1978 French legislative election
France
12 March 1978 (first round)
19 March 1978 (second round)
All 491 seats in the National Assembly
246 seats needed for a majority
Turnout82.78% (first round)
84.66% (second round)
PartyLeader % Seats +/–
RPR Jacques Chirac 22.63 150 −35
PS François Mitterrand 22.59 104 +14
UDF Jean Lecanuet 21.46 124 +15
PCF Georges Marchais 20.55 86 +13
DIV – 2.78 1 −1
MP – 2.40 16 +2
MRG Robert Fabre 2.11 10 −1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Raymond Barre
UDF		 Raymond Barre
UDF

Legislative elections were held in France on 12 and 19 March 1978 to elect the sixth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.

On 2 April 1974 President Georges Pompidou died. The non-Gaullist center-right leader Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was elected to succeed him. Because the Gaullist UDR was the largest party in the pro-Giscard majority in the Assembly, Giscard chose Jacques Chirac to lead the cabinet. This period was one of renovation for Gaullism.

The presidential will to "govern towards the center" and to promote a "modern liberal society" disconcerted the Gaullist party. The Abortion Act and the reduction of the age of majority to 18 years worried a part of the conservative electorate. Furthermore, a personal conflict opposed the two heads of the executive. In August 1976, Chirac resigned because he considered that he "(had) not the means to carry on (his) function of Prime Minister".

Three months later, the UDR was replaced by the Rally for the Republic (Rassemblement pour la République or RPR). This, Chirac's electoral machine, was officially a member of the Presidential Majority, but frequently criticized the liberal and pro-European policy of President Giscard d'Estaing and his new Prime minister Raymond Barre. The executive duo reacted by federating the non-Gaullist center-right in the Union for French Democracy (Union pour la démocratie française or UDF).

While the right-wing majority was divided and the economic situation deteriorated, the "Union of Left" won the mid-term local elections. According to the polls, it was the favourite to win the legislative election. In his Verdun-sur-le-Doubs speech, President Giscard d'Estaing warned the French voters that he could not prevent the enforcement of the left-wing Common programme if the "Union of Left" won. However, Socialists and Communists did not update their Common programme due to increasing tension between the two parties resulting from the PS gaining in electoral success at the PCF's expense.

For the first time since 1936, the Socialists obtained more votes than the Communists. Furthermore, the French electorate appeared evenly shared between four equivalent political parties (RPR, UDF, PS, PCF). Raymond Barre was confirmed as Prime Minister. Until the 2007 elections, it was the last time that either the right or the left had won back-to-back legislative elections.

Results

PartyFirst roundSecond roundTotal
seats
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Rally for the Republic6,462,46222.63316,651,75626.11119150
Socialist Party6,451,15122.5917,212,91628.31103104
Union for French Democracy6,128,84921.46265,907,60323.1998124
French Communist Party5,870,40220.5544,744,86818.628286
Far-left953,0883.3400
Miscellaneous793,2742.78057,4180.2311
Presidential majority684,9852.406305,7631.201016
Ecologists612,1002.1400
Radical Movement of the Left603,9322.110595,4782.341010
Total28,560,243100.006825,475,802100.00423491
Valid votes28,560,24398.0025,475,80297.21
Invalid/blank votes581,7362.00730,9082.79
Total votes29,141,979100.0026,206,710100.00
Registered voters/turnout35,204,15282.7830,956,07684.66
Source: Roi et President, IPU, Quid

References

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