Bắc Hà dog
Other namesVietspitz
OriginVietnam
Traits
Height Males 52-58 cm
Females 50-56 cm
Weight Males 22-28 kg
Females 18-24 kg
Coat Double
Kennel club standards
Vietnam Kennel Association standard
Dog (domestic dog)

The Bắc Hà dog (Vietnamese: chó Bắc Hà), is a medium size spitz dog breed and one of Vietnam's Four Great National Dogs (Vietnamese: tứ đại quốc khuyển).[1][2] This primitive dog breed is primarily used a hunter and guard dog by the Hmong people in northern Vietnam, especially in the Bắc Hà district and Si Ma Cai district of Lào Cai province.[2][3] While not recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, the Bắc Hà dog is recognized by the Vietnam Kennel Association.[4]

History

Hmong Migration Routes

While much of the Bắc Hà dog's history is speculative, they are thought to be descended from heavier-coated mountain dogs of southern China who accompanied the Hmong in their migration to Vietnam.[5][2] Hmong traditions reports that the Hmong people themselves originated near the Yellow River region of China.[6] The Hmong people were subjected to persecution and genocide by the Qing dynasty in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and many fled to the mountains of northern Vietnam.[5]

According to Hmong legend, after arriving to Lào Cai, a dhole came down from the mountains and mated with the female dogs, producing puppies with red fur and especially wild and fierce temperaments. These puppies were the first Bắc Hà dogs.[7]

In October 2020, a Bắc Hà dog named Sói won the Vietnamese Native Breeds Championship Dog Show.[3]

Characteristics

Appearance

The bắc Hà is a medium-sized dog breed. An adult male dog is usually 55 - 60 cm tall and weighs about 19 - 26 kg. Female dogs are usually smaller, about 50 - 55 cm tall and weigh about 16 - 23 kg. The bắc Hà has a large, round skull and a flat and broad forehead. The dog's ears are triangular, face down and wide at the base. The Poodle's eyes are almond-shaped, round and have thick rims. Dogs have long crests around their necks and erect hair all over their bodies. The dog's coat is monochromatic, usually yellow brown, dark brown, black or white.

Behavior

Like other hunting and guarding breeds, the Bắc Hà is fiercely loyal and protective of their family members, with a prowess for agility that serves them well on treacherous mountain terrain. They’re highly intelligent and quick to pick up commands, and despite being placid, they’re not afraid to fight intruders when necessary.

References

  1. ↑ TÔ THẾ, HOÀI ANH (2020-11-07). "4 giống chó quý của Việt Nam được gọi là "quốc khuyển"" [Four precious dog breeds of Vietnam are called "national dogs"]. Lao Dong (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  2. 1 2 3 "Bac Ha Dog". The Native Vietnamese Breed Preservation Society. Archived from the original on 2022-09-10. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  3. 1 2 Tatarski, Michael (2021-10-10). "Chó: The Four National Breeds of Vietnamese Doggos | Saigoneer". The Saigoneer. Archived from the original on 2022-08-20. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  4. ↑ "006/2019/QĐ-CT CÔNG NHẬN TIÊU GIỐNG CHÓ BẮC HÀ – BẢNG TIÊU CHUẨN CHÓ BẮC HÀ" [ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE BAC HA PAGE - STANDARD TABLE OF BAC HA DOGS.]. Vietnam Kennel Association (in Vietnamese). 2019-09-20. Archived from the original on 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  5. 1 2 Lee, Mai Na M. (2015). Dreams of the Hmong kingdom : the quest for legitimation in French Indochina, 1850-1960. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-29883-8. OCLC 909840030. Archived from the original on 2022-09-10. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  6. ↑ Keown-Bomar, Julie (2004). Kinship networks among Hmong-American refugees. New York: LFB Scholarly Pub. ISBN 1-59332-117-1. OCLC 58720533. Archived from the original on 2022-09-10. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  7. ↑ "Lên núi "săn quốc khuyển" Bắc Hà" [Going up the mountain to "hunt the national dog" Bac Ha]. danviet.vn (in Vietnamese). 2018-02-23. Archived from the original on 2022-08-23. Retrieved 2022-08-23.
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