21 cm L/35
Type
Place of originGerman Empire
Service history
In service1890–1936
Used by
Wars
Production history
DesignerKrupp
Designed1886
ManufacturerKrupp
Produced1890
VariantsNo. 1 and No. 2
Specifications
Mass
  • No. 1: 13.9 t (15.3 short tons)
  • No. 2: 14.6 t (16.1 short tons)
Length7.3 m (23 ft 11 in)
Barrel length6.7 m (22 ft 0 in)
Shell weight140 kg (310 lb)
Caliber209.3 mm (8.24 in) 35 caliber
Muzzle velocity
  • No. 1: 548 m/s (1,800 ft/s) with 43 kg (95 lb) propellant charge
  • No. 2: 580 m/s (1,900 ft/s) with 54 kg (119 lb) propellant charge[1]

The 21 cm L/35 were a family of German naval artillery developed in the years before World War I and used in limited numbers. This gun armed warships of the Argentine Navy, Imperial Chinese Navy, Royal Danish Navy, Imperial Japanese Navy and Royal Netherlands Navy before and after World War I.[2] It was used in the First Sino-Japanese War, Boxer Rebellion and a ship captured by Japan in the Sino-Japanese War was later used in the Russo-Japanese War.

History

In 1886, Krupp designed the 21 cm L/35 and started production for export customers in 1890. The 21 cm L/35 was produced in two models the No. 1 and No. 2. The main difference between the two guns was their weight, rifling, propellant charges and muzzle velocities. Otherwise their overall length and ammunition were the same.[3]

The 21 cm came in different variants:[4]

  • Model 1880: L25, L30, L35
  • Model 1887: L35, L40
  • Model 1889: L40, L50

Argentina

China

  • Jingyuan – two 21 cm L/35 guns mounted in a forward barbette
  • Laiyuan – two 21 cm L/35 guns mounted in a forward barbette
  • Jiyuan – two 21 cm L/35 guns mounted in a forward barbette

Denmark

  • HDMS Valkyrien – one shielded 21 cm L/35 gun fore and one shielded 21 cm L/35 gun aft

Netherlands

The Dutch navy used:[4]

  • 21 cm A No. 1 = Model 1880/L35
  • 21 cm A No. 2 = Model 1887/L35[5][6]

The 21 cm A No. 1 was used on:

The 21 cm A No. 2 was used on:

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.
  2. ↑ "GR 8.2in 21 cm 35cal Krupp Single". navalhistory.flixco.info.
  3. ↑ Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.
  4. 1 2 Artillerist 1910, p. 65.
  5. 1 2 Reinier Claeszen 1891, p. 92.
  6. 1 2 Prinses Wilhelmina 1891, p. 40.
  7. ↑ Departement van Marine 1894, p. 86.
  8. ↑ Departement van Marine 1894, p. 100.
  9. ↑ Departement van Marine 1894, p. 89.

Bibliography

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