Anhanguerids
Temporal range: Early-Late Cretaceous,
Anhanguera santanae skeleton
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Pterosauria
Suborder: Pterodactyloidea
Clade: Anhangueria
Family: Anhangueridae
Campos & Kellner 1985
Type species
Anhanguera blittersdorffi
Campos & Kellner, 1985
Subgroups

Anhangueridae is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea.[1] They were among the last pterosaurs to possess teeth. A recent study discussing the group considered the Anhangueridae to be typified by a premaxillary crest and a lateral expansion in the distal rostrum. The same study presented a cladistic analysis, for which an "agreement subtree" was calculated. The Anhangueridae was found to be sister taxon to the large crested Tropeognathus.[2]

Relationships

There are competing theories of ornithocheiromorph phylogeny (evolutionary relationships). Below is cladogram following a topology recovered by Brian Andres, using the most recent iteration of his data set.[3]

Anhangueridae

Aerodraco sedgwickii

Liaoningopterus gui

Anhanguera

Anhanguera robustus

Anhanguera piscator

Anhanguera blittersdorffi

The cladogram below follows Pêgas et al. (2019), who recovered Anhangueridae as a much more inclusive group. The analysis found most of the ornithocheirids falling into this family, while Ornithocheirus itself was recovered as a basal member of Ornithocheirae.[4]

Anhangueria
Hamipteridae

Hamipterus

Iberodactylus

Anhangueridae

Tropeognathus

Coloborhynchinae

Coloborhynchus

Siroccopteryx

Uktenadactylus

Anhanguerinae

Caulkicephalus

Guidraco

Ludodactylus

Anhanguera

Liaoningopterus

Cearadactylus

Maaradactylus

The clagogram below is reproduced from Richards et al., (2023), who based their data matrix on the data matrix in Holgado and Pêgas, (2020). In the paper they erect the clade Mythungini which comprises all Australian tropeognathines.[5]

Anhangueridae
Coloborhynchinae

Aerodraco

Coloborhynchus

Nicorhynchus

Uktenadactylus

Anhanguerinae

Ludodactylus

Caulkicephalus

Guidraco

Liaoningopterus

Cearadactylus

Maaradactylus

AMNH 22555

Anhanguera

Tropeognathinae

Siroccopteryx

Tropeognathus

Amblydectes

Mythungini

Ferrodraco

Thapunngaka

Mythunga

References

  1. Campos, D. A. & Kellner, Alexander W. A. (1985). "Panorama of the flying reptiles study in Brazil and South America". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 57: 453–466.
  2. Rodrigues, Taissa & Kellner, Alexander W. A. (2013). "Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England". ZooKeys (308): 1–112. doi:10.3897/zookeys.308.5559. PMC 3689139. PMID 23794925.
  3. Andres, B. (2021). "Phylogenetic systematics of Quetzalcoatlus Lawson 1975 (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchoidea)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41: 203–217. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1801703. S2CID 245078533.
  4. Pêgas, Rodrigo V.; Holgado, Borja & Leal, Maria Eduarda C. (2019). "On Targaryendraco wiedenrothi gen. nov. (Pterodactyloidea, Pteranodontoidea, Lanceodontia) and recognition of a new cosmopolitan lineage of Cretaceous toothed pterodactyloids". Historical Biology. 33 (8): 1266-1280. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1690482. S2CID 209595986.
  5. Richards, Timothy; Stumkat, Paul; Salisbury, Steven (6 October 2023). "A second specimen of the pterosaur Thapunngaka shawi from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) Toolebuc Formation of North West Queensland, Australia". Cretaceous Research. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105740. Retrieved 7 October 2023.


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