25.99 (2016).
  • Maaike de Waard also swam 25.99 (2021).
  • Gao Chang also swam 26.00 (2010).

References

  1. ↑ "Tancock Posts New World Record". British Swimming. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
  2. ↑ "WR: Bal Clocks 24.33 50m Back In Eindhoven". SwimNews.com. 5 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
  3. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). MicroPlus Timing. 4 August 2018. Retrieved 4 Aug 2018.
  4. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Semifinals Results" (PDF). microplustiming.com. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  5. ↑ "Video. Men's 50m Backstroke Semifinal". JoshSwimz. 17 May 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  6. ↑ USA Swimming (28 April 2022). "Phillips 66 International Team Trials: Mens 50m Backstroke Final Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  7. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-22. Retrieved 2018-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ↑ "Thomas Rupprath recorded 23.23 on December 1 2002 in Goslar Germany in medley relay, but time not ratified".
  9. ↑ "Peter Marshall breaks world 50m backstroke record" (PDF). 12 November 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  10. ↑ "Randall Bal breaks world 50m backstroke record" (PDF). 15 November 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2008-11-15.
  11. ↑ "Results Men's 50m Backstroke" (PDF). OmegaTiming.com. 17 October 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-22. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
  12. ↑ "Results Men's 50m Backstroke" (PDF). OmegaTiming.com. 11 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-22. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
  13. ↑ "Results Men's 50m Backstroke" (PDF). OmegaTiming.com. 11 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-25. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
  14. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Results". Omega Timing. 6 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  15. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke results" (PDF). Russia Swimming. 23 November 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  16. ↑ "Edington breaks 50m backstroke world record". The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
  17. ↑ Craig Lord (9 April 2009). "WR: Zhao Equals Edington's 50m Back 27.67". SwimNews.com. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  18. ↑ "Samulski 'WR' Highlights Fast-Suits Farce". SwimNews.com. 26 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
  19. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results". asiangames2018.id. 21 August 2018. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  20. ↑ "Video Women's 50m Backstroke Final". World Aquatics. 20 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  21. 1 2 (scm-w) Women's 50 Back results - prelims from the Shanghai meet of the 2001–02 World Cup (showing the World and Cup records that day: the results from Finals show Li as having set and holding the World record. Published by Omega Timing on 2001-12-02, retrieved 2012-03-27.
  22. ↑ "Women's NCAA Championships – Day 2". www.swimnews.com. 18 March 2000. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  23. ↑ "WR: Jovanovic – 26.37 50m Backstroke". swimnews.com. 13 April 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-06-03. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
  24. ↑ "FINA/ARENA Swimming World Cup 2009: Stockholm (SWE): Women's 50m Backstroke Heats Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-22. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
  25. ↑ "FINA/ARENA Swimming World Cup 2009: Stockholm (SWE): Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-22. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
  26. ↑ "European Short Course Swimming Championships Istanbul 2009: Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 12 December 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-12-28. Retrieved 2009-12-12.
  27. ↑ "Brazil's Etiene Medeiros Breaks 50 Backstroke World Record in Doha". swimswam.com. 12 July 2014. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
  28. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Results" (PDF). omegatiming.com. 14 November 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  29. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Results" (PDF). swimswam.com. 18 December 2020. p. 5. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  30. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  31. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  32. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Long Course All-Time Ranking". FINA. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  33. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Semifinals Results" (PDF). russwimming.ru. 27 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  34. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  35. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  36. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
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  38. 1 2 "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Microplus Informatica. 15 August 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  39. ↑ Dan D'Adonna (13 April 2023). "Rebecca Meder, Olivia Nel Break South African Records; Chad le Clos Wins 13th 200 Fly Title". Swimming World. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  40. ↑ "2023 NSW State Open Championships Results" (PDF). nsw.swimming.org.au. 13 March 2023. p. 33. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  41. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). hangzhou2022.cn. 25 September 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  42. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 2 September 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  43. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Long Course All-Time Ranking". World Aquatics. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  44. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke results" (PDF). Russia Swimming. 23 November 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  45. ↑ FINA (6 December 2014). "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  46. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). salnikovcup.ru. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  47. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Semi-Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  48. ↑ ISL (25 November 2021). "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  49. 1 2 FINA (14 December 2018). "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  50. ↑ ISL (28 August 2021). "Men's 50m Backstroke Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  51. ↑ LEN (3 November 2021). "Results 4x50m Medley Relay Men Final". Microplus Informatica. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
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  54. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Semi-Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  55. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
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  58. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). salnikovcup.ru. 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  59. ↑ "Men's 4 × 50 m Medley Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  60. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  61. ↑ "Men's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
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  64. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Semifinal Results Summary" (PDF). Omega Timing. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  65. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  66. ↑ "Women's 100m Backstroke Final Results". swimontario.com. 6 April 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
  67. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Semifinals Results" (PDF). microplustiming.com. 18 May 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  68. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 27 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
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  73. ↑ "2023 NSW State Open Championships Results" (PDF). nsw.swimming.org.au. 13 March 2023. p. 106. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
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  76. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Short Course All-Time Ranking". World Athletics. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
  77. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  78. ↑ "Women's 4 × 50 m Medley Relay Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 17 December 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
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  80. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). russwimming.ru. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  81. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  82. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Semifinals Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 19 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  83. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Heats Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  84. ↑ "Women's 4 × 50 m Medley Relay Heats Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  85. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Final Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  86. ↑ "Women's 50m Backstroke Semifinals Results" (PDF). Omega Timing. 19 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
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