Barclaya
Barclaya longifolia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Barclaya
Wall.
Type species
Barclaya longifolia Wall.[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Hydrostemma Wall. ex Taylor & Phillips

Barclaya is a genus of six species of flowering plants of the family Nymphaeaceae.[2] Barclaya are aquatic plants native to tropical Asia. The genus was named in honour of the American-born English brewer and patron of science Robert Barclay.[3][4]

Description

Plants grow from egg-shaped tubers that produce short runners and a basal rosette of leaves. All leaves are submerged.[3]

Taxonomy

Publication

The genus Barclaya Wall. was first published by Nathaniel Wallich in 1827.[2] Though Hydrostemma is a name that is older than the name Barclaya, having been published 6 months earlier, the name Barclaya has been "conserved" as it was deemed being much better known than Hydrostemma.[5]

Species

FlowerSpecies[2]Distribution
Barclaya longifolia Wall.Indochina
Barclaya motleyi Hook.f.Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Kalimantan, Sumatra), New Guinea (Idei 2010), Peninsular Malaysia
Barclaya panchorensis KomalaMalaya Peninsula[6]
Barclaya rotundifolia M.HottaSarawak, Johore, Malaysia[7]
Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.JacobsenMalaya Peninsula[8]
Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.JacobsenSumatra[9]

Disputed species include:

  • Barclaya hirta (Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq.
  • Barclaya kunstleri (King) Ridl.

They were resurrected in a recent revision of the genus,[1] but are not accepted by some other sources, such as Plants of the World Online of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[2]

Rejected classification

The separate family Barclayaceae H.L.Li was published in 1955.[10] It has been believed to be separate, due to the extended perianth tube (combined sepals and petals) arising from the top of the ovary and by stamens that are joined basally. However, morphological and genetic studies support the position of Barclaya in the family Nymphaeaceae.[11] A separate order Barclayales Doweld was proposed in 2001.[12][13]

The accepted placement of Barclaya is within the family Nymphaeaceae of the order Nymphaeales.[14]

Cytology

The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 36.[1]

Habitat

Within tropical rainforests, Barclaya develops alongside streams or at their fringes. The escalating deforestation across Southeast Asia is causing the habitats to become clouded, endangering Barclaya.[15]

Conservation

The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya longifolia is least concern (LC).[16] The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya motleyi is data deficient (DD).[17]

Cultivation

Barclaya longifolia is a popular aquarium plant.[18][5][19] Under high light conditions the attractive, upright foliage displays green colouration. Under lower light conditions brownish foliage is produced.[20] It easily sets seed in cultivation, if pollen is deposited on the stigma.[21]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Jacobsen, N., Ganapathy, H., Ipor, I., Jensen, K. R., Komala, T., Mangsor, K. N., ... & Ørgaard, M. (2022). "A reassessment of the genus Barclaya (Nymphaeaceae) including three new species." Nordic Journal of Botany, 2022(5), e03392.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Barclaya Wall". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  3. 1 2 Slocum, Perry D. (2005). Waterlilies and Lotuses: Species, Cultivars and New Hybrids. Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-684-2. Archived from the original on 2008-05-08. Retrieved 2008-12-30.
  4. ↑ Wallich, Nathaniel (1827). "Description of a new genus of plants belonging to the order Nymphaeaceae". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 15: 442–448, Tab. 18. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1826.tb00125.x.
  5. 1 2 Crusio, W. E.; J. Bogner (1984). "Proposal to conserve 2515 Barclaya against Hydrostemma (Nymphaeaceae)". Taxon. 33 (3): 517–519. doi:10.2307/1221000. JSTOR 1221000.
  6. ↑ "Barclaya panchorensis Komala". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  7. ↑ Jacobsen, Niels; Ipor, Isa B.; Bogner, Josef (2007). "Über die Kultur von Barclaya-Arten (Nymphaeaceae)". Aqua Planta. 32: 86–93.
  8. ↑ "Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.Jacobsen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  9. ↑ "Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.Jacobsen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  10. ↑ "Barclayaceae H. L. Li". Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  11. ↑ Schneider, E. L. (1978). "Studies of the Nymphaeaceae. IX. The Seed of Barclaya longifolia Wall". Botanical Gazette. 139 (2): 223–230. doi:10.1086/336993. JSTOR 2473739. S2CID 85279142.
  12. ↑ "Family Barclayaceae - Hierarchy". The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  13. ↑ Reveal, J. L.; Chase, M. W. (18 February 2011). "APG III: Bibliographical Information and Synonymy of Magnoliidae". Phytotaxa. 19 (1): 71–134. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.4.
  14. ↑ Borsch, T., Löhne, C., & Wiersema, J. (2008). "Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns in Nymphaeales: integrating genes, genomes and morphology." Taxon, 57(4), 1052-4E.
  15. ↑ Endress, P. K., & Friis, E. M. (2012). Early evolution of flowers. Springer Science & Business Media.
  16. ↑ Juffe Bignoli, D. 2011. Barclaya longifolia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T194024A8877322. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T194024A8877322.en. Accessed on 04 January 2024.
  17. ↑ Allen, D.J. 2011. Barclaya motleyi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T194023A8877027. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T194023A8877027.en. Accessed on 04 January 2024.
  18. ↑ Les, D. H. (2001). "Nymphaeales". e LS.
  19. ↑ Bailey, Mary; Burgess, Peter (1999). Tropical Fishlopaedia: A Complete Guide to Fish Care. Ringpress. ISBN 978-1-86054-102-5.
  20. ↑ Alderton, David (2019-02-07). Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish. Dorling Kindersley Limited. ISBN 978-0-241-44442-9.
  21. ↑ Miller, Philip (1835). The gardeners dictionary.
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