Abdallah Ibrahim
President of the Governing Council of Morocco and Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
16 December 1958 – 20 May 1960
MonarchMohammed V
Preceded byAhmed Balafrej
Succeeded byMohammed V (as President of the Governing Council)
Driss M'Hammedi (as Minister of Foreign Affairs)
Personal details
Born(1918-08-24)24 August 1918
Tameslouht near Marrakesh, Morocco
Died11 September 2005(2005-09-11) (aged 87)
Casablanca, Morocco
Political partyIstiqlal Party
National Union of Popular Forces

Abdallah Ibrahim (Arabic: عبد الله إبراهيم; 24 August 1918, in Tameslouht – 11 September 2005, in Casablanca) was a Moroccan politician and a figure of the national movement and was the left-wing Prime Minister of Morocco between December 16, 1958, and May 20, 1960.[1][2][3] He was the 3rd prime minister of Morocco and served under king Mohammed V.[4][5] He also served as the foreign minister from 1958 to 1960.

Early life

He was born in Tameslouht, a village near Marrakech into a modest and respected family. His father, a Sharif (descendant of the Prophet), lived from the fur trade. He attended the Ben Youssef Madrasa, which will host future resistance leaders such as, Basri, Bensaid, Jebli, but also the trade unionist Noubir Amaoui and the Islamist leader Abdesslam Yassine. At that time, Marrakech lived under the de facto rule of the famous Thami El Glaoui. The curfew, established since the advent of the protectorate (1912), will be maintained there until independence.[6]

It was then that Abdellah gave the measure of his talents. An excellent organizer, tireless, with an unfailing sense of secrecy, he irrigated the city with a network of patriotic cells, particularly among the craftsmen who gave the colonial authorities a hard time. Its efficiency is matched only by its availability. "He took care of people's problems - administration, health, school, justice... - and helped them solve them, recalls Abdeslam Jebli.[6]

At the age of sixteen he was imprisoned for nationalist activities. In 1936, he was a member of the national council of the national party, while being involved in the trade union.[6]

Before independence

On September 24, 1937, during the visit of a French Deputy Minister to whom the Resident General wanted to show the successes of the protectorate, he organized a demonstration bringing together tens of thousands of poor people in order to show the "true face" of colonial Morocco.[7] In 1937, he was exiled to Taroudant as part of the repression of resident Charles Noguès.[8]

Convinced that the working class must be the vanguard of the movement for Independence, he participated in the creation of the Moroccan Workers' Union.[7] He is one of the 59 signatories of the independence manifesto of January 11, 1944 and a founding member of the Istiqlal Party.[9][10][11] He is the editor of the party newspaper, Al-Alam.[12]

In 1945, he enrolled at the Sorbonne in Paris where he rubbed shoulders with, among others, André Breton, Jean-Paul Sartre and Louis Aragon. In 1956, he held the post of Minister of Labour in the first post-independence government then that as Minister of Employment and Social Affairs in the second.[13][14]

In 1951, he was sent to the Sahara for three months for disturbing public order in Marrakesh. Following the return from exile of Mohammed V and as part of the transition to independence negotiated with France during the La Celle-Saint-Cloud agreements, he became, on 7 December 1955, Secretary of State delegated to the President of the Council, in charge of Information in the first Mbarek Bekkay government. However, he was hostile to the restoration of an absolute monarchy and supported the Moroccan Liberation Army.[7][15]

After independence

While the French protectorate in Morocco officially ended on March 2, 1956, Abdallah Ibrahim continued to serve in the first Bekkay government. Despite compromises and disputes with certain ministers, many of whom were imposed on him, he applied a pro-poor social-democratic program, launched an ambitious public economic sector, and worked out of foreign military bases established in Morocco.[16] However, he was fired by his personal enemy, the future Hassan II, after seeking to expel an American officer appointed to the cabinet of the Minister of the Interior.[17]

He became, on October 26, 1956, Minister of Labor and Social Affairs in the second. After not having held any office in the Balafrej government (started on May 12, 1958), he was finally appointed, on December 24, 1958, as President of the Council of Government by King Mohammed V in concomitance with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He occupied that post until he was removed from office, May 20, 1960 . The king himself became the President of the Council of the new government as of May 27.[18]

In 1959, he approved the creation of the National Union of Popular Forces (UNFP), with among others Mehdi Ben Barka and Abderrahim Bouabid. He was elected secretary general at the second congress. The UNFP had divergences between its leaders. The rupture became permanent, and the majority wing changed the name of the party to the Socialist Union of the Popular Forces during the extraordinary congress of 1975, Abderrahim Bouabid was elected First Secretary. This name change was considered necessary to eliminate any amalgam. Abdallah Ibrahim remained at the helm of the former UNFP. It put its political activities on the back burner, refusing to participate in all electoral processes launched since 1976.[19]

Death

He died on September 11, 2005, at the age of 87. Ibrahim had left political life a long time ago, but, obviously, he had not left the memory of Moroccans. At his funeral, everyone was there: Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco, veterans of the Resistance, party leaders, stars of civil society.[6][20]

Awards

See also

  • Nizar Ibrahim: Moroccan-German paleontologist and grandson of Abdallah Ibrahim.

References

  1. ↑ "Political Leaders:Morocco". Archived from the original on 25 May 2012.
  2. ↑ fr:Abdallah Ibrahim
  3. ↑ "Zakya Daoud signs a biography dedicated to Abdallah Ibrahim". Moroccan Ladies. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  4. ↑ "رؤساء الحكومة السابقون". www.cg.gov.ma (in Arabic). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  5. ↑ "Livre: l'histoire des rendez-vous manqués d'Abdallah Ibrahim". Maroc Diplomatique (in French). 7 January 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Abdellah Ibrahim ou la mauvaise conscience du Maroc – Jeune Afrique". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 ibrahim, abdallah. "abdallah ibrahim". orient xxi. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
  8. ↑ hespress (4 March 2020). "حكومة عبد الله ابراهيم". ويكي المغرب: المغرب بالمغربية (in Arabic). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  9. ↑ MATIN, LE. "Le Mouvement national en deuil, Abdallah Ibrahim n'est plus". Le Matin (in French). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  10. ↑ الاستقلال, Istiqlal Maroc Parti-حزب. "Manifeste de l'indépendance du 11 Janvier 1944". Portail du Parti de l'Istiqlal Maroc (in French). Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  11. ↑ "Le Maroc célèbre le Manifeste de l'Indépendance - Archive". www.yabiladi.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  12. ↑ Daoud, Zakya (2019). Abdallah Ibrahim: l'histoire des rendez-vous manqués (2e édition ed.). Casablanca: La Croisée des Chemins. ISBN 978-9920-769-06-8.
  13. ↑ "Parution de la traduction française de "Contre vents et marées" de Abdallah Ibrahim". Médias24 (in French). 12 March 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  14. ↑ "Feu Abdallah Ibrahim, "Contre vents et marrées"". ALBAYANE (in French). 14 March 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  15. ↑ "Hassan II Vs Abdellah Ibrahim, histoire d'un coup d'Etat". Telquel.ma (in French). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  16. ↑ "LE NOUVEAU GOUVERNEMENT MAROCAIN comprendrait plusieurs personnalités il la "gauche" de l'Istiqlal Abdallah Ibrahim le militant." Le Monde.fr (in French). 18 December 1958. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  17. ↑ "عبد الله ابراهيم، الرجل الذي ترأس أول حكومة مغربية مجهضة". الموقع الإلكتروني لحزب العدالة والتنمية. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  18. ↑ "Histoire: 32 gouvernements ont dirigé le Maroc indépendant, voici les plus marquants". Le360.ma. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  19. ↑ "Les médias espagnols et l'effondrement du récit anti-marocain". Atalayar (in French). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  20. ↑ "حكومة عبد الله إبراهيم". al3omk.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
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