2024 Punjab provincial election
8 February 2024
297 out of 371 seats in the Punjab Assembly[lower-alpha 1]
186 seats needed for a majority
Registered73,207,896
 
Leader Maryam Nawaz
Party PML(N)
Leader since 3 January 2023
Leader's seat Lahore-XVI
Lahore-XVII
Lahore-XXII
Last election 31.88%, 164 seats
Current seats 167
Seats needed Increase 19
Map of Punjab with Provincial Assembly constituencies
Incumbent Chief Minister

Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi
PML(Q)


Provincial elections will be held in the Pakistani province of Punjab on 8 February 2024 to elect a new provincial legislature. On 5 August 2023, the results of the 2023 digital census were approved by the Council of Common Interests headed by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Therefore, elections have been delayed for several months, as new delimitations will be published on 14 December 2023, as announced by the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP).[1][2] On 2 November 2023, the ECP announced, in agreement with the President of Pakistan, Arif Alvi, that the elections will be held on 8 February 2024.[3] This election will be held concurrently with nationwide general elections and other provincial elections.

Background

In the 2018 election, the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) emerged as the largest party in the Provincial Assembly of Punjab after 25 independents joined it. However, the PTI was still 2 seats short of a majority. After the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML(Q)) agreed to support the PTI, they formed a coalition government in the province.[4] The Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML(N)) emerged as the second largest party and formed the opposition.

During a political crisis in Pakistan after the successful no-confidence motion against Prime Minister Imran Khan, another motion of no confidence was filed against Chief Minister Usman Buzdar, as well as against Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi and Dost Muhammad Mazari, the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Provincial Assembly, respectively. Buzdar resigned before a vote on the motion of no confidence could be held and as a consequence, an election for a new Chief Minister was scheduled on 16 April between PML(N)'s Hamza Shahbaz, the joint candidate of the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM), and PML(Q)'s Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi, the joint candidate of his party and PTI. On the day of the election, 25 PTI MPAs crossed the floor to support Shahbaz, violating party policy. During the very beginning of the Assembly session on 16 April, a riot began between PTI and PML-N supporters. PTI MPAs threw ewers at the Deputy Speaker, as well as slapping him. The police entered the Assembly for the first time in its history and arrested 3 MPAs.[5] The Deputy Speaker then presided over the Assembly session in the visitors gallery and declared Shahbaz the winner by securing 197 votes.[6]

After the floor crossing, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) de-seated 25 dissident PTI MPAs for defection in the light of Article 63-A of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on 20 May 2022.[7] Five of these MPAs were elected on reserved seats (3 for women and 2 for minorities) and new PTI MPAs were notified on these seats on 7 July.[8]

By-elections were held on 17 July 2022 to elect the remaining 20 members. The PTI won in a landslide, emerging victorious on 15 of those 20 seats, leading to the collapse of Chief Minister Hamza Shahbaz's PML-N led coalition government, as their coalition became 7 seats short of a majority.[9] Elahi took oath as the Chief Minister of Punjab on 27 July 2022, leading a PTI-PML(Q) coalition government.

On 12 January 2023, after winning a vote of confidence the night before, Elahi sent a letter to Governor Baligh Ur Rehman, advising him to dissolve the Provincial Assembly. Rehman excused himself from the dissolution process and after 48 hours, the Assembly automatically stood dissolved. Elections must be conducted within 90 days of the dissolution, meaning by or before 14 April 2023.[10][11]

On 22 January 2023, Mohsin Raza Naqvi took oath as the caretaker Chief Minister of Punjab. He was nominated by the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) after days of deadlock between the government and the opposition over who to nominate.[12]

On 10 February 2023, after weeks of no announcement of an election date, the Lahore High Court (LHC) ordered the ECP to immediately announce the date for the elections to "ensure that [they] are held not later than ninety days as per the mandate of the Constitution".[13]

On 20 February 2023, the ECP had still not announced the date for the election. Therefore, President Arif Alvi decided to unilaterally appoint 9 April 2023 as the election date.[14]

On 1 March 2023, in a 3-2 split verdict, the Supreme Court ruled that President Alvi's order of appointing an election date was "constitutionally competent", as the Assembly was dissolved without the order of Governor Rehman. However, the verdict further stated that due to the delays in the announcement of the election date, 9 April may not be a feasible election date. Therefore, the ECP was ordered to immediately propose a date with the "minimum possible delay" to the President and after consultation, the latter shall announce a date for the election.[15][16]

As a result of the verdict, on 3 March 2023, the ECP had suggested the dates of 30 April to 7 May to President Alvi and on the same day, the latter announced that the provincial election will be held on 30 April 2023.[17]

On 22 March 2023, in violation of the Supreme Court's verdict, the ECP postponed the provincial election to 8 October 2023, stating that it had arrived at the conclusion that it could not hold the elections "honestly, justly, fairly, in a peaceful manner and in a accordance with the Constitution and law".[18]

On 25 March 2023, Sibtain Khan, the Speaker of the Provincial Assembly of Punjab, filed a constitutional petition on behalf of the PTI against the ECP's decision. Additionally, a contempt of court petition was also filed against the ECP.[19] On 4 April, the Supreme Court ruled that the ECP's decision to postpone the polls was unconstitutional and itself fixed 14 May 2023 as the new date for the election.[20]

Despite the orders of the Supreme Court, the ECP had not conducted the elections on 14 May and had instead petitioned the Supreme Court to review its 4 April decision, claiming that they "[don't] have the authority to give the date of elections".[21]

Ban on PTI from contesting as a party

On 22 December 2023, the ECP decided against letting the PTI retain its electoral symbol, arguing that the party had failed to hold intra-party elections. On 22 December, the PTI approached the Peshawar High Court (PHC) against the ECP's order and hence, a single-member bench suspended the ECP's order until 9 January 2024. On 30 December 2023, the ECP filed a review application within the PHC, and days later, a two-member bench withdrew the suspension order as it heard the case. However, on 10 January 2024, the two-member bench had declared the ECP's order to be "illegal, without any lawful authority, and of no legal effect. On 11 January, the ECP challenged this ruling in the Supreme Court, and on 13 January, a three-member bench ruled in favor of the ECP and stripped the PTI of its electoral symbol. As a consequence of this ruling, the PTI could not allot party tickets to any of its candidates. Therefore, all candidates of the party will be listed as independent candidates and each will have a different electoral symbol.[22]

Schedule

The schedule of the election was announced by the Election Commission of Pakistan on 15 December 2023.[23]

Sr no Poll Event Schedule
1 Public Notice Issued by the Returning Officers 19 December 2023
2 Dates of filing Nomination papers with the Returning Officers by the candidates 20 December 2023 to 24 December 2023
3 Publication of names of the nominated candidates. 24 December 2023
4 Last date of scrutiny of nomination papers by the Returning Officer 25 December 2023 to 30 December 2023
5 Last date of filing appeals against decisions of the Returning Officer rejecting/accepting nomination papers. 3 January 2024
6 Last date for deciding of appeals by the Appellate Tribunal 10 January 2024
7 Publication of revised list of candidates 11 January 2024
8 Last date of withdrawal of candidate and publication of revised list of candidates 12 January 2024
9 Allotment of election symbol to contesting candidates 13 January 2024
10 Date of Polling and Counting of Votes 8 February 2024

Electoral system

The 371 seats of the Punjab Assembly consist of 297 general seats, whose members are elected by the first-past-the-post voting system runs through single-member constituencies. 66 seats are reserved for women and 8 seats are reserved for non-Muslims. The members on these seats are elected through proportional representation based on the total number of general seats secured by each political party.

Campaign

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf

Joining of former PML(Q) MPAs

A day after the Assembly was dissolved, the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML(Q)) Punjab president and outgoing Chief Minister, Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi, hinted at a possible merger of the PML(Q) with the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). As a consequence, the president of the PML(Q) and former Prime Minister, Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain, who is also Elahi's cousin, issued him a show-cause notice and suspended his party membership. On the other hand, the office-bearers of the PML(Q)'s electoral college authorized Elahi to take decisions on behalf of the party, in regards to the potential merger.[24]

On 21 February 2023, after failing in his attempts to merge the PML(Q) with the PTI, Elahi, along with all other nine former PML(Q) MPAs, joined the PTI.[25]

General campaign

The PTI announced that it would start its election campaign on 8 March 2023. Imran Khan, the former Prime Minister and the Chairman of the PTI, stated that party workers will start arranging corner meetings and rallies across all districts of Punjab. Khan also said that he will suggest solutions to problems caused by the incumbent PDM-led federal government.[26][27]

On 8 March 2023, the PTI attempted to start its campaign by taking out a rally from Khan's residence at Zaman Park to Data Darbar. However, just prior to the start of the rally, a ban on public gatherings was imposed in the provincial capital of Lahore and dozens were taken into police custody for violating the ban. Due to the increased violence, Khan called off the rally. One PTI worker, Ali Bilal, also lost his life in the violence, with Khan claiming the Punjab police had murdered Bilal.[28]

On 12 March 2023, Khan once more announced to hold a rally in Lahore but a ban on public gatherings by the PTI was again imposed in the city. The PTI was finally allowed to hold the rally on 13 March 2023 starting from Khan's residence at Zaman Park to Data Darbar. Moreover, in his address to thousands of party workers and rally attendees, Khan announced that the party would hold a grand "power show" at the Minar-e-Pakistan on 19 March.[29][30][31]

On 19 March, the Pakistan Muslim League (Z), a minor political party based in Bahawalnagar, was merged into the PTI by its president, Ijaz-ul-Haq, the son of the former President of Pakistan Zia-Ul-Haq.[32]

On 23 March, the Awami Raj Party, a minor political party based in Muzaffargarh, was merged into the PTI by its chairman and leader Jamshed Dasti.[33]

On 25 March, after two postponements, the PTI held its public rally at the Minar-e-Pakistan. Imran Khan had delivered a lengthy speech where he outlined a 10-point programme which he said would pull Pakistan out of its economic crisis. This programme included policies such as promoting tourism, expanding the minerals sector, reintroducing welfare programs, and enlarging the tax net.[34]

On 20 April, the PTI had finalised a list candidates for most of the 297 constituencies of the Provincial Assembly.[35]

Opinion polls

In the run up to the 2023 Pakistani general elections, various organizations have been carrying out opinion polling to gauge voting intention throughout Pakistan and the approval rating of the civilian Pakistani government, led by Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. The results of such polls are displayed in this section. The date range for these opinion polls are from the previous general election, held on 25 July 2018, to the present day.

Punjab Assembly Voting intention

The results in the tables below (excluding the column on undecided voters and non-voters) exclude survey participants who said they wouldn't vote or they didn't know who they would vote for and add up to 100%. In polls that include undecided voters or non-voters, percentages are adjusted upwards in order to make the total equal 100%. Ma Hurgins of error are also adjusted upwards at the same rate to account for the increase.

Polling firm Last date
of polling		 Link PTI PML(N) PPP TLP Other Ind. Lead Sample
size		 Undecideds &
Non-voters[lower-alpha 2]
Republic Policy November 2023 [36][37] 60% 25% 15% 35% N/A N/A[lower-alpha 3]
Republic Policy (Lahore District) 15 October 2023 [38][39] 61% 22% 0% 8% 9% 39% 6,850+ N/A[lower-alpha 3]
Gallup Pakistan 30 June 2023 PDF 49% 33% 5% 7% 6% 16% 3,500 N/A[lower-alpha 3]
Iris Communications 5 April 2023 PDF 51% 35% 6% 6% 3% 16% N/A N/A[lower-alpha 3]
Republic Policy 25 March 2023 [40] 68% 18% 3% 6% 5% 50% 86,359 N/A[lower-alpha 3]
PA 14 January 2023 The Provincial Assembly is dissolved and the scheduled snap election called by ECP is postponed by Central Government to coincide with General Elections on 8 Feb 2024
Oct 2022 By-elections 16 October 2022 49.0% 42.5% 7.0% 1.5% 6.3% 351,267 6,483
Jul 2022 By-elections 17 July 2022 [41] 46.8% 39.5% 5.54% 7.85% 7.3% 2,240,465 1.59
NA 11-12 April 2022Imran Khan is removed from office in a no-confidence motion
IPOR (IRI) 21 March 2022 PDF 34% 42% 6% 2% 16% 8% ~1,900 N/A[lower-alpha 3]
Gallup Pakistan 31 January 2022 PDF 35% 43% 7% 3% 9% 3% 8% ~3,100 31%
IPOR (IRI) 9 January 2022 PDF 31% 46% 5% 3% 15% 15% 2,035 N/A[lower-alpha 3]
IPOR (IRI) 11 November 2020 PDF 26% 39% 5% 2% 27% 1% 13% 1,089 N/A[lower-alpha 3]
2018 Elections 25 July 2018 ECP 33.6% 31.7% 5.4% 5.7% 4.8% 18.8% 1.9% 33,218,101 N/A

Results

Result by Party

Party Popular vote Seats
General Reserved Total +/−
Votes % ±pp Contested Won Women Non-Muslims
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
Pakistan Muslim League (Q)
Pakistan People’s Party
Istehkam-e-Pakistan Party
Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan
Independents
Others
Total 100% 297 66 8 371
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast/ turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters 73,207,896

Results by Region

Region Seats PTI PML(N) PML(Q) PPP IPP IND Others
North Punjab 25
Central Punjab 177
South Punjab 95
Total 297

Results by division

Division Seats PTI PML(N) PML(Q) PPP IPP IND Others
Rawalpindi 25
Gujrat 19
Gujranwala 28
Sargodha 13
Mianwali 10
Faisalabad 38
Lahore 52
Sahiwal 20
Multan 34
Bahawalpur 31
Dera Ghazi Khan 30
Total 297

Results by district

Division District Seats PTI PML(N) PML(Q) PPP IPP IND Others
Rawalpindi Attock 5
Murree 1
Rawalpindi 14
Chakwal 2
Jhelum 3
Gujrat Gujrat 8
Wazirabad 4
Mandi Bahauddin 4
Hafizabad 3
Gujranwala Sialkot 10
Narowal 5
Gujranwala 11
Sargodha Sargodha 10
Khushab 3
Mianwali Talagang 2
Mianwali 4
Bhakkar 4
Faisalabad Chiniot 4
Faisalabad 21
Toba Tek Singh 6
Jhang 7
Lahore Nankana Sahib 4
Sheikhupura 9
Lahore 30
Kasur 9
Sahiwal Okara 8
Pakpattan 5
Sahiwal 7
Multan Khanewal 8
Multan 13
Lodhran 5
Vehari 8
Bahawalpur Bahawalnagar 8
Bahawalpur 10
Rahim Yar Khan 13
Dera Ghazi Khan Kot Addu 4
Muzaffargarh 8
Layyah 5
Taunsa 3
Dera Ghazi Khan 5
Rajanpur 5
Total 297

Results by constituency

District Constituency Winner Runner Up Margin
No. Name Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %
Attock 1 Attock-I
2 Attock-II
3 Attock-III
4 Attock-IV
5 Attock-V
Murree 6 Murree
Rawalpindi 7 Rawalpindi-I
8 Rawalpindi-II
9 Rawalpindi-III
10 Rawalpindi-IV
11 Rawalpindi-V
12 Rawalpindi-VI
13 Rawalpindi-VII
14 Rawalpindi-VIII
15 Rawalpindi-IX
16 Rawalpindi-X
17 Rawalpindi-XI
18 Rawalpindi-XII
19 Rawalpindi-XIII
20 Rawalpindi-XIV
Chakwal 21 Chakwal-I
22 Chakwal-II
Talagang 23 Chakwal-cum-Talagang
24 Talagang
Jhelum 25 Jhelum-I
26 Jhelum-II
27 Jhelum-III
Gujrat 28 Gujrat-I
29 Gujrat-II
30 Gujrat-III
31 Gujrat-IV
32 Gujrat-V
33 Gujrat-VI
34 Gujrat-VII
Sialkot 35 Sialkot-I
36 Sialkot-II
37 Sialkot-III
38 Sialkot-IV
39 Sialkot-V
40 Sialkot-VI
41 Sialkot-VII
42 Sialkot-VII
43 Sialkot-IX
44 Sialkot-X
45 Sialkot-XI
Narowal 46 Narowal-I
47 Narowal-II
48 Narowal-III
49 Narowal-IV
50 Narowal-V
Wazirabad 51 Wazirabad-I
52 Wazirabad-II
Gujranwala 53 Gujranwala-I
54 Gujranwala-II
55 Gujranwala-III
56 Gujranwala-IV
57 Gujranwala-V
58 Gujranwala-VI
59 Gujranwala-VII
60 Gujranwala-VIII
61 Gujranwala-IX
62 Gujranwala-X
63 Gujranwala-XI
64 Gujranwala-XII
Mandi Bahauddin 65 Mandi Bahauddin-I
66 Mandi Bahauddin-II
67 Mandi Bahauddin-III
68 Mandi Bahauddin-IV
Hafizabad 69 Hafizabad-I
70 Hafizabad-II
71 Hafizabad-III
Sargodha 72 Sargodha-I
73 Sargodha-II
74 Sargodha-III
75 Sargodha-IV
76 Sargodha-V
77 Sargodha-VI
78 Sargodha-VII
79 Sargodha-VIII
80 Sargodha-IX
81 Sargodha-X
Khushab 82 Khushab-I
83 Khushab-II
84 Khushab-III
Mianwali 85 Mianwali-I
86 Mianwali-II
87 Mianwali-III
88 Mianwali-IV
Bhakkar 89 Bhakkar-I
90 Bhakkar-II
91 Bhakkar-III
92 Bhakkar-IV
Chiniot 93 Chiniot-I
94 Chiniot-II
95 Chiniot-III
96 Chiniot-IV
Faisalabad 97 Faisalabad-I
98 Faisalabad-II
99 Faisalabad-III
100 Faisalabad-IV
101 Faisalabad-V
102 Faisalabad-VI
103 Faisalabad-VII
104 Faisalabad-VIII
105 Faisalabad-IX
106 Faisalabad-X
107 Faisalabad-XI
108 Faisalabad-XII
109 Faisalabad-XIII
110 Faisalabad-XIV
111 Faisalabad-XV
112 Faisalabad-XVI
113 Faisalabad-XVII
114 Faisalabad-XVIII
115 Faisalabad-XIX
116 Faisalabad-XX
117 Faisalabad-XXI
Toba Tek Singh 118 Toba Tek Singh-I
119 Toba Tek Singh-II
120 Toba Tek Singh-III
121 Toba Tek Singh-IV
122 Toba Tek Singh-V
123 Toba Tek Singh-VI
Jhang 124 Jhang-I
125 Jhang-II
126 Jhang-III
127 Jhang-IV
128 Jhang-V
129 Jhang-VI
130 Jhang-VII
Nankana Sahib 131 Nankana Sahib-I
132 Nankana Sahib-II
133 Nankana Sahib-III
134 Nankana Sahib-IV
Sheikhupura 135 Sheikhupura-I
136 Sheikhupura-II
137 Sheikhupura-III
138 Sheikhupura-IV
139 Sheikhupura-V
140 Sheikhupura-VI
141 Sheikhupura-VII
142 Sheikhupura-VIII
143 Sheikhupura-IX
Lahore 144 Lahore-I
145 Lahore-II
146 Lahore-III
147 Lahore-IV
148 Lahore-V
149 Lahore-VI
150 Lahore-VII
151 Lahore-VIII
152 Lahore-IX
153 Lahore-X
154 Lahore-XI
155 Lahore-XII
156 Lahore-XIII
157 Lahore-XIV
158 Lahore-XV
159 Lahore-XVI
160 Lahore-XVII
161 Lahore-XVIII
162 Lahore-XIX
163 Lahore-XX
164 Lahore-XXI
165 Lahore-XXII
166 Lahore-XXIII
167 Lahore-XXIV
168 Lahore-XXV
169 Lahore-XXVI
170 Lahore-XXVII
171 Lahore-XXVIII
172 Lahore-XXIX
173 Lahore-XXX
Kasur 174 Kasur-I
175 Kasur-II
176 Kasur-III
177 Kasur-IV
178 Kasur-V
179 Kasur-VI
180 Kasur-VII
181 Kasur-VIII
182 Kasur-IX
Okara 183 Okara-I
184 Okara-II
185 Okara-III
186 Okara-IV
187 Okara-V
188 Okara-VI
189 Okara-VII
190 Okara-VIII
Pakpattan 191 Pakpattan-I
192 Pakpattan-II
193 Pakpattan-III
194 Pakpattan-IV
195 Pakpattan-V
Sahiwal 196 Sahiwal-I
197 Sahiwal-II
198 Sahiwal-III
199 Sahiwal-IV
200 Sahiwal-V
201 Sahiwal-VI
202 Sahiwal-VII
Khanewal 203 Khanewal-I
204 Khanewal-II
205 Khanewal-III
206 Khanewal-IV
207 Khanewal-V
208 Khanewal-VI
209 Khanewal-VII
210 Khanewal-VIII
Multan 211 Multan-I
212 Multan-II
213 Multan-III
214 Multan-IV
215 Multan-V
216 Multan-VI
217 Multan-VII
218 Multan-VIII
219 Multan-IX
220 Multan-X
221 Multan-XI
222 Multan-XII
223 Multan-XIII
Lodhran 224 Lodhran-I
225 Lodhran-II
226 Lodhran-III
227 Lodhran-IV
228 Lodhran-V
Vehari 229 Vehari-I
230 Vehari-II
231 Vehari-III
232 Vehari-IV
233 Vehari-V
234 Vehari-VI
235 Vehari-VII
236 Vehari-VIII
Bahawalnagar 237 Bahawalnagar-I
238 Bahawalnagar-II
239 Bahawalnagar-III
240 Bahawalnagar-IV
241 Bahawalnagar-V
242 Bahawalnagar-VI
243 Bahawalnagar-VII
244 Bahawalnagar-VIII
Bahawalpur 245 Bahawalpur-I
246 Bahawalpur-II
247 Bahawalpur-III
248 Bahawalpur-IV
249 Bahawalpur-V
250 Bahawalpur-VI
251 Bahawalpur-VII
252 Bahawalpur-VIII
253 Bahawalpur-IX
254 Bahawalpur-X
Rahim Yar Khan 255 Rahim Yar Khan-I
256 Rahim Yar Khan-II
257 Rahim Yar Khan-III
258 Rahim Yar Khan-IV
259 Rahim Yar Khan-V
260 Rahim Yar Khan-VI
261 Rahim Yar Khan-VII
262 Rahim Yar Khan-VIII
263 Rahim Yar Khan-IX
264 Rahim Yar Khan-X
265 Rahim Yar Khan-XI
266 Rahim Yar Khan-XII
267 Rahim Yar Khan-XIII
Kot Addu 268 Kot Addu-cum-Muzaffargarh
269 Kot Addu-I
270 Kot Addu-II
271 Kot Addu-III
Muzaffargarh 272 Muzaffargarh-I
273 Muzaffargarh-II
274 Muzaffargarh-III
275 Muzaffargarh-IV
276 Muzaffargarh-V
277 Muzaffargarh-VI
278 Muzaffargarh-VII
279 Muzaffargarh-VIII
Layyah 280 Layyah-I
281 Layyah-II
282 Layyah-III
283 Layyah-IV
284 Layyah-V
Taunsa 285 Taunsa-I
286 Taunsa-II
287 Taunsa-cum-Dera Ghazi Khan
Dera Ghazi Khan 288 Dera Ghazi Khan-I
289 Dera Ghazi Khan-II
290 Dera Ghazi Khan-III
291 Dera Ghazi Khan-IV
292 Dera Ghazi Khan-V
Jampur 293 Jampur-I
294 Jampur-II
Rajanpur 295 Rajanpur-I
296 Rajanpur-II
297 Rajanpur-III


See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 66 seats are reserved for women and 8 are reserved for non-Muslims filled through Proportional representation
  2. ↑ This is a column that lists the percentage of undecided voters and non-voters in certain polls that publish this data. As some polls do not publish any data whatsoever on undecided voters and non-voters, the columns with survey participants that had a preference when polled are all that is needed to reach 100%. In surveys that do include data on non-voters and undecided voters, a scaling factor is applied to the margin of error and the rest of the data (for example, if the number of undecideds and non-voters equals 20%, each party would have their vote share scaled up by a factor of 100/80 (the formula is 100/(100-UndecidedPercentage)). This is done to keep consistency between the different polls and the different types data they provide.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 This poll or crosstabulation did not include any data about undecided voters or non-voters and cut them out completely from the published results.

References

  1. ↑ "Pakistan's general election may be delayed by new census". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  2. ↑ Sadozai, Irfan (2023-08-17). "Election delay all but certain as ECP decides to go for fresh delimitation". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  3. ↑ Sadozai, Irfan; Guramani, Nadir; Bhatti, Haseeb; Momand, Abdullah (2023-11-02). "President, ECP agree on holding elections on Feb 8". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-11-02.
  4. ↑ "PML-Q to hold talks with PTI at Bani Gala today, sources claim". The Express Tribune. 2018-07-29. Retrieved 2022-09-15.
  5. ↑ Khawaja, Naseer (2022-04-16). "Punjab Assembly: Police enters house, takes MPAs into custody after brawl". ARY NEWS. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  6. ↑ Sheikh, Adnan (2022-04-16). "Hamza Shehbaz elected Punjab CM after garnering 197 votes in session marred by melees, chaos". Dawn. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  7. ↑ Chaudhry, Fahad (2022-05-20). "ECP de-seats 25 dissident PTI MPAs for defection". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  8. ↑ Virk, Saqib; Malik, Hasnaat (2022-07-07). "PTI bags five reserved seats in PA". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
  9. ↑ "Pakistan: Former PM Imran Khan stuns rivals with Punjab by-election upset". BBC News. 2022-07-18. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
  10. ↑ Farooq, Umar (12 January 2023). "CM Elahi signs summary for dissolving Punjab Assembly". DAWN News. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  11. ↑ Sheikh, Adnan (14 January 2023). "Punjab Assembly stands dissolved as governor decides "to not become part of process"". Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  12. ↑ Sadozai, Irfan (22 January 2023). "Mohsin Naqvi sworn in as Punjab caretaker chief minister". DAWN News. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  13. ↑ Bilal, Rana (10 February 2023). "LHC orders ECP to immediately announce Punjab election date". DAWN News. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
  14. ↑ Siddiqui, Naveed (20 February 2023). "President Alvi unilaterally announces April 9 as Punjab, KP election date". DAWN News. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  15. ↑ Bhatti, Haseeb; Iqbal, Nasir (1 March 2023). "Elections in Punjab, KP to be held in 90 days, rules SC in 3-2 verdict". DAWN News.
  16. ↑ Khan, Iftikhar A (4 March 2023). "Punjab to vote on April 30, KP awaits poll date". DAWN News. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  17. ↑ Sadozai, Irfan (3 March 2023). "Elections in Punjab on April 30, announces President Alvi". DAWN News. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  18. ↑ Guramani, Nadir (22 March 2023). "ECP postpones Punjab elections till October 8". DAWN News. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  19. ↑ Habib, Rashid (2023-03-25). "PTI challenges postponement of Punjab, KP elections in SC". ARY NEWS. Retrieved 2023-03-25.
  20. ↑ Bhatti, Haseeb (2023-04-04). "SC fixes May 14 as new Punjab poll date after ruling ECP's order to delay elections 'unconstitutional'". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-04-04.
  21. ↑ "Supreme Court to take up ECP review petition on Punjab election today". Geo.tv. 2023-05-14. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  22. ↑ Bhatti, Haseeb (2024-01-13). "PTI bat-tered, loses iconic electoral symbol as SC restores ECP order". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  23. ↑ Sadozai, Irfan (2023-12-15). "ECP issues election schedule for Feb 8 general polls". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-12-15.
  24. ↑ Raza, Syed Irfan (17 January 2023). "'Q'-PTI merger plan lands Elahi in trouble". DAWN News. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  25. ↑ Farooq, Umar (21 February 2023). "Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi joins PTI with 10 former PML–Q MPAs". DAWN News. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  26. ↑ "Imran Khan announces election campaign from Saturday". The Nation. 2023-03-01. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
  27. ↑ Malik, Mansoor (7 March 2023). "Imran to kick off poll campaign tomorrow". DAWN News. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  28. ↑ Waqar, Ali; Farooq, Umar; Riaz, Wasim (8 March 2023). "PTI says worker killed in police crackdown in Lahore following imposition of Section 144". DAWN News. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  29. ↑ Web Desk (2023-03-13). "Imran announces jalsa at Minar-e-Pakistan on Sunday". Aaj English TV. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  30. ↑ Dawn.com (2023-03-13). "Imran announces Minar-i-Pakistan power show on Sunday as twice-delayed PTI rally finally taken out". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  31. ↑ "Imran revs up poll campaign as he hits the road today". The Express Tribune. 2023-03-11. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  32. ↑ Dawn.com (2023-03-19). "PML-Z's Ijazul Haq joins PTI after party merger". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
  33. ↑ "Jamshed Dasti joins PTI ahead of Punjab polls". The Express Tribune. 2023-03-23. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
  34. ↑ Malik, Mansoor (26 March 2023). "'Rulers have not plan' – Imran lays out own recovery roadmap". DAWN News. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  35. ↑ Malik, Mansoor (2023-04-20). "On eve of deadline, PTI picks 297 candidates to contest Punjab polls". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  36. ↑ https://republicpolicy.com/an-overview-of-the-methodology-of-the-survey-of-republic-policy/
  37. ↑ https://republicpolicy.com/pti-is-the-most-popular-political-party-in-the-province-of-punjab-an-overview-of-the-survey-report-of-republic-policy/
  38. ↑ Desk (2023-10-17). "A Report on the National Assembly Survey of Lahore District". Republic Policy. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  39. ↑ Desk (2023-10-17). "A Report on the National Assembly Survey of Lahore District". Republic Policy. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  40. ↑ Desk (2023-04-17). "Preliminary Report on the Survey of republicpolicy.com". Republic Policy. Retrieved 2023-12-06.
  41. ↑ "2022 Punjab provincial by-election Result Dashboard- dunyanews.tv". Dunya News. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
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